Ti plasmid
Because A. tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes of the Agrobacterium introduce a gene of oneself into a plant, Ti plasmid (Ti plasmid) or the tumor-induced plasmid (tumor inducing plasmid) is a heredity device to often use by all means.
The Ti plasmid disappears when I grow up in 28 degrees Celsius or more with Agrobacterium. Such bacteria cannot form crown gall and become the non-toxicity type. pTi and pRi have almost none of the homogeny of the sequence, but are similar functionally. The Ti plasmid is classified by a kind of オパイン to produce with the gene. Kinds of オパイン which Ti plasmid produces include an octopin, nopaline, スクシナモピン, a leucino pin.
In this plasmid, I have 196 genes encoding 195 protein. In addition, one structure RNA exists. As for this plasmid, as for the GC content, 56%, 81% of the whole are coding regions in 206,479 nucleotide head. The pseudogene does not include it.
The modification of this plasmid by the genetic engineering is very important to the making of the genetically-modified crops.
Table of contents
Toxic domain
The gene of the toxic domain is summarized in virABCDEFG operon. This operon encodes an enzyme mediating the introduction to a plant cell of T-DNA [1].
- virA encodes acetosyringone [3], シリンガアルデヒド, phenolic compounds such as アポシニン [4] which leak when a plant tissue was injured, and appear [2] and a reacting receptor.
- virB encodes protein producing hole / fimbria structure [3].
- virC binds to overdrive sequence [3].
- virD1 and virD2 produce endonuclease at the boundary of the repetitive sequence of the T-DNA piece. virD4 is conjugate protein [5].
- I insert lipid in a plant cell membrane that virE binds to the T-chain protecting from an attack of the nuclease and makes the channel which a T-complex can pass [2] from the right-side end [3].
- virG is combined with consensus sequence as soon as I am phosphorylated by virA [2] [3] and lets the expression of vir- gene activate.
Characteristic
- The Agrobacterium is called "a natural biogeneticist".
- Size of the plasmid: ... 250kbp
- I include one or further T-DNA domain.
- Conjugal transfer includes a possible domain.
- I include a domain of オパイン composition and the catabolism.
- It is a cause of crown gall disease of the plant.
Allied item
Source
- Schell J, Van Montagu M., The Ti-plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a natural vector for the introduction of nif genes in plants?, Basic Life Sci. 1977, It is 159-79 9.
- B.D.Singh, genetic engineering and cloning.
- ^ Scott E.Stachelt, Eugene W.Nester (1986). "The genetic and transcriptional organization of the vir region of the A6 Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens". The EMBO Journal 5 (7): 1445–1454. PMC 1166964. It is . PMID 3017694
- ^ a b c Alexander N. Glazer, Hiroshi Nikaidō(2007). Microbial biotechnology: fundamentals of applied microbiology. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-84210-7.
- ^ a b c d e Schrammeijer, B., Beijersbergen, A., Idler, K.B., Melchers, L.S., Thompson, D.V., Hooykaas, P.J.J. (2000). "Sequence analysis of the vir-region from Agrobacterium tumefaciens octopine Ti plasmid pTi15955". Journal of Experimental Botany 51 (347): 1167–1169. doi: 10.1093/jexbot/51.347.1167. It is . PMID 10948245
- ^ Reconstitution of Acetosyringone-Mediated Agrobacterium tumefaciens Virulence Gene Expression in the Heterologous Host Escherichia coli. Scott M. Lohrke, Hongjiang Yang, and Shouguang Jin, J Bacteriol. 2001 June; 183 (12): 3704–3711, doi: 10.1128/JB.183.12.3704-3711.2001
- ^ Hamilton CM, Lee H, Li PL, et al. (March 2000). "TraG from RP4 and TraG and VirD4 from Ti plasmids confer relaxosome specificity to the conjugal transfer system of pTiC58". J. Bacteriol. 182 (6): 1541–8. doi: 10.1128/jb.182.6.1541-1548.2000. PMC 94450. It is . PMID 10692358
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This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Ti plasmid
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