Amateur orchestra

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Portal classical music

It is difficult to define the amateur orchestra (Amateur Orchestra) closely, and it cannot be said that clear fences of a professional orchestra and the amateur orchestra always existed historically, but a way of thinking to explain an amateur orchestra with relations of the employment is mainstream. In other words, the thing to be an amateur orchestra in an orchestra group of the form that a musical bandman is not employed by the position group. Most of professional orchestras are foundations and are a thing that I distinguish it from a bandsman being an employee. But existing amateur orchestra, all of professional orchestras do not apply to this explanation much practically.

I omit it with "amateur pail "・" amateur pails" and may be called out time.

In Japan, there are many groups belonging to the federation of Japanese amateur orchestra, but there are also many groups moving into action originally regardless of a league. I show a model example of the amateur orchestra in current Japan as follows.

Table of contents

Civic orchestra (member of society orchestra)

Outline

I do not depend on the specific school and group very much and often point to the group where musicians gather voluntarily. But it is financial from the local government, and there is much situation receiving human support. In addition, the local government to support is independent, and there is the group running if it is driven by a concert, and there is the group which gathered. The naming method of the group name is inconsistent, too. There are a lot of not only the amateur musician but also members of the professional musician.

Member

In many cases, I accept the person who can already play a musical instrument with ability above a certain level as a member. There are a lot of not only the amateur musician but also members such as the occupation musician who graduated from Music College or the music teacher of the elementary and junior high school. On the occasion of joining an organization, it is not unusual for ability confirmation to be demanded. In addition, I often demand a person of joining an organization assuming the experience of the student orchestra. I accept a person without the musical instrument experience, and the situation to let you be in charge of a musical instrument unlike previous experience is very totally rare. Unlike a student orchestra, a member does not have many the "卒団" things doing automatically. In most cases, I leave 団 by "dismissal from an organization". For a reason of the dismissal from an organization, there are many decrease, ability drops (voluntary judgment) of me-like pressure, orchestra participation in planning will a transfer. But, by some orchestras, I perform the ability judgment of each member as 団, and dismissal from an organization may be promoted by the result.

Activity

As usual activity, I play in concert exclusively and practice. Each person performs the personal exercise voluntarily other than the exercise time as the group. The practice field often uses the exercise places such as public halls regularly. In many cases, I am active as a big event of the groups by several times a year of periodical concert holding. In the case of most, the ensemble exercise practices the periodical concert program, but the ensemble exercise not to premise a concert is possible (depending on a circle). There is little situation that a member acts as the leader of the concert and often depends on a professional musician.

Characteristic

Over the situation of the citizen orchestra of these days, the following characteristics are often pointed out.

• When I play a general classic famous tune, the number of the players more than each part uniformity is necessary for the stringed instrument by all means. On the other hand, the wind instrument greatly varies in formation by music. I can say the thing like the student orchestra in this connection.

• Unlike a student orchestra, there is not the structure which a member makes 卒団. Therefore I do not perform further member addition anymore in the part (musical instrument) where there are many players (because the turn by the concert is not guaranteed). Originally only few people employ a member or, about the trombone tuba, may not employ a member at all. On the other hand, I may find a rather much member for maintenance of the activity by delivery and child care, a transfer because the number of the members is easy to become unstable.

Various citizen orchestra

Many amateur orchestras exist (there is a great deal of number of the groups in the metropolitan area in particular), and activity concepts are greatly different these days every group. Illustratively, an orchestra with the following characteristics exists (I exist not to mention the group which but the following examples are not things having a clear fence, and has plural characteristics).

• So-called "citizen orchestra." It functions as a place of the cultural exchange of music-lovers in the local community.
• An orchestra in pursuit of the high performance level. There are many forms that a player having high personal ability can join after an open call for participants, an audition. The repertory is high in the technical level too very widely, too. "The expert has the group estimated as soup stock" among them.
• The orchestra which featured a performance plan. For example, I take up the work of the authorized composer by concert selection of music by all means. The orchestra where is specialized in game music exists.
• So-called "alumnus orchestra." I accept the graduate of the specific student orchestra as a member mainly.
• The amateur orchestra which was the plan inverse れが beginning of the professional orchestra. Support, the leader (leader) of the local government and the sponsor are often selected earlier.
• So-called "blow orchestra." A specific concert plan is made earlier and gathers members for the concert and is dissolved with the concert end.
• So-called "selection orchestra." Cause of broadcasting station or other backup, concert in itself are planned regularly, but the participant chooses it by an audition every concert.

University orchestra

Outline

Generally, it is the group which gives its "orchestra" "orchestra" "symphony orchestra" "Philharmonic orchestras" among the student circles in the university. A university predominates and, in the case of a music system university, may organize a student orchestra not a student circle.

The following explanation is one example of the typical "university orchestra".

Member

I am constructed by the volunteer of the student of the university. The Shinnyu member gathers you from the new first grader who entered the university newly. If there is the person with wind music or the experience of the orchestra in the Shinnyu member in high school days, there is the person taking the personalized lessons such as stringed instruments from childhood, but there is few that an orchestra is established only in such people. I accept a person without the musical instrument experience, and the situation to let you be in charge of a musical instrument unlike previous experience is totally common. When a student graduates from a university, there is 卒団扱 from an orchestra automatically. But, by repeating the same grade, graduate school entrance into a school of higher grade, the university being on the register roll number of years is the point in time beyond four years, and there are a lot of 卒団扱 いとさせる groups, too. When the number of people is not enough, I may be active jointly with neighboring other universities.

Activity

As usual activity, an ensemble exercise and a personal exercise will be carried out each. When it is hourly (in the study) and borrows a place when there is an exclusive clubroom in study, in the practice field, there are cases to borrow the exercise place of the non-member.

By several times a year of periodical concert holding, I am active as a big event of the circles. The ensemble exercise practices the periodical concert program. But an ensemble exercise not to premise a concert may be carried out. In addition, the exercise (分奏) every part section is carried out, too. There is little situation that a student acts as the leader of the concert and often depends on a professional musician.

Characteristic

Over the situation of the student orchestra of these days, the following characteristics are often pointed out.

• When I play a general classic famous tune, the number of each part (violin viola cello contrabass) players above a certain level is necessary for the stringed instrument by all means. On the other hand, the wind instrument greatly varies in formation by music. Generally the necessary number of people is according to instructions of the sheet of music and often says with each two musical instruments in the classic music. The trombone tuba is not often included in formation before the music of 近現代. I constitute an ensemble to the formation of the musical piece in many cases even if the constitution staff of the circle is not equal to the formation of the musical piece (exercise - concert public performance). Therefore, in the part (musical instrument) of the understaffing, I ask for (member of many cases other universities) help out of the circle. On the other hand, in the part of the redundance, it limits a turn (when there is multiple music to constitute a concert, only one piece participates).

• In addition, there is often the case that cannot participate in an ensemble until ability reaches a constant standard in the case of a student practicing an inexperienced musical instrument newly.

• As for the person in charge of a part (musical instrument) included in formation only in music of 近現代 including the trombone tuba, there are many cases that are nervous for the selection of music of the concert. This is because there is not a turn depending on music. But a program is partial to 近現代 thing when I guarantee the turn of such a musical instrument too much.

• There is a lot of situation that musical pieces similar to the orchestra of which university form a line every fixed period of time when I consider the ability of the general student other than formation. The ドヴォルジャーク "symphony eighth," it is often pointed out that Bizet is the music that "the women of Arles" appear for the program with most student pails by all means once in several years the Brahms "symphony second". ^{[The source required]}

Various university orchestra

In reality, the following university orchestras exist, too.

• The case which forms one orchestra at plural universities. The form top has the aspect called the student circle in each university, but performs an ensemble exercise, concert holding as the thing which I unified exclusively not activity in each university alone substantially. There is little number of people, and it is often the beginning only at each university not to be able to organize an orchestra. In addition, the constant joint active example exists at the same time while organizing an orchestra in each each university, and being active separately from this. ) which the Fukuoka student symphony orchestras are example, and performs the joint activity parallel to independent activity in each participation university.

• The student orchestra which accepts the student of other universities as a member. Other than the situation that one's university does not have an orchestra circle, there is the situation to swat the door of the orchestra of other universities from the difference in color (atmosphere, activity contents, performance ability) of the orchestra every university daringly.

• When there are plural student orchestras in one university. Generally it is a phenomenon to be seen at a university with much number of the students, and the difference of the atmosphere between groups is remarkable. ^{[The source required]}

Well-known university orchestra

A university orchestra and activity told to have achieved below a big role (the premiere of the famous musical performance musical piece in Japan) historically raise active (they perform a large-scale concert and the performance in foreign countries and are introduced in the media such as TV, and the evaluation of the performance is particularly high) university orchestra.

Waseda University symphony orchestra

Popular name "ワセオケ." I am founded in 1913, and it is run by a student of Waseda University. I play it in several times a year of sponsorship performances and university formula events and am placed in a living-room gig and the music magazine and carry out a wide activity. The territory does not stay in the country and, since championship in the fifth international young people orchestra meeting (popular name, Karajan contest) of 1978, performs many foreign countries performances. The costar often plays Seiji Ozawa, Zdenek Kosler, Leonard Slatkin, Hiroyuki Iwaki, Naoto Otomo, Ken Takaseki, Kazufumi Yamashita, Hiroshi Kodama, Daisuke Soga, Kiyotaka Teraoka and others with member and others such as famous leader and Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra or NHK Symphony Orchestra of the world-class orchestra worldwide over many divergences, too [¹]. I performed the premiere of symphony thirteenth "Babi Yar" of symphony 35th "Haffner" and ショスタコーヴィチ of Mozart in Japan.

Keio school organized by contributions Vagner ソサィエティー orchestra

I founded it in 1901. The member is not limited to a student of Keio University. In late years, mainly on three times a year of periodical concerts, I carry out foreign countries, a domestic concert tour every other year. I make Masahiko Okochi Yoshinori Kawachi, an original leader to a laurel wreath leader. ^[2].

Kyushu University Philharmonic orchestra orchestra

I am constructed by a student in Fukuoka-shi led by Kyushu University. The Kyoto empire University Fukuoka medical college professor Yasusaburo Sakaki and others which was a forerunner of Kyushu University founded it as Philharmonic orchestra society in 1909. I lay a periodical concert to be held twice a year for main activity and play it by the request from Fukuoka-shi and the company including a university, a kindergarten, an elementary and junior high school and develop music activity widely. I performed the premiere such as symphony 40th of Mozart, symphony first of Beethoven, symphony fourth "Italy" of Mendelssohn in Japan.

Hosei University symphony orchestra

I founded it in 1921. Other sizes have a lot of more than 100 members not only a student of Hosei University. The activity performs a request performance, the performance of the graduation ceremony in the martial arts gymnasium [^{vagueness evasion required}] mainly on two times a year of periodical concerts. It is federation of six university orchestras participation group.

High school orchestra

I should think with one of the club activities in the high school basically. Generally I resemble the above "university orchestra", but the music teacher of the high school often serves the leader. In addition, I often invite the professional musicians of the alumnus as a trainer because there are many inexperienced people.

Youth orchestra

One of the culture circles which private enterprise or the local government host includes a lot of youth orchestras mainly composed of small junior and senior high school students.

The details refer to "a youth orchestra"

Well-known amateur orchestra in Japan

The world of the orchestra is generally low in the amateur recognition, but still, unlike wind music, there is the group where some names are known to. I give a representative example.

• It is a name of new symphony orchestra - NHK Symphony Orchestra same as a forerunner group, but is the other group. In 1956, Yasushi Akutagawa of the composer is formed as a musical director and is active now in Tokyo. I am known by Akutagawa pouring passion, and having dealt with instruction. Even a professional orchestra takes up a musical piece of 近現代 by few Japanese composers of the performance opportunity positively and has the results that won Suntory music Prize in "交響作品展 of Japan" for ten years in 1976 (it is rare that an amateur orchestra receives this kind of prize). In addition, the premiere of the symphony fourth of ショスタコーヴィチ in Japan moves to this orchestra. I get an evaluation as one of the amateur orchestras playing which are a high level.
• I raise "an orchestra of Kobe citizen" since foundation under the administration of the Kobe Phil harmonic - Kobe people's culture promotion foundation and am active. The leader is Chitaru Asahina.
• An oratorio of こんせーる, ぬーぼー - ショスタコーヴィチ is that Japan gave the first public performance of "the song of the forest", and only a group name is often mentioned. But this group does not exist.

Position of the amateur orchestra getting wet in the comfort estrade of Japan

• The local (local cities) citizen's orchestra which there is not a permanent professional orchestra may become a leading figure of the local music culture. It becomes the saucer of the graduate of the pro-music, art university.
• Including "the amateur performance likes "going which "do not listen because is not good, and do not want to listen" as for the concert of the amateur orchestra in the area where there is a professional orchestra to listen to "listening because admission is cheap" because a person knowing it appears" because there is passion, the love that is not professional" is various; is taken, and there is. When a rare musical piece is included in a program, I attract attention from a general music-lover.
• There are a great many examples which the leader who graduates from a pro-music, art university, and withdrew from few leader, the comfortable estrade front line to the interval teaches the conduct of the amateur orchestra to. There is even the recognition called "the saucer of the leader that the amateur orchestra does not wave a professional orchestra".
• On the contrary, as for asking a leader playing an active part in the comfort estrade front line for instruction, the conduct of the amateur orchestra, there is often a difficult case. One of the big reasons includes what the office managing of the leader often shows disapproval of because of difficulty (I will set it several times on a holiday, and a restriction degree is bigger than a professional pail in many cases) of the adjustment of the exercise schedule. In addition, because of a limit of the ability of the amateur orchestra, I feel uneasy about that I am careless for the stage when the music that the leader finds can be realized, and a leader often shows disapproval. In addition, generally the guarantee is high in such a leader, too. A leader "to command only a specific 2-3 group" does not have little which "I do not command the amateur orchestra" practically.
• There are a great many examples called (in other words, I change the place of the activity from the wind music field to the orchestra field) that a person engaged in wind music in a junior high school, a high school enters a university orchestra or the citizen's orchestra afterwards.

Footnote

[Help]

1. From ^ Waseda University symphony orchestra official site
2. From ^ Keio school organized by contributions Vagner ソサィエティー orchestra official site

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