ZiS-3 76mm field gun
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| ZiS-3 76mm field gun | |
|---|---|
 ZiS-3 which is displayed in Nizhny Novgorod | |
| Kind | Field gun |
| Original development country |  The Soviet Union |
| History of development | |
| Production period | It is a year - for 1,941 years |
| The number of the production | More than 103,000 gates |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 1,200 kg (shooting is in a state) 1,850 kg (traction is in a state) |
| The barrel head | 2,985mm/39.3 diameter (only as for the gun barrel) 3,200mm/42.1 diameter (I include a cartridge chamber) |
| Number required | Seven people |
| | |
| Cannonball | Charge of gunpowder: Fixed cartridge type |
| Diameter | 76.2mm |
| Breech | Perpendicular chain stopper type With mechanism to semiautomatically open and close |
| Reaction | 液気圧式駐退復座機 Two steps-type マズルブレーキ |
| Naval gun mount | Split type |
| Gun elevation | -5 degrees ~37 ° |
| Turning corner | 54 degrees |
| Discharge speed | Up to 25/m |
| Maximum range | 13,290m |
76mm division gun M1942 (ZiS-3) (Russian: 76-ммдивизионнаяпушкаобразца1942года(ЗИС-3)) is a light cannon for the division gunner whom the Soviet Union developed during World War II (field gun). Because this 砲 had high performance as an antitank gun like a German 88mm antiaircraft gun, the popularity as the antitank gun is high, too.
Table of contents
Development
Large mother country war broke out by Red Army troops starting the development of a more lightweight than F-22(M1936) 76mm field gun and the F-22USV(M1939) 76mm field gun which I held and low-cost 76mm field gun till then in 1940, and Nazis Germany having started invasion to the Soviet Union in 1941, the following day.
Armor was able to be opposed enough to the III tank and the IV tank which were the main tank of the German military at the time in a hard and strong cannonball of F-22 and F-22USV thinly, but much F-22 and F-22USV were destroyed for skill-lessness of the tactics by having purged a lot of flag officers, captains in the case of a sudden surprise attack and a large purge, or it was done 鹵獲 by the Germany forces and was lost. It was thought about with a matter of time hand こずった Germany developing a heavy tank superior to armor and heat, and casting into 重装甲 of T-34 and KV-1 more under the pressure of necessity at the war early stages that the Reds urgently introduced a field gun for the supplement for military unit reorganization a lot.
ZiS-3 was completed in 1941, but ZiS-3 has been done with a cessation of production formally because the Reds took a policy to give priority to an increase in production of F-22USV over without the trial being performed. However, F-22USV had high cost (1.5 times of ZiS-3), and the production process of the naval gun mount did not readily keep a number because it was complicated either. Therefore, I was able to be finally recognized by the world because Stalin gave an order that I admitted production of every 砲 which could be opposed to a German tank. A 5-day trial was carried out in February, 1942 and, in ZiS-3 which approximately completely cleared it, was adopted a regulation as 1942 model 76mm division field guns.
Summary
ZiS-3 was developed in form to carry gun barrel and 駐退復座機 of the F-22USV 76mm field gun to the naval gun mount of the ZiS-2 57mm antitank gun. Because I was in danger of falling down at the time of firing by a naval gun mount having become lightweight, マズルブレーキ was attached to a muzzle for a division field gun of the 76mm grade for the first time. Furthermore, right and left corner adjustment steering wheel and a command angle of declination adjustment steering wheel were concentrated on the left side of 砲, and the naval gun mount of the ZiS-2 antitank gun came to be able to perform aim adjustment alone. Gun elevation became more shallow than F-22 and F-22USV, but the use as a field gun and the antitank gun did not have the problem at all. Furthermore, the procurement cost fell to 2/3 of F-22USV because the structure of the naval gun mount was simplified in the cost side.
Because a command angle of declination adjustment steering wheel was on as for the howitzer and the field gun of the previous Soviet Union forces on the right side, it was necessary to perform the aim adjustment in two people. When I remodel the F-22 field gun which the German military made 鹵獲 into 7.62cm PaK 36(r), I move a command angle of declination adjustment steering wheel to the left side.
Cannonball
BR-350A 徹甲榴弾 and BR-350SP hard and strong cannonball were prepared for ZiS-3 as a hard and strong cannonball for the anti-tank. In addition, a high-explosive projectile, a shrapnel, an incendiary, a smoke bomb, a poison-gas bomb were made, and the molding bursting charge bullet was developed in postwar period, too.
Ability for armor accomplishment of BR-350A 徹甲榴弾
- 100m: 67mm (incidence angle 60 degrees), 82mm (incidence angle 90 degrees)
- 500m: 61mm (incidence angle 60 degrees), 75mm (incidence angle 90 degrees)
- 1,000m: 55mm (incidence angle 60 degrees), 67mm (incidence angle 90 degrees)
- 1,500m: 49mm (incidence angle 60 degrees), 60mm (incidence angle 90 degrees)
- 2,000m: 43mm (incidence angle 60 degrees), 53mm (incidence angle 90 degrees)
Operational
One battalion 12 gate (I organize it in three squadrons) per one division was deployed, and ZiS-3 was deployed in the independence organized at six squadron 24 gates vs. the tank regiment. ZiS-3 was spent mainly by direct heat support, but I deployed it in the antitank gun position called the pack front desk () and engaged in an anti-tank battle by an ambush by the skillful position construction and camouflage. Furthermore, ZiS-3Sh of the model mounted with a vehicle is used as the main battery of SU-76. I was called "ラッチュ (excortication sound), Bam" (discharge sound) from the German military, and I was afraid by the high muzzle velocity that a discharge sound sounded like after an impacted bomb.
I showed the performance that it was ideal for an III tank and IV tank partner, but bread terや tea garfish was a partner, and the bad fight of the share was forced to. The overthrowing was possible, but I punched the main battery from the side without a tooth standing to armor of the tea garfish, or I destroyed a caterpillar, and it was offensive ability, or it was necessary to neutralize either mobility if I aimed at the thin side and manta of the armor to a bread terpartner from the short distance. Therefore, larger-diameter D-44 85mm field gun and BS-3 100mm field gun are developed in 1944.
ZiS-3 is driven away in reserve duty after the war, but most are given to a Warsaw Treaty Organization member nation and the pro-Soviet country of the Middle East, Africa Asia and are active even now in some developing countries. In addition, few ZiS-3 is kept to use it in a reproduction event of the great mother country war in Russia.
Allied item
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia ZiS-3 76mm field gun
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