Tadaharu Machida
Tadaharu Machida (まちだちゅうじ, Bunkyu March 30, 3 (May 17, 1863) - 1946 (1946) November 12) is a politician of the Showa period from the Meiji era.
Member of the House of Representatives (ten times of election). I successively held the commercial and industrial minister, Minister of Finance (additional post), but was done a purge from public service a constitutionalism civil administration party, the President of Progressive Party, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan in the most later years. The original third place First Order of Merit. 号 is 幾堂. The nickname is the non kina cane sun.
Table of contents
Breeding
It is born as four men of Akita clansman, 町田伝治 by 秋田保戸野八丁新田上丁 (existing Hodonohaccho, Akita-shi, Akita) of Dewa country Akita county Kubota Shiroshita. Because 父伝治 died at the age of 3 years old, I was brought up by grandfather Heiji Machida and mother Shin child.
I became an adopted child of aunt Tadashi Machida in (1875) in 1875 and inherited birthright. It reached in school age and learned Japanese and Chinese study in a private supplementary school nearly the beginning and entered the west Kuo school (existing Akita City Hodono elementary school) after the study system enforcement, but changed school soon in Taihei school elementary school attached (elementary school attached to the existing Akita University education culture department).
I entered a school of higher grade in a subject in the irregularity that a subject became the name change in a peaceful elementary school in (1876) in 1876. The middle subject was renamed to junior high school instructor spare department (existing Akita beginning of fall field Senior High School) soon and graduated in (1880) in 1880. The way of bright person of Machida was said to be "a child prodigy of Hodono" and was famous with Koi Inoue of the bill, Ryuzo Tanaka of Narayama.
University entrance into a school of higher grade
I learned with Kitokuro Ichiki and others in an establishment school building and, after graduation, entered the prep school which was a spare course of Tokyo University as a prefectural expenses foreign student. Climate and life of Tokyo did not adjust to a body and suffered from beriberi before long and they stopped studies for disease medical treatment at one time and returned home. I meet Tsuyoshi Inukai who is invited in 1883 by (1883), the editor in chief of the Akita daily report (forerunner of the Akita Sakigake Courier), and stayed in Akita. I affected acquaintances of Okuma line and became a reporter in a newspaper of 改進党系, and it was the beginning that it was a party politician later.
It is Kamigyo with classmate Yasuya Uchida in the spare gate times that came in the summer (1884) for 1,884 years to press Machida for re-Kamigyo to Akita. I enter the Tokyo University law department specialized course and set a desk beside the classmate for the Kosai Uchida, Gonsuke Hayashi and others spare gate era who entered a school of higher grade in a core course. I was chosen as a prefectural expenses foreign student again and completed 帝国大学法科撰科 in (1887) in 1887. I do not get Bachelor of Law without becoming the original course graduation because I do not complete a prep school [1].
Reporter life
I retired from it according to original choice of the thing which worked by the advice of teacher Kentaro Kaneko of the university in the Legislative Bureau in one year and entered "Asano newspaper" as an article reporter in (1888) in 1888. This was a thing by the guides of Tsuyoshi Inukai, but set up argument with Inukai, Yukio Ozaki and others. The management of the newspaper became difficult and moved to "postal Hochi Shimbun" of Shigenobu Okuma with 尾﨑 and others by the oppression of the domain factional government (1891) in November in 1891, and it was true incarnation of the management substantially when Inukai, 尾﨑 became the Diet member. In addition, I learned public finance and translated an Italian great scholar, "public finance" of Luigi Cossa (Luigi Cossa) and wrote it and adopted it for textbooks in the Waseda technical school.
Result of the foreign travel
I traveled abroad (1893) in the U.K. via the United States from Yokohama Port in May in 1893. It absorbed politics, finance of the U.K., knowledge of the economy for approximately one year and returned home. I left postal Hochi Shimbun soon and I saw that there was economic magazine "the economist" (The Economist) during London stay in a big leadership position in the British economic world and keenly realized the need in Japan and launched "Orient economy news" (1895) in November in 1895. I handed it over to Tameyuki Amano who was a friend in December in the next year when management got on track and entered the Bank of Japan as Assistant to Director in (1897) in 1896.
Financial world advance
I turned to an inspector at Osaka office on a special mission of Governor of the Bank of Japan Yanosuke Iwasaki (1898) in January in 1898. The contents of the special mission changed bureaucratic constitution of the Bank of Japan and were a businessman of Osaka and the thing of the purpose that I lowered a waist and contacted with. I am involved in "a Bank of Japan executive strike case" in March in the next year and receive a total director assumption of office request of Yamaguchi Bank that was the center company of the Yamaguchi financial combine (Sanwa Bank in the back) after the Osaka office retirement with executive and others from Sadakichi Tsuruhara, Tokyo University of Shunpei Uemura and others and it follows it and will remain in Osaka [2]. I carried out improvement of constitution and the management reshuffling of the bank which was weak constitution and started the Yamaguchi Bank rebuilding, and expansion developed it ten years later and brought it up before I stood in the leadership position of the Osaka financial world.
European and American for half a year traveled abroad with fourth generation present head of a household Yoshiro soldier of the Imperial Guard who graduated from Keio school organized by contributions (1909) in May in 1909, and became an adult and retired from the Yamaguchis in the next year.
Entrance into politics
Run for the eleventh member of the House of Representatives general election of the enforcement (1912) from the Akita rural districts ward on May 15 1912, and is elected at the highest score; as the politician made a start. Exceptional great selection was done in (1914) in 1914 by an agriculture commercial affairs participation in politics official of the second Okuma Cabinet and wrestled in a price of rice problem and worked for the adjustment and facilities.
The position political party entered as constitutionalism Kuomintang, constitutionalism comrade society (1913 (1913) February), Kensei-Kai (1916 (1916) October) and a shift, a healthy opposition party, an influential party member of Kensei-Kai in the training times of at any risk ten years.
I often acted as Kensei-Kai general affairs after (1919) in 1919 and, on the other hand, held an additional post of HOCHI SHIMBUN's president from 1919 through 1926.
A minister and president assumption of office
Although I lost a general election of May (1920) in 1920, it bloomed a second time (1924) in October in 1924 and played an active part as House of Representatives budget chairperson of the Takaaki Kato cabinet. About the position of lead general affairs of Kensei-Kai, I achieved the first entry into the cabinet as the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of the first Wakatsuki Cabinet (1926) afterwards in June in 1926. Kensei-Kai formed a constitutionalism civil administration party (the following, a civil administration party and abbreviation) jointly with a political friend book party in June in the next year and took office as the general affairs.
Furthermore, it was left a parent to the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries again (1929) in the Hamaguchi Cabinet in July in 1929 and was reappointed sequentially in the second Wakatsuki Cabinet. I leave epoch-making achievements in the political history that I lecture on a road of debt rearranging and the cash income of the farm village and relax a difficult situation of the impoverishment for the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and put up a price of rice policy to prevent having made an effort for farm village development at the same time and the extreme change of the price of rice, and the ruling and opposition parties at the time attach agreement to together.
I was entreated with Okada Cabinet establishment of July (1934) in 1934 and was left a parent to a commercial and industrial minister as a consultant and accomplished a big job called the establishment of the Shoko Chukin Bank for medium and small-sized business help. Furthermore, I acted as acting president as the civil administration party Chairman of the Executive Council without taking you immediately although it was supposed with President of civil administration party resignation of Reijiro Wakatsuki in October of the year by the successor. Touched by a political change and the entreaty fully supported by the ardent party, I took office as President of the third civil administration party (1935) at last on January 20 in 1935. The civil administration party gains a rapid great victory in a general election of the enforcement (1936) in February in 1936, the following day, and it was in a top party in substitution for political friend society, but a 2.26 case occurs just after that. I held an additional post of the Minister of Finance as a successor of Korekiyo Takahashi assassinated by a case. In addition, Machida advises the Emperor Showa on the occasion of a 2.26 case saying "a panic happens if I do not adopt determined treatment and is detrimental in the finance area" and pushes a subjugation policy of the Emperor Showa from behind [3]. I successively held a cabinet Councilor of the first Imperial Guardsman Cabinet, Hiranuma Cabinet, the second Imperial Guardsman Cabinet, the minister of state of the Kuniaki Koiso Cabinet afterwards.
A civil administration party solution party and defeat
The usual way of the constitutional government collapses, and, after a 5.15 case, militarism, armed faction politics begins to spread, and there was not the thing opened after all in the way to the prime minister of Machida. Although I resisted the solution party till the last, with the development of the Imperial Guardsman campaign for a new socio-political structure, the civil administration party was forced to a solution party (1940) on August 15 in 1940. Aide to Imperial Guardsman Akira Kazami for Kumao Harada "Machida ノ duty ハ civil administration party ヲ cancellation セシムルダケガ role ニシテソレ ノ role ヲ 買 ハントスルガゴトキハ body ノ 程 ヲ intellect ラズト 云 ハザルヲ profit spoke it with this point mistake アルベカラズ ("Akira Kazami diary" May 29, 1940 date), and マデノダラシ nothing カリシ condition of the party ノ responsibility ヲ oneself ニ Seoi ヒ seclusion シテコソ public person ノ responsibility ヲ 果 タスモノト 云 フベシ sneered at a way of effort of Machida that was going to prevent party collapse at the same time civil administration party ノ solution party ト ニ civil administration party today".
I took office as advisor Japan politics society an advisor at support politics society a support member of the Diet alliance advisor (1944) (1942) 1944 1942 in the next year. Machida was advised about the entry into the cabinet each in Vice-President baron appointment and Privy Council appointment, the Abe Cabinet and a cabinet in the rice, but persisted in faith to work because national as Representative one.
The on the dais of the assembly often gave the willpower of the nation encouragement all over the Pacific War and promoted stirring up. I go on the platform by purpose explanation of "承詔必謹決議案" submitted to the assembly in the 88th temporariness (1945) on September 5 in 1945 after the defeat and vomit each word blood saying "I clarify that there is it, and the nation maintains the agreement national polity, and great achievement のむなしきを sadness since the Meiji, the Japanese rebuilding expect a faint gleam from development of the culture in the future and will show omniscience and omnipotence for construction of new life Japan", and it is said that I do the historic declamation that talk and tears go down together and made the nation 粛然.
Most later years
With political party revival broken off, I formed the Japanese Progressive Party as a mother in Japan politics society in November, 1945 and took office as the president. However, the position of the president was chased in January in the next year by the Purge Directive of GHQ and retired myself from the politics as a successor in Chokichi Hirasawa.
The senility began to be outstanding rapidly from about the summer of the same year and I was admitted to the first national hospital (existing: Kunitachi international medical care research center) of Ushigome ward Wakamatsucho at the end of October and closed a life in 84 at 4:38 a.m. on November 12 only two weeks later. The posthumous Buddhist name "憲忠殿衆誉無涯幾堂大居士." Kijuro Hidehara of representative friend acted as a funeral service chairperson, and the funeral service was held grandly in Koishikawa Gokokuji on 15th. There is a grave in Gokokuji and the Akita-shi vow temple of Koishikawa, Tokyo.
Evaluation
Machida showed abilities in the world of finance and the management, and I entered the politics, and the back mainly knew economy, an industrial policy, too and left many result. In addition, I had the large field of vision cultivated by journalism and going abroad with me. If it is a time of peace, it is evaluated more, and misfortunes of Machida who was able to become the Prime Minister are that the party politics that, thus, should stand collapsed. I came by a policy, legislation by a claim of one's own party partially from the situation where it was like the associate ruling party for the middle cabinet era, but it was the military authorities and a result of the basic exchange (barter) of not being opposed. I finally reached the civil administration party solution party without being able to finish suppressing the Ryutaro Nagai, Tadao Oasa and others party pro-military group in the party rule. Though I kept the honor as the party politician after the Tojiyo Cabinet, it was a purge from public service by having been concerned with the support politics society and Koiso Cabinet as politics man of influence and invited unfortunate later years.
Episode
- Because "the non-kina cane sun" of the nickname resembled a chief character of 4 top comics "non kina cane sun" (carefree my father) of Yutaka Aso published serially in Hochi Shimbun, I was accompanied. By the way, Hochi Shimbun's president at the time of the serialization is Machida.
- It was usual for every に to call out to you saying "let's eat even a meal in a few days" whenever I met a person, but there was not really that I went to the meal too much. This was known and came to be said to be "the Kyn meals of the non-cane". "The non-cane" "the Kyn meal" of his nickname "non kina cane sun" "even as for in a few days meal……It is abbreviation of ". In addition, Kakuei Tanaka is celebrity by having spoken an impression when I held recognition of services party for Toshio Doko who served Second Administrative Examining Committee saying soil light is saying "the corner was not Kyn meal".
Privilege
- 1911 (1911) one set of August 24 - gold cup [4]
- 1915 (1915) November 10 - Grand Ceremony of Accession memory chapter [5]
Election results
I ran in the eleventh general election of May 15, 1912 from the Akita rural districts ward (fixed number 6) and achieved first election. 以後、1920年（大正9年）5月10日の第14回総選挙で1度落選したものの、1942年（昭和17年）4月30日の第21回総選挙まで通算10回当選した。
| 第11回総選挙：明治45年（1912）5月15日（水） | |||
| 郡部区 | 町田忠治 | 立憲国民党・新① | 3,565 |
| 榊田清兵衛 | 立憲政友会・前② | 2,978 | |
| 齋藤宇一郎 | 立憲国民党・前⑤ | 2,787 | |
| 添田飛雄太郎 | 立憲国民党・前② | 2,636 | |
| 田中隆三 | 立憲政友会・新① | 2,542 | |
| 三浦盛徳 | 立憲政友会・前④ | 1,662 | |
| 近江谷栄次 | 中央倶楽部・前 | 1,655 | |
| 大久保鉄作 | 立憲政友会・元 | 1,529 | |
| その他 | 307 | ||
| 第12回総選挙：大正4年（1915）3月25日（木） | |||
| 郡部区 | 町田忠治 | 立憲同志会・前② | 3,208 |
| 齋藤宇一郎 | 立憲同志会・前⑥ | 3,179 | |
| 伊藤恭之助 | 立憲同志会・新① | 2,976 | |
| 添田飛雄太郎 | 立憲同志会・前③ | 2,916 | |
| 榊田清兵衛 | 立憲政友会・前③ | 2,509 | |
| 中村千代松 | 立憲国民党・新① | 1,906 | |
| 大久保鉄作 | 立憲政友会・元 | 1,845 | |
| 渡辺文八郎 | 立憲政友会・新 | 1,676 | |
| その他 | 16 | ||
| 第13回総選挙：大正6年（1917）4月20日（金） | |||
| 郡部区 | 池田亀治 | 立憲政友会・新① | 2,667 |
| 榊田清兵衛 | 立憲政友会・前④ | 2,601 | |
| 齋藤宇一郎 | 憲政会・前⑦ | 2,566 | |
| 町田忠治 | 憲政会・前③ | 2,267 | |
| 高橋本吉 | 立憲政友会・新① | 2,158 | |
| 添田飛雄太郎 | 憲政会・前④ | 1,963 | |
| 中村千代松 | 立憲国民党・前 | 1,947 | |
| 伊藤恭之助 | 憲政会・前 | 1,916 | |
| 明石順吉 | 無所属・新 | 599 | |
| その他 | 11 | ||
| 第14回総選挙：大正9年（1920）5月10日（月） | |||
| 第3区 | 高橋本吉 | 立憲政友会・前② | 2,521 |
| Tadaharu Machida | 憲政会・前 | 2,249 | |
| その他 | 46 | ||
| 第15回総選挙：大正13年（1924）5月10日（土） | |||
| 第4区 | 町田忠治 | 憲政会・元④ | 4,194 |
| 横山助成 | 立憲政友会・新 | 4,037 | |
| その他 | 5 | ||
| 第16回総選挙：昭和3年（1928）2月20日（金） | |||
| 第1区 | 町田忠治 | 立憲民政党・前⑤ | 18,352 |
| 池内広正 | 立憲政友会・新① | 17,394 | |
| 田中隆三 | 立憲民政党・前⑤ | 17,221 | |
| 鈴木安孝 | 立憲政友会・新① | 16,702 | |
| 信太儀右衛門 | 立憲民政党・前 | 13,584 | |
| 畠山松治郎 | 日本労農党・新 | 2,995 | |
| 第17回総選挙：昭和5年（1930）2月20日（木） | |||
| 第1区 | 田中隆三 | 立憲民政党・前⑥ | 20,799 |
| 町田忠治 | 立憲民政党・前⑥ | 20,790 | |
| 信太儀右衛門 | 立憲民政党・元② | 20,574 | |
| 鈴木安孝 | 立憲政友会・前② | 12,692 | |
| 石川定辰 | 立憲政友会・新 | 7,979 | |
| 金子吉太郎 | 地方無産党・新 | 4,406 | |
| 金作之助 | 立憲養正会・新 | 997 | |
| 第18回総選挙：昭和7年（1932）2月20日（土） | |||
| 第1区 | 杉本国太郎 | 立憲政友会・新① | 23,085 |
| 鈴木安孝 | 立憲政友会・前③ | 22,667 | |
| 田中隆三 | 立憲民政党・前⑦ | 16,164 | |
| 町田忠治 | 立憲民政党・前⑦ | 15,294 | |
| 信太儀右衛門 | 立憲民政党・前 | 13,539 | |
| 第19回総選挙：昭和11年（1936）2月20日（木） | |||
| 第1区 | 町田忠治 | 立憲民政党・前⑧ | 26,426 |
| 信太儀右衛門 | 立憲民政党・元③ | 17,195 | |
| 中川重春 | 立憲民政党・新① | 13,581 | |
| 中田儀直 | 立憲政友会・新① | 11,145 | |
| 石川定辰 | 立憲政友会・新 | 11,144 | |
| 金作之助 | 立憲養正会・新 | 6,126 | |
| 第20回総選挙：昭和12年（1937）4月30日（金） | |||
| 第1区 | 町田忠治 | 立憲民政党・前⑨ | 18,429 |
| 信太儀右衛門 | 立憲民政党・前④ | 13,934 | |
| 中田儀直 | 立憲政友会・元② | 13,224 | |
| 中川重春 | 立憲民政党・前② | 12,276 | |
| 古沢斐 | 社会大衆党・新 | 9,117 | |
| 石川定辰 | 立憲政友会・前 | 8,328 | |
| 金作之助 | 立憲養正会・新 | 5,503 | |
| 中村次郎 | 興国自治会・新 | 1,512 | |
| 第21回総選挙：昭和17年（1942）4月30日（木） | |||
| 第1区 | 町田忠治 | 翼賛政治体制協議会推薦＝旧立憲民政党・前⑩ | 18,611 |
| 信太儀右衛門 | 翼賛政治体制協議会推薦＝旧立憲民政党・前⑤ | 11,296 | |
| 二田是儀 | 翼賛政治体制協議会推薦＝旧立憲政友会・新① | 11,120 | |
| 中川重春 | 非推薦〈無所属〉＝旧立憲民政党・前③ | 10,471 | |
| 中田儀直 | 翼賛政治体制協議会推薦＝旧立憲政友会・前 | 10,337 | |
| 金作之助 | 非推薦〈無所属〉＝旧立憲養正会・新 | 6,888 | |
| 古沢斐 | 非推薦＝東方会・新 | 6,540 | |
| 加賀谷保吉 | 非推薦〈無所属〉＝旧立憲民政党・新 | 5,992 | |
| 畠山重勇 | 非推薦〈無所属〉＝旧立憲民政党・新 | 2,985 | |
脚注
関連項目
外部リンク
| 公職 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 先代： 高橋是清 |  大蔵大臣第34代：1936 - 1936 | 次代： 馬場鍈一 |
| 先代： 松本烝治 | 商工大臣 第11代：1934 - 1936 | 次代： 川崎卓吉 |
| 先代： 早速整爾 山本悌二郎 | 農林大臣 第5代：1926 - 1927 第7-8代：1929 - 1931 | 次代： 山本悌二郎 山本悌二郎 |
| 党職 | ||
| 先代： （結党） | 日本進歩党総裁 初代：1945 – 1946 | 次代： 幣原喜重郎 |
| 先代： 若槻禮次郎 | 立憲民政党総裁 第3代：1935 - 1940 | 次代： （解党） |
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