One lotus temple
| One lotus temple | |
|---|---|
 The main hall of a Buddhist temple | |
| The location | 5-16, Otamachi, Koufu-shi |
| Position | 35°39'N 7.2 seconds A 138°34'E 17.3 seconds coordinate: 35°39'N 7.2 seconds 138°34'E 17.3 seconds |
| Mountain | Rice Kuyama |
| Religion | The Jishu sect |
| Denomination | 単立 |
| Principal idol | Amitabha |
| Label places | The worth 108 hallowed ground 53rd |
| Cultural assets | Including the image of Buddha with his two Buddhist saints on each sides 18 Rakan image (important cultural property of the country) |
The temple where one lotus temple (いちれんじ) is located in Otamachi, Koufu-shi, Yamanashi. At a Jishu sect system temple (単立), the mountain is rice Kuyama. An Article 1 dojo studio.
Table of contents
A location and historic scenery
It is located in the central part of the Yamanashi, Kofu Basin. It is located in the southern part of Kofu city area and is located along the play tortoise street to the south from the central city area.
The present location was Odamachi, Kofu-shi, but the historic site was 2, Chuo, Koufu-shi where current Kofu Castle trace was located and was located on the independence hill called the Article 1 hill. The Article 1 hill was a hill integral with Atagoyama [1], but it is thought that it is the topography which became an independent hill by the erosion by the river including Arakawa, Aikawa. I hit the basin bottom that is easy to receive flood damage although the remains from Jomon period of the Burial Mound age to the Burial Mound age are seen from the current Kofu-shi center city area, and it is thought that the domiciliation was late.
History
Foundation of one lotus temple
源義清, Kiyomitsu descendant was aboriginal in the various places throughout the basin from the Hitachi country late in the Heian era, and it spread out as power of worth Genji, and, in the northwestern part, 一条忠頼 which was Nobuyoshi Takeda who was Soriyo of worth Genji and the descendant and Itagaki and sincerity, Ariyoshi Takeda and others were aboriginal from the basin center. I play an active part in a revolt of the Jisho era, the Juei era, and the whole families of Nobuyoshi and others worth Genji participate in the Kamakura Shogunate foundation of Yoritomo Minamoto if it depends on "Agatsuma mirror", but they receive a purge of Yoritomo before long and decline.
The whole families of worth Genji believe in Buddhism including the Yawata faith that is Genji patron saint and are converted to the Jishu sect and Takashi Nichiren, new Buddhism including the Zen Buddhism for Kamakura period, and temples and various incarnations of the Buddha related to the worth Genji whole families including Ganjoji and Daishoji, light emission temple and Hozenji in Yamanashi are distributed.
The forerunner of one lotus temple was a house of 一条忠頼, and it was said that 忠頼 was murdered than Yoritomo Minamoto, and one lotus temple was the nunnery which was erected because 忠頼夫人 prayed ("worth country will").
One lotus temple of the Middle Ages
The Jishu sect that one time founded in the Kamakura era is civilized in the worth country by an other Ama religion, and others flatter it, and the regional base temples such as request for designation temple (Misakacho, Fuefuki-shi), Sainen temple (Fujiyoshida-shi), the Nagaizumi temple (Sutamacho, Hokuto-shi) are true on の pilgrimage road including one lotus temple. The sincerity was converted to an Ama religion other than a Jishu sect Nisei in children of Nobuyoshi Takeda at Article 1 time of the Nobumitsu descendant of the worth protection, and, as for the sect sincerity (the law Amitabha first day of a month) of the sincerity younger brother, it was a pupil of the true teachings at time, and it was converted to the Jishu sect dojo studio in (1312) in the Masakazu first year, and one lotus temple was founded ("worth country will"). Monzen-cho around one lotus temple was formed for Kamakura, the Muromachi period [2]
The Buddhist priest of the Jishu sect plays a role as the camp monk including a memorial service and the bearer of a flag of truce of the messenger in the battlefield, the body processing, and it is said that a camp monk of one lotus temple accompanied it when Morofuyu Kono said to that I was converted to the Jishu sect in the disturbance of the Kano era for period in north and south morning if it depends on "Taihei note" fought against Noriaki Uesugi in Susawa castle (Oarashi, Minamiarupusu-shi).
Domestic unification by protection Takeda advanced for the war-torn country period, and a protection place was transferred to Kofu (1519) in August for Eisho era 16 years of Nobutora Takeda period by Kawada building (Isawacho, Fuefuki-shi), and the castle town which based on azalea ヶ 崎館 (Takeda, Koufu-shi) was formed. The Article 1 hill where one lotus temple was located was the south end of the Takeda castle town, and, as for Takeda, a fort for the Fuchu defense was built on the Article 1 hill with strong position Yamashiro and Yumura Yamashiro of the castle town fringe (1524) on June 16 for Taiei era four years and, in one lotus temple, was moved to the foot of a mountain of the Article 1 hill ("高白斎記").
Monzen-cho of one lotus temple and worth Zenko-ji (Ichizenkouji, Kofu) of the Shiroshita eastern part was contained in the Takeda castle town by castle town maintenance by Takeda. The 31-syllable Japanese poem party that I invite the court noble whom I worked as for bottoms from Kyoto is carried out in one lotus temple for Harunobu (Shingen) period.
One early modern lotus temple
It is constructed a castle, and Kofu Castle transfers one lotus temple to current Odamachi, Kofu-shi by a daimyo of Tokugawa and Toyotomi who governed worth after extinction of Takeda in the early modern times line on the Article 1 hill. The remains considered to be related to a gravestone and the temple including the stone mill in the excavation of the Kofu Castle trace are excavated.
The whole Shimpu around the Kofu Castle was formed in the early modern times, the Edo era, and wall Kuo done merchant place (in Shimoko) was formed in Joto, Kofu in three ノ moats. The tortoise shop seat which is a playhouse late in Edo is installed in Midoricho approaching the south in Shimoko in a tradesman's town near a temple lined with temples such as 信立寺 of one lotus temple and luster temple, Takashi Nichiren temple and is located in the penumbra of Kofu Shiroshita, and the main hall of a Buddhist temple of one lotus temple is described in a background in "甲府繁盛之図" placed in the "Kofu shopping teach-yourself book" beginning which is a commercial and industrial directory of Kofu Shiroshita published in (1854) for Kaei era seven years.
It became the base temple in the worth as a subordinate temple of the cleanliness light temple which was Motoyama in the early modern times and held subordinate temple 20, minor Zen temple 20. When one lotus temple chief priest was hospitalized in the early modern times, there was the established custom that a Shinto priest of Myojin, Sumiyoshi (Sumiyoshi, Kofu-shi) acted as guidance [3]. The main hall of a Buddhist temple is destroyed by fire in the culture year.
One lotus temple of 近現代
The Masaki Inari Shinto shrines which were the middle shrine of one lotus temple in the garden in the park which a former precincts place was transferred to Yamanashi in the play tortoise park adjacent to one current lotus temple in (1874) in 1874, and was maintained existed and opened the zoo (zoo attached to the current Kofu-shi play tortoise park). Yamanashi prefectural assembly was held (1876) in one lotus temple in November in 1877, and members of the Diet of Shiro Fujimura and the door heads of a ward of the prefectural government order gathered, and the proceedings were performed in the main hall of a Buddhist temple.
The Kofu city is destroyed by fire, and the main hall of a Buddhist temple is destroyed by fire at this time, too, and I am rebuilt (1945) in postwar period for from July 6 to July 7 for 1,945 years by Kofu air raid. I begin the treasure of a temple such as "one lotus temple death register" or "Buddha 18 Rakan image" and possess lotus temple documents at one.
The masonry such as 70 five-ring towers of the early modern times period, 宝篋印塔 6 tower is excavated from north and south morning (廃般舟院跡地出土墓石群), and it is moved to one lotus temple precinct now in Ise, Kofu-shi in (1981) in 1981 by 廃般舟院跡地 which is an annex.
Inazumi Shrine
Inazumi Shrine (庄城稲荷) was located to the south of one lotus temple and I was originally located on the Article 1 hill with one lotus temple and 般舟院 and moved with the move of one lotus temple in the present location. Inazumi Shrine was believed in as a patron saint of worth Genji and became independent as Masaki Inari Meishin with gods and Buddha separation of (1868) in 1868. The original ノ tree festival which is annual festival is held every year in May.
The picture that drew one lotus temple
Kuniyoshi Utagawa of the ukiyoe artist draws "甲州一蓮寺地内正木稲荷之略図" in a series of absorption in large size backed by Masaki Inari late in the Edo era. There is the personal possession book of two points of "Koshu library" book (Yamanashi Prefectural museum possession) others in the biography book located in Yamanashi, and Showa round is in the first half, and postwar, Haruo Ueno, Hiroshi Ishikawa and others introduce Jiro Noguchi. There are the Izumiya City soldier of the Imperial Guard of the publication in Edo wholesale dealer, a change of seal (名主双印) of "Muramatsu" "Yoshimura", and, as for the signature, the publication is estimated "Kuniyoshi Ichiyuusai" with kind of the personal possession book during (1851) for Kaei era five years from (1848) for Koka era four years at the publication time [4]. It is thought that 国芳 visits the worth country in the same year [5].
The long-sleeved kimono figure that a woman by the one is drawn in FIG. 3 each, and the central woman is showy. Turn to the right with the kimono figure of the Japanese quince crest, and the woman of the left-hand figure puts the right hand on the chest and has a Japanese towel to the left hand. It is written down to the Japanese towel with "Murata", and a Murata shop of the village Kotaro Taya others cigarette dealer of the publication dealer exists, and connection has it pointed out by Kofu Shiroshita if it depends on "Kofu shopping teach-yourself book" [6]. In addition, there is Toyokuni Utagawa "甲州善光寺境内之図初午" to the ukiyoe print which I described famous place, worth Zenko-ji (Ichizenkouji, Kofu) of Kofu Shiroshita published during (1852) for Kaei era five years from (1847) for Koka era four years in for three generations, and a letter of "Murata" is seen in this. The Toyokuni cherry blossom had interchange with village Kotaro Taya and visited Kofu before the Ansei era [7]. The cityscape which a flag (flag) and a fire watchtower rise is drawn in the background, and Midoribashi crosslinking Nigorigawa where the playhouse thought to be the tortoise shop seat flows through the boundary of Midoricho (Wakamatsucho, Kofu-shi) and Yanagi-cho (Chuo, Kofu-shi) to the right side is described in the left side. Snowcapped Mount Fuji is drawn in the rear. A 31-syllable Japanese poem is written down to the screen left and is written down in the upper part of the bridge drawn on the screen right with "みどりばし".
The woman of the right figure puts a cigarette in turning left, the left hand with a kimono figure of the vertical stripes and has a long pipe on the right hand. The scene which a red torii affected in the background is described, and I am considered to be Masaki Inari [8]. The woman of the figure of center turns to the left with a long-sleeved kimono figure of the floral design and points to the right with the left hand. One lotus temple precinct are described in the background, and a 31-syllable Japanese poem is written down on the left side.
The 31-syllable Japanese poem of the figure of center is similar with two kinds of the Koshu pocket edition, individual possession, but only the 31-syllable Japanese poem of the left-hand figure is different from Koshu pocket edition in a personal possession book kind. Three 31-syllable Japanese poems of the figure of center "the shining sun もす ゝ do it go Yoshioka building of the Hachisu leaf which a shadow of Fuji not to know at time floats of the Masaki enjoying the cool breeze sixth lunar month." As for the sixth lunar month, is equivalent in current about June, and "Fuji not to know at time" means that snow of the out of season is piled up in Fuji; of "the Ise story" the 31-syllable Japanese poem "mountain not to know at time is words collecting of snow はふるらむ in peak いつとてか fawn spot of Fuji". It "is pointed out that the lotus (Hachisu) suggests the pond of one lotus temple [9], and "I see the back, and Fuji writes down the tradition that it seemed to me in the moat of the Kofu castle which is the historic site of one lotus temple by a cold talk".
The 31-syllable Japanese poem of the left-hand figure is Koshu pocket edition, and "I do it of the drum of 芝居之遠景狂言, but I see it and ask an oar, and hang it on chopsticks day and high けん 紙廻屋" "is one of the Imperial reign with individual possession book kind I do whether you write and keep it, and you do it and come willow green and town はつ ゝ and write down the contents which are different from a shop of the paper", but "I do it, but the point where the phrase of chopsticks" (Suruga Bridge) is composed on is common with "the shop of the paper" of the author. Unknown about "the shop of the paper" of the author [10]. As for "the Suruga Bridge in Kofu Shiroshita," there are views (1839) in "Suruga Bridge restoration allowance deposit funds book custody 覚 (頼生文庫) to change" Tenpo era ten years, but the details including the position ignorance [11].
Among three kinds of figures, it has it pointed out with Koshu pocket edition and one kind of personal possession book that the striped pattern of the kimono of the woman of the left-hand figure is crude by the Koshu pocket edition [12], but, on the other hand, the frame of a change of seal, the trademark suffers a loss with individual possession book kind. As for the context double from the comparison of the contents of an iconographic Buddhist image, the 31-syllable Japanese poem, missing [13].
Cultural assets
Important cultural property
- This silk work-colored image of Buddha with his two Buddhist saints on each sides 18 Rakan image 3 width - June 29, 2010 designation [14]
- A product of the Kamakura era. As for the dimensions, cloth of medium width is 107.8 centimeters in height, 57.6 centimeters in width. The left width is 105.9 centimeters in height, 57.0 centimeters in width. The right width is 105.4 centimeters in height, 56.9 centimeters in width.
- Buddha to perform sitting with crossed legs (けっかふざ) in lotus sitting to cloth of medium width, Bodhisattva of Wisdom of 騎獅, a Samantabhadra-bodhisattva of 騎象 are created. Rakan by nine is arranged for right and left width. Buddha links 施無畏印 to the red canonical robe with the finger of the long pick; 像容 static; it has it pointed out to resemble the Buddha image of the temple library to praise [15]. Fugen has the lotus flower which it put 経冊 on, and, as for the Bodhisattva of wisdom and intellect, it has a priest's staff pointed out by the right hand to resemble an image of Buddha with his two Buddhist saints on each sides image of Kencho-ji Temple (Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa). Two attendants follow Buddha and two followers. It is pointed out that Rakan is common to the image of Buddha with his two Buddhist saints on each sides 18 Rakan image of the deer emperor (Kyoto-shi, Kyoto). There is a canopy on the head of Buddha, and five colors of clouds boil in the nimbus rear. The point where blue flame is described in on the halo of Buddha is characterized by [16].
- As for the original drawing, it was thought with 請来 done Chinese Soong former image in the Kamakura era, but the technique to use many gold paint for the body of the Amitabha image is the place that is not seen in a Chinese work, and it is thought that a Buddhist painting of south Soong was produced in Japan in this father として, Kamakura era. [17][18] [19] [20]
Yamanashi designated tangible cultural property
- 紙本著色渡唐天神像
- 渡唐天神像 of the age of civil strife. Biography Shingen Takeda writing brush, a tribute to Shudon Tetsuzan. Dimensions are 121.9cm in height, 49.7cm in width. The typical iconographic Buddhist image that turned to the front, and carried the branch of the plum with it on laying upon, the right hand in front of theater wings. An arabesque sentence is drawn on a cowl and the clothes with gold paint, and the pattern of the Ome wave is drawn on the green tract of land. The original drawing was transmitted in the Takedas if it depends on an inscription sentence of the upper screen, and Shingen Takeda copies it for the war-torn country period, and it is said that I did oblation in one lotus temple. 室町時代の応永29年（1422年）に甲斐守護武田信重が惟肖得巖など五山の僧に賛を依頼し、賛文の上三段は元図にあったものを筆写している。
- 絹本著色柳沢吉保像
- 甲斐国主・柳沢吉保の肖像。絹本着色[21]。寸法は縦140.8 cm、横92.8 cm[22]。奥絵師・狩野常信による筆[23]。画面左上に印「吉保」「羽林次将」がある[24]。柳沢吉保の公用日記『楽只堂年録』（らくしどうねんろく）元禄16年（1702年）条に拠れば、吉保は元禄15年（1701年）に三幅の吉保肖像を作成し、本像はそのうちの一幅目にあたる[25]。ほかに韮崎市清哲町青木の常光寺、奈良県大和郡山市（旧地は甲府市岩窪町）の永慶寺に伝来した三像があり、いずれも吉保自身が着賛したという[26]。
- 本像をはじめ吉保の肖像は、正徳4年（1714年）の吉保没後に吉保子息・吉里によりゆかりの寺院に奉納された。『楽只堂年録』によれば、一蓮寺には本像とともに「勧修作福念仏図説」と目録が奉納されたとしているが、これは伝存していない[27]。
- 黒袍の束帯姿で高麗縁の上畳に座し、右手に笏を持ち、左腰に太刀を佩く[29]。前には黒漆若松文の文机があり、上には青表紙に金泥で梅と小禽が描かれた『古今和歌集』が置かれている[30]。吉保による賛文では霊元上皇により秀作と評された和歌二首「あらしふく 生駒の山の 秋の雲 くもりみはれみ 月そふけゆく」「朝日影 さらすてつくり つゆちりて かきねにみたす 玉河のさと」を記している[31]。元禄16年『和歌百首 霊元院加点』（柳沢文庫所蔵）では霊元上皇が添削した吉保の詠歌百首が記されており、一蓮寺像の二首には二重の合点が付せられている[32]。同本には公家の正親町公通の吉保宛所蔵が付属し、吉保が政務のなか和歌に励んだことを霊元上皇が評価していたことを記している[33]。
- 本像は常光寺本と同一の図像であり、同一の粉本を使用されたことが指摘される[34]。両者を比較すると、常光寺は甲斐源氏・一条時信の後裔とされる武川衆・青木氏の菩提寺で、常光寺本では吉保の前に軍令の文書が置かれ、賛文は『史記』高祖本紀から引用された漢詩が記されており、吉保が甲斐源氏の後裔であることを強調した武家的な肖像であることが指摘される[35]。対して一蓮寺は甲斐源氏ゆかりの寺であると同時に連歌が盛んであった寺であることから、吉保と和歌の関わりを示す肖像であることが指摘される[36]。
- 絹本著色束帯天神像
- 絹本著名柿本人麻呂像
- 一蓮寺過去帳 - 昭和58年12月26日指定
- 南北朝期から江戸時代に至る古過去帳。紙本墨書で折り本。寸法は縦29.4 cm、横10.2 cm。僧帳・尼帳・新帳の三帖から成り、僧帳は創建から寛永11年（1634年）までの男性宗徒、尼帳は創建から寛文3年（1663年）までの女性宗徒、新帳は僧帳・尼帳以降宝永2年（1705年）までの男女宗徒について、それぞれ法名（阿号）や没年月日、俗名や肩書き、居住地などの情報が記録されている。
- 僧帳・尼帳は室町期に7代住職の法阿弥陀仏（甲斐守護武田信春子）により作成されたと考えられており、甲斐武田氏の人物は伝存していない系譜資料を元に作成されたと考えられているため系譜研究にも活用されており、楯無鎧の承伝順位を記している点も注目される[37]。また職能民史や女性史など多方面で注目されている。
甲府市指定有形文化財
- 絹本墨画不動明王図
- 南北朝時代（14世紀）の絵画。寸法は縦100.0 cm、横41.4 cm[38]。武田氏に出自を持つ禅僧・龍湫周沢（りゅうしゅうしゅうたく）の作。龍湫周沢は甲斐に生まれ夢窓疎石に参じ、恵林寺（甲州市塩山小屋敷）の十代住職となる[39]。後に上京し、建仁寺・天龍寺の住職となる。龍湫周沢は鎌倉時代に詫間派の絵画を学び、「妙沢」と称して不動明王像を多く描いたという[40]。本像は箱蓋裏の墨書によれば、一蓮寺の二十八代住職の頃に奥野浄貞遺族により寄進されたものであるという[41]。
- 絹本著色阿弥陀三尊来迎図
- 絹本著色阿弥陀三尊来迎図
- 絹本著色釈迦如来十八羅漢像
- 廃般舟院墓石群外出土品一式
- 1981年（昭和56年）に境内の水道工事に際して、一蓮寺の子院般舟院跡地（廃般舟院遺跡）から出土した五輪塔・宝篋印塔群。いずれも銘文から般舟院に伝来したものと判断され、同じ中世期の石造物は一蓮寺境内に現存する阿弥陀如来像・地蔵菩薩像や旧地の一条小山から出土した五輪塔・宝篋印塔・石仏が存在している。現在は一蓮寺境内において管理されている。
1994年に本堂の一角に宝物館「遊故館」が開設された。事前申し込みにより見学が可能。
脚注
- ^ 「愛宕山」は近世期の呼称で、中世期の呼称は不明。
- ^ 一蓮寺門前町については秋山敬「一蓮寺門前町の成立」『武田氏研究』第19号、1998
- ^ 宝永2年（1705年）11月付「一蓮寺住持入院につき口上書」今沢家文書、『山梨県史』資料編13近世6下全県
- ^ 石川（2010）、p.163
- ^ 野口『甲斐拾遺』
- ^ 野口『甲斐拾遺』
- ^ 野口『甲斐拾遺』
- ^ 石川（2010）、p.163
- ^ 石川（2010）、p.167
- ^ 石川（2010）、p.166
- ^ 石川（2010）、p.166
- ^ 石川（2010）、p.164
- ^ 石川（2010）、pp.165 - 166
- ^ 平成22年6月29日文部科学省告示第97号
- ^ 『祈りのかたち-甲斐の信仰-』p.148
- ^ 『祈りのかたち-甲斐の信仰-』p.148
- ^ 釈迦三尊十八羅漢像（文化遺産データベース）
- ^ 山梨の文化財ガイド 絵画
- ^ 釈迦三尊十八羅漢像 甲府市ホームページ
- ^ 「新指定の文化財」『月刊文化財』561号、pp.12 - 13
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.159
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.159
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 『柳沢吉保と甲府城』、p.144
- ^ 一蓮寺過去帳を用いた武田家系図の検討については、西川広平「武田氏系図の成立」、楯無鎧については、西川広平「楯無鎧の伝承をめぐって」『小桜韋威鎧 兜・大袖付 復元調査報告書 －楯無鎧の謎を探る－』（山梨県立博物館調査・研究報告1、2007年））
- ^ 『甲斐源氏 列島を駆ける武士団』、p.153
- ^ 『甲斐源氏 列島を駆ける武士団』、pp.153 - 154
- ^ 『甲斐源氏 列島を駆ける武士団』、p.154
- ^ 『甲斐源氏 列島を駆ける武士団』、p.154
参考文献
- 望月真澄「時宗」『山梨県史』通史編4近世2
- 秋山敬「一蓮寺過去帳にみえる合戦記事」 『甲斐路』85号、1996年
- 秋山敬「一蓮寺門前町の成立」 『武田氏研究』19号、1998年
- 秋山敬「塔頭数の変遷からみた一蓮寺」 『武田氏研究』42号、2010年
- 石川博「国芳の「一蓮寺」浮世絵と水面の富士」『甲斐 第121号』山梨郷土研究会、2010年
- 坂本美夫「山梨県の中世石仏-一蓮寺二尊石仏龕-」『戦国大名武田氏と甲斐の中世』磯貝正義先生追悼論文集刊行会、2011年
- 高野修「一蓮寺過去帳」『藤沢市史研究』16号
- 山梨県の文化財（県公式サイト内）（2012年2月25日閲覧）
- 甲府市内の文化財一覧（市公式サイト内）（2012年2月25日閲覧）
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