Finnish national emblem
| Finnish national emblem | |
|---|---|
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| The details | |
| User | Finland |
| Adoption | 1978 |
To a Finnish national emblem (body of Finland occurs), the golden lion which performed a coronation is created by Akachi. The right forefoot are replaced with an arm raising a sword, and the hind leg stamps a sword. In addition, nine silver roses are inlaid the rotation of the lion with. It is 1978 that this national emblem was established formally, but understands what have been already made before 1580.
Table of contents
Background
Lion to be seen in a North European national emblem
A lot of crests which a lion is drawn are some European nations, and a lion is created to a national emblem in Europe. A lion was drawn to the Danish national emblem of the late twelfth century in Nordic countries for the first time. In the early twelfth century, the ground of Finland was considered to be a genus state by the Kingdom of Sweden. A crest using the lions was a crest of the Eric tenth and the Eric eleventh of the Swedish imperial family in Sweden, and two of them, three lions were described each first. The king Valdemar who was the first King of the フォルクンガ morning drew three lions on own crest. Behind three lions, a design of much heart is drawn.
Finnish dukedom era
To the first crest of Finnish public King Benedict and Prince Valdemar of the second generation, I put on the crown, and the lion which stood is described in a hind leg. This crest resembles a current Finnish national emblem closely, but does not yet have a sword.
Arm with the sword
In the times of the Johan third who was King of Finland and Karelia (is renamed to a Finnish grand duke in 1577), the lion was related to the crest of the grand duke closely. It is thought that the crest of the grand duke put イェータ lion (フォルクンガ lion a model) and a national emblem of Karelia together. As a result, that the lion raises a sword by one arm, and stamp a falling sword; was designed.
The crest of the grand duke known to best was carved with to a gravepost of the Gustav first in the Uppsala sanctuary. It is informed that the Eric 14th of the elder brother by a different father of Johan third or him devised it. I do not know which devised it exactly, but it is known that the Eric 14th was interested in heraldry.
This gravepost was produced by Guillaume ボイエン which played an active part in an architect, the sculptor of Frandre in Sweden. He started work in Antwerp in 1562, and the sarcophagus was not carried to Uppsala for his money matter until 1583 although a statue of the King and Queen was completed ten years later. It is about 1591 that it was completed. I add it to a Swedish national emblem and a Finnish national emblem to a gravestone, and north and south Finland, タバスティア, the crest of 11 states including Karelia are created. The work of Guillaume ボイエン was a very splendid thing, but, as for it, it is thought that a lion was characteristic in a French crest as a cause. Probably this is because it is thought that he made a lot of crests of the lion before receiving work of the king.
A lion of the money which performed a coronation has a sword with the right forefoot and raises it to the crest, and a state stamping the Russian saber is described in a hind leg, but this is not a particularly surprising thing if I think about the Gustav first and the Johan third saying to a fight with Russia that they had a hard fight. Nine roses are inlaid the rotation of the lion with. It is thought that this is simple decoration, but the hypothesis to express nine historic states of Finland exists.
Change of the national emblem
Times in Sweden
The lion experienced the change of the design many times in the 17th century. I stepped on the saber with three legs except the arm to hold a sword in on the flag for the funeral service of curl tenth Gustav. It is about the late 19th century that Uppsala lion came to be used for a Finnish national emblem again.
Russian Empire Era
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The Finnish national emblem which was drawn in the crest of the tsar
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Finnish national emblem (the lower right) which was drawn in a small crest of Russian Empire
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I can look at the Finnish national emblem in a list of crests of Russian Empire (the lower right)
After Finland was the second Russia Sweden war and was done cession in Russia, Eric Brenner made a new national emblem as a Finnish symbol in Russian Empire. Silver roses were studded with by Akachi, and the crest had a sword by the right hand and, in laws and ordinances given in 1809, was changed in form to catch the Russian saber with the left hand. The interpretation to stamp the Russian saber here became extinct.
At the time of a crest modification of 1857 of Russia, the Finnish national emblem was changed again. The main change was to have picked up a lion having become the looks similar to the dog and the small arched crown which treated an eagle on the crest.
Because a tsar pushed forward a Russianization of Finland, the use of this Finnish national emblem increases and will be widely known to the nation widely.
In 1886, I reconstituted the appearance of the curl ボマンソン はに national emblem of Finnish National Archives in the design similar to the Uppsala lion. However, at the point where a lion stamped the saber, there were some changes. In addition, the crown of the Russian model was exchanged for the crown similar to a German thing. This crest was used after independence in Finland for several years.
Independent initial
To 1920 through 30 charges, the national emblem became the disputatiousness. It was to say whether it changed the lion to the bear. In Finnish folklore, the bear was important factor. A bear has been already used as a crest of north Finland in 1557, and a bear is drawn to the crest of the サタクンタ prefecture now. However, in the countries except Finland, the bear was recognized as a Russian symbol. This debate continued smoldering, but the national emblem of the lion continued being used afterwards. In 1936, a committee established the branch of the tree under the national emblem of the small lion as compromise plan and suggested the design which by one located a bear to both sides. However, this design was not used. [1]
Present
A current national emblem was established in laws and ordinances of (381/78) on May 26, 1978. オロフ Erikson who was the specialist in crest design made it.
The lion drawn to the national emblem is used in a 1 markka coin and a Finnish euro coin. Besides, I am used as the armed forces, a symbol of various organizations including the police. Various changes are made on this occasion to express the characteristic of the organization. On the other hand, the crest of the Finnish local government is a shield type, but the lion is not drawn. (except the Jacobus terdoh)
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A Finnish navy seventh missile corps: A lower part of the body becomes the fish and has a three-pronged pike.
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Finnish army gunner brigade: I have a cannon.
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A Finnish army NBC weapons technology school: The state having a shield means the protection from a nuclear, biological, chemical weapon.
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The Finnish army: The sword which crossed behind the Finnish national emblem of the green tract of land is drawn.
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Finnish Defence Force international center: I have a stick.
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Finnish National Defense University: The rose which is the rank badge of the Finnish officer has a drawn shield.
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The Finnish police: The handle of the sword becomes the lion.
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Army technical education center in Finland: A lion is drawn on the anvil.
References cited
- ^ Pikku Jättiläinen. WSOY 1985. ISBN 951-0 - 12,416-8. Page 1040.
References
- Talvio, Tuukka. The Lion of Finland. ISBN 951-616-040-9.
Allied item
Outside link
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