Beach crape
The generic name of the high-quality silk fabrics that the beach crapes (はまちりめん) are produced around Nagahama-shi, Shiga. Local industry of Shiga. It is one of the two major production centers of the crape with Tango crape.
Table of contents
History
Ancient
It is old and, according to the ancient documents ("a description of folk history" and "a topographical record"), "lets Oomi country begins ordering elsewhere and weave figured silk" for (712 years) for Wado five years of the Emperor Genmei. It is written, "Mitsugu does silk from a country of Hitoshi Oomi" for (887 years) for Ninna three years of the Emperor Koko. In addition, there is it in silk thread production by the record of the Heian era with a country of the first on the list from Kamiitou, and silk fabrics are woven in Oomi from the ancient times, and know that produced good-quality threads [1]; [2].
Edo era
As for the "crape" texture, the workman of the Daimei country comes (from 1573 to 1591) in Quanzhou Sakai in the Tensho era year, and it is told Japan to have been informed it. The center of the "crape" production moved to Kyoto (west camp) after world unification by Hideyoshi Toyotomi from Sakai, and was informed by Kaya valley and the peak mountain of Tango the "crape" technique (from 1716 to 1735) a year the Kyoho era [1]; [2].
The opening of "the beach crape" is in the middle of the Edo era, and a technique is brought than Tango by Rinsuke Nakamura and Inui Shokuro of the Oomi Asai county Osato village (existing Nagahama-shi, Shiga), and it is collected cargo in Nagahama, and "a crape" woven as the manual industry in the south Beach of the large village, Nakahama, Yagi Beach is considered that I was sold in Kyoto, the Osaka area. Because is "a crape" of Nagahama; called the beach crape (Nagahama crape) [1] [2] [3] [4] [5].
Rinsuke Nakamura and Inui Shokuro
Great village Nanba whom Rinsuke Nakamura and Inui Shokuro were born as became impoverished so as not to put the land tax rice by a flood caused by the flooding of the river at Ane River and high time to often take place either. I planted the mulberry which resisted a flood and laid emphasis on sericulture, but a price of the raw silk fell in the middle of Edo era, and the villages around Osato reached the extremity of the poverty. Forest assistant と Shokuro was wanting to do something about this state and went to Tango to learn the technique of the "crape" texture from 商人庄右衛門 of Tango Miyazu where I came to to hear a story, "a farmer came to be better off after I began a "crape" texture in Tango" at once to buy an egg card for Yagi-mura on a neighborhood and had 庄右衛門 come from Tango again and conveyed a technique to people of the village. Forest assistant と Shokuro began that I wove "a crape" in the slack season for farmers and also sold it after having given a notice to the Hikone feudal clan which was a feudal lord (January, 1753) in age of an emperor December, 2. This is informed it with the beginning of "the beach crape", and two people of Rinsuke Nakamura and Inui Shokuro are said to be the founder of "the beach crape" [1]; [2] [4] [5].
The production of "crape" textures spread from around large village through the whole Nagahama immediately and came to be sold in Kyoto through Lake Biwa. In contrast, because suppliers of Kyoto accused it at Kyoto-cho prefect as "the thing which disturbed their business", and they appeared, I excused it saying forest assistant と Shokuro "saved the hardships of the village not personal gain" (as for what sold beach crape in Kyoto), but arrest has been made to go to prison after sale in Kyoto was forbidden without being permitted. There is the work from the Hikone feudal clan which is an appeal and the feudal lord of the villager and is finally let loose four years later, and the sale in Kyoto of "the beach crape" will be recognized, too. Because forest assistant と Shokuro beat great joy, the west camp then, I called their crapes with "Masaru Nishi crape". The Hikone feudal clan praised an achievement of forest assistant と Shokuro and appointed two people the weaver of "the beach crape" and I let you inspect the product and gave a special privilege of the royalty collection. Because the goods of poor quality which were not provided could not sell the seal of approval of the weaver, could get the creditworthiness to a product, and the Hikone feudal clan aimed at "Beach crape" for the tribute, and in this way developed as an important special product as a result that a feudal clan protected it [1]; [2] [3] [4] [5]. "The beach crape" was sold in the whole country by a merchant from Omi particularly the merchant of the lake east district.
I it after the Meiji era
Because the Meiji era began and was made the mass production of inferior goods when protection, the control by the Hikone feudal clan disappeared, I lost trust very much at one time in the whole country. However, an Oomi crepe crinkled silk business association was founded (1886) in March in 1886 by a Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce law and developed as one of the important local industry by an instruction study and mechanization promotion by the control by the association and the support of the prefecture to date. Exhibit "Beach crape" (1915) in an open international exposition in San Francisco in 1915, and Shiga intended export, but export did not become popular [1]; [2] [3].
Characteristic
- "The beach crape" is based on an expensive rather heavy plain textile of シボ (wrinkle on the cloth such as ripples) using strong thread plying. "The Tango crape" is based on a fabric with a mosaic waving pattern thing such as the embroidered silk that has begun to weave a pattern in flat fabric.
- For a kind, "the fancy weaving crape" which changed wove a warp weft by a process of twisting it using a silk spinning thread "an ancient crape" "the skipping a step crape" of the high highest grade of シボ; "spin Beach"; がある.
Footnote
- ^ a b c d e f "beach crape" (Nagahama crepe industry cooperative 1972)
- ^ a b c d e f "beach crape history magazine" (Nagahama crepe industry cooperative 1962)
- ^ a b c "Shiga encyclopedia" (Shiga encyclopedia publication society Yamato Publishing 1984)
- Clause (Shiga education society 1951) of the ^ a b c "leading spirit P12 "founder of the Nagahama crepe" of Oomi"
- Clause (Linchuan Bookstore 1976) of ^ a b c "Oomi person biography" P42 "Rinsuke Nakamura Inui Shokuro"
Outside link
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Beach crape
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