Urban agriculture
I distinguish existing agriculture from the agriculture in suburban areas around the city in particular while harmonizing with a city in a city and say urban agriculture.
Table of contents
Definition
On the agricultural production side, I often consider it to be urban agriculture with the area of the city used by agriculture and forestry statistics ("the area of the city" occupies 25% of number of the total farmhouses, 27% of all cultivated area areas). On the other hand, it is often said with "urban agriculture" referring to agriculture performed in area designated for urbanization because the handling is greatly different from the area designated for urbanization of Town Planning and Zoning Act Article 7 in the as to farmland taxation system in other area. [1][2]
※I point to any of the following which is area classification to use for agriculture and forestry statistics with the area of the city (agriculture area type).
・The DID (and, about Densely Inhabited District= densely populated district) national census base unit ward is adjacent each other more than high (approximately 4,000 /k 平方メートル of the population density the district where the population becomes more than 5,000) area among habitableness places is more than 5%; more than 500 population density or DID a population of; more than 20000 old city and district municipalities or cities, towns and villages.
・Old city and district municipalities such as the residential land among habitableness places with more than of rate in more than 60% 500 population density or cities, towns and villages. But having more than 80% of forest-to-land ratio thing is excluded.
Role
I was considered to be "the thing which should become residential land" about area designated for urbanization and local farmland drawn the line between in the Town Planning and Zoning Act top and was placed that I became extinct sometime soon.
However, the multifaceted value of there being farmland in the city area with the passage of times came to be recognized, and even the questionnaires for city inhabitants came to have a loud voice for the continuation of the city farmland. [2]
I greatly switched a policy from "the thing which you should make residential land" to "the thing which there should be" about the farmland which received the above-mentioned scenery, and remained in the area designated for urbanization in "urban agriculture promotion basic plan" of the cabinet decision in "Basic Law for urban agriculture promotion" 2016 of the establishment in 2015. I impose duty so that a measure to keep city farmland in good condition premeditatedly in each metropolis and districts, basic local government is taken.
It may be said that the point that I do when urban agriculture and the city farmland have a role to improve the problem of cities such as recreation or education, the welfare, the disaster prevention such as an allotment, the sightseeing farm without remaining in a food production is characteristic.
Roles of the urban agriculture include the next element.
- Supply of fresh, safe farm products
- Offer of the place of the imminent agriculture experience, interchange activity
- Security of the disaster prevention space at the time of the disaster
- Offer of the green tract of land space bringing an ease and moisture
- Country, environmental maintenance
- Breeding of the understanding to the agriculture of city inhabitants
New measure about the urban agriculture promotion
I retain urban agriculture and show three directionality by the urban agriculture promotion basic plan as a measure to let you promote it
１．Security of the leading figure
A variety of leading figures are necessary for the stable continuation of the urban agriculture
◆Person (including 新規就農者) having will of the farming
◆The food-related company which cooperates with a person of urban agriculture
◆The companies which can present the business that captured the needs of city inhabitants
２．Securing of land
◆I place city farmland as "the thing which there should be" and keep it in good condition premeditatedly (I include the farmland purchase by the local government and measures in the taxation system)
◆I examine the cooperation with the action for the compact city
◆I examine the way of the land utility plan system including the improvement of master plan of the city farmland maintenance
３．Full-scale development of the agriculture measure
◆For city farmland told to keep it in good condition, I switch a policy so that a full-scale agriculture promotion measure is taken
The concrete measure (characteristic thing) that you should take
・Promotion of the participation in urban agriculture promotion of the private enterprise
・Admission (reverse drawing) to the controlled urbanization zone of the farmland in the area designated for urbanization that you should keep
・Examination of the way of the inheritance tax tax payment postponement about the loaned designated agricultural plot
・Promotion of the offer of the place where the citizen including an allotment, the agriculture park can be concerned with agriculture
History
From the late 30s of the Showa era through the 40s and
In a process of the rapid economic growth, the chaotic broadening of the city area worsens as the problem that becoming it is common to nationwide
1968
The Town Planning and Zoning Act establishment area designated for urbanization is placed as "the area where I have already opened a city area in and the area where city should plan becoming it with precedence and premeditatedly within about ten years"
1969
I carry out a policy necessary to continue farming by (notification) about "the policy about adjustment measures" about adjustment measures with the agriculture and forestry fishery to affect the authorization of the area designated for urbanization for the time being about the rearranging area designated for urbanization
1970
It revises Agricultural Land Law, and the farmland conversion permission in the area designated for urbanization becomes the report system from a permission system
1972
Local rates are revised, and, about the handling of the property tax, it is imposed residential land of the farmland in the area designated for urbanization like residential land by a point of view planning promotion of becoming it and balance of the tax burden with neighboring residential land. However, real exemption measures of the taxation on farmland equivalent to that on housing land were often carried out due to adjustment with the promotion continuation and the residential land of the opposite farming of the farmland owner, and it was considered.
1974
Designated agricultural plot law is established, and taxation on farmland equivalent to that on housing land exempts you from the farmland in the urban agricultural area.
1975
An inheritance tax tax payment postponement system is founded and does a deadline for postponement for all farmland with 20 years
1982
There is intention of long-term farming continuation more than foundation (tax payment postponement of the property tax) ten years of "the long-term, continuously-used farmland system", and the collection reprieves taxation on farmland equivalent to that on housing land and a difference with the farmland equivalency taxation once when in fact I am offered for one of the cultivation and exempts you from the amount of a tax after progress for five years
63, Showa six a year a year month
In "general land measures summary approved in a Cabinet meeting," it is the review of the division long-term, continuously-used farmland system to "a thing becoming residential land" and "a thing to keep in good condition" definitely by the farmland in the area designated for urbanization. The review of the inheritance tax tax payment postponement except the farmland which you should keep in good condition among the farmland in the area designated for urbanization.
1991
About three major urban areas needing residential land supply promotion particularly, a specific city is introduced in Special Taxation Measures Law, and designated agricultural plot law is revised in conjunction with the tax payment postponement abolition there, and, about identification City of three major urban areas, farmland taxation of the property tax and the tax payment postponements such as inheritance taxes apply only an urban agricultural area (life を condition.) To revision of the law, I arrange the positioning in the agricultural administration. Specifically, about the machine, introduction such as facilities or setting business, an effect does not limit it to a short-term thing and carries out a necessary measure depending on the local actual situation
1999
I take a measure necessary to plan the promotion of the agricultural production about a Basic Law for food, agriculture, farm village establishment city and the neighboring agriculture
March, 2005
Food, agriculture, farm village basic plan cabinet decision
2014
The main point of "city Basic Law of Agriculture" (provisionally) is suggested as legislation introduced by a Diet member from the LDP
April, 2015
In "Basic Law for urban agriculture promotion" House of Representatives plenary session the approval (is unanimous) [3] [4]
May, 2016
Urban agriculture promotion basic plan cabinet decision
Allied item
Footnote
- Summary http://www.maff.go.jp/j/nousin/kouryu/tosi_nougyo/t_gaiyo.html of the ^ Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries urban agriculture
- ^ a b Urban agriculture indispensable guide - allotment, ... (Noyama fishing village lyceum) by 新規就農, a company entry made with a city with the agriculture
- Basic Law for ^ urban agriculture promotion text http://www.maff.go.jp/j/nousin/kouryu/tosi_nougyo/t_seido/pdf/kihon_joubun.pdf
- Basic Law for ^ urban agriculture promotion summary (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) http://www.maff.go.jp/j/nousin/kouryu/tosi_nougyo/t_seido/pdf/kihon_gaiyou.pdf
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Urban agriculture
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