Sully's Haym
| Crest | Map (position of the county) |
|---|---|
 |  |
| Basic information | |
| Federal state: | Baden = ヴュルテンベルク state |
| A precinct: | Karlsruhe precinct |
| A county: | Line = Necker county |
| Latitude longitude: | 49°28'N 08°40'E |
| Altitude: | 121m above see level |
| An area: | 31.62 km² |
| Population: | 14,901 (as of December 31, 2015) [1] |
| Population density: | 471 /km² |
| A zip code: | 69198 |
| An area code: | 06203, 06220 |
| A number plate: | HD |
| Local government cord: | 08 2 26 082 |
| The address of the city hall: | Friedrichstraße 28-30 69198 Schriesheim |
| A website: | www.schriesheim.de |
| The mayor: | ハンスイェルク ヘーファー (Hansjörg Höfer) |
| Position in the county | |
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The city where Sully's Haym (Schriesheim) belongs to the Federal Republic of Germany Baden = ヴュルテンベルク state line = Necker county. There is シュトラーレンブルク castle to the building symbolizing Sully's Haym. In the local dialect, I call this town シュリーゼ (Schriese).
Table of contents
Geography
Position
Perception Zell Bach River drifting from オーデンヴァルト is located in Sully's Haym along west entrance, ベルクシュトラーセ reaching the Sully's high mer valley. The western part of city limits spreads out in the over the lane-line rift valley.
Constitution of the city
The Sully's Haym city consists of Sully's Haym, Al ten Bach, three cities and districts of ウアゼンバッハ. These were all the independent local governments at an approximately about the same area each before. The official name "transcribes it into Sully's Haym, シュタットタイル ○○"( シュタットタイル = city and district) except Sully's Haym city and district. [2], [3]
Al ten Bach is located in オーデンヴァルト of east 7km of オーデンヴァルト. I am the upper reaches of the perception Zell Bach River, but, here, this river is called Al ten Bach River same as the name of the village. After all ウアゼンバッハ is 3km from Al ten Bach northwest in オーデンヴァルト. It faces the river of the same name, but this river flows into the perception Zell Bach River in Al ten Bach.
Geological feature
What you should mention specially was an outcrop of the porphyry of the city L Berg district, and this was mined in old days. [4]In addition, silver, barite, iron sulfate were mined in the ブラーニヒ district.
Expanse of city limits
The native district historiographer estimates that Sully's Haym is counted in the oldest village in this area along with ラーデンブルク.
The areas of the city limits exceed 3,162ha. Of these, agriculture site, 58.6% are the forest residential area and traffic site (city area), 27.7% 13.1%. [5]
Adjacent cities, towns and villages
As for Sully's Haym, in the west, in ラーデンブルク, the north, in Hirsch Berg Ann デア ベルクシュトラーセ, the northeast, in ヴァインハイム, the east, in the ハイリヒクロイツシュタイナハ and Wilhelm's felt, the southeast, Heidelberg, the south border ドッセンハイム.
Climate
Sully's Haym belongs to the warmest area in Germany like Heidelberg. The precipitation increases as I go to the east from the west and changes from 650mm a year to 800mm. As for the mean temperature in the meteorological observatory of nearest Heidelberg from 1971 through 2000, 11.1 degrees Celsius, the mean annual precipitation are 745mm. The warmest month is July, and it is an average of 2.5 degrees Celsius in January mean temperature 20.1 degrees Celsius, that is the coldest. [6]
| The mean temperature according to the month of the 1971 –2000 age and mean precipitation
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Many fruit trees were damaged mainly on a plum by a damage from cold weather in 1956. Originally a lot of trees of fig grow it in the city limits from old days.
History
Ancient
Probably a settlement has been already built in the current city limits in time of the Roman Empire and is supposed when a branch office of administration city ロポドゥヌム (Lopodunum, current ラーデンブルク) of Roma at the time was put. A coin from 351 through 353 was excavated to suggest this, and the Roman activity in this area was proved later. The times changed from confusion and poverty to the times of the migration of nations to explore stability before long.
Early medieval period
As for Sully's Haym, a record in conjunction with the oblation is left in the document of the ロルシュ monastery each for 766 years of the L station wagon gene monastery for 764 years. These became the grounds of the sovereignty of the village with both monasteries later. Sully's Haym is considered to be one of the oldest towns in this area next to ラーデンブルク. A manor (villae rusticae) of Rome has been already established how many in the current Sully's Haym city in time of the Roman Empire and happens to meet the excavated article at various places. Sully's Haym became the village of the frank person at (the about mid-eighth century) in the times when the first record was left.
Middle Ages golden age
In Sully's Haym of the thirteenth century, a person of シュトラーレンベルク enlarged dominance in a clue in the right of the chief administrator and began the construction of the シュターレンブルク castle in about 1235. This land was land of the L station wagon gene monastery, and it was an illegal act obviously that a person of シュターレンベルク which was only the chief administrator built the castle. However, I couldn't but depend on others because the monastery side could not exercise it militarily to use own right. Although I managed to reach rejection of Conrad first phone シュトラーレンベルク somehow, I have been brought into the settlement by the emperor after all. In this settlement treaty concluded in 1238, I gave the Conrad first シュトラーレンブルク castle as hereditary レーエン, and it was said that his all personal assets transferred it to the monastery instead, but they became the thing of the シュトラーレンベルクs again later as hereditary system レーエン, too. Anyway, as for the right of the レーエン feudal lord, the Conrad first gained constant victory for this fight in those days although I damped.
Foundation of the city
I wished that the noble with the ambition at the time wanted to make not only the castle but also the city the private land. The Conrad first tried it to do Sully's Haym village located in the foot immediately of the シュトラーレンブルク castle in the private land from レーエン as a city with the defenses. The defensive wall that both the city and the castle enclosed the whole in addition was made in this way. I am missing at the clear time when such a city construction was accomplished, but the シュトラーレンベルク family links the name to the member of the line city alliance in 1256. The foundation of the city is supposed from 1240 through 1245 by some evidence.
After the foundation of the city, a church was built in city limits. A Protestant Church is built in this place now. The church of the village which was to the south of バッハガッセ was abolished. The city administrative office of the feudal lord was established afterwards. It is current シュターレンベルクガー ホーフ. The impressive stone building having the wall of the solid gabled roof of approximately 2m passed through approximately 700 years and is the building which is the oldest for the common customs architecture that a person lives in in outskirts area now.
After a person of シュトラーレンベルク fell, line count palatine of Heidelberg bought all dominion associated with Sully's Haym, シュトラーレンブルク castle and it on September 8, 1347. Since then Sully's Haym maintained all cities right.
City right loss of 1470
When emperor roux pre-Homo sapiens died in 1410, the Marquis election for Palatinate emperor territory was divided by four sons. Sully's Haym became the thing of youngest son Otto at the start, but the exchange of older brother Stefan and the territory which ruled ジンメルン and ツヴァイブリュッケン in 1448 was performed. This family diverged more in 1459, and Sully's Haym belonged to the family of ジンメルン. And it was done a hock for 4,000 guldens to this same age in Hans phone ジッキンゲン of the knight. フェルデンツ = ツヴァイブリュッケン count palatine Ludwig parted with Sully's Haym again in 1468.
In ヴァイセンブルガー フェーデ fought against the Marquis choice emperor Friedrich first between Ludwig phone フェルデンツ = ツヴァイブリュッケン, an attack castle war of Sully's Haym and the シュターレンブルク castle began on May 6, 1470. A castle was next first on Sunday of May 13, 1470, and a town received an attack. The winner required an indemnification of 400 guldens, and the citizen collected these through hardships. Furthermore, I avoided the destruction by fire of the town by delivering storage of all wine of the town. In addition, a defense was demolished. The tower was destroyed, and the obstacle was defeated, and the moat was filled. The grave offense criminal court of Sully's Haym was abolished, too. In three preconditions for city right, only the holding right of the market was left, but it was prohibited later after all. 承 けて Sully's Haym was placed under the jurisdiction of エプフェルバッハ ツェント, and since then this district became able to call this Sully's Haym ツェント. Sully's Haym got the market holding right again in 1579, and マタイゼマルクト (Matthew city) was held based on this.
Sully's Haym of the Thirty Years' War
The finish of the carriage for Friedrich to bring a bride was left to Sully's Haym by marriage with Friedrich fifth and Elizabeth Stewart, and brightness was slightly brought. When Friedrich was chosen as a ベーメン king in 1619, and a married couple proceeded to Prague, this carriage was used.
The people of Sully's Haym took in a bad sign and built a sentry-box in ブラニヒ in 1619 when war happened by any chance to discover it early. Sully's Haym whom the Catholic league forces which Tilley 伯 leads in 1621 invaded towards Heidelberg from the north hits it for the middle. In November, approximately 10,000 people were billeted on the area of Sully's Haym = ドッセンハイム = ラーデンブルク. Heidelberg was finally occupied by this fight and raised the number of soldiers through this area in 1622. Several youths died in this town and scraped up cost of war from the every corner and received plunder, and some buildings were destroyed. The bell was carried to Bayern as war trophies, too. However, the damage was broken off immediately because most of the storage were just usable.
However, the small army of soldiers who dropped out of a file, and committed a depredation strode in this district. Typhus spread from 1625 through 1626, and a victim appeared. An army approached 1631 again from the north. It was the Protestant Swedish military this time. When the Bayern forces carried out a sortie from Heidelberg, and they invaded Sully's Haym in the middle of September, 1631, I raised it again in Heidelberg. After this aggression, Sully's Haym became a heap of debris which sent forth simple smoke. Most houses and churches were burnt and were built along the perception Zell Bach River, and only the building where water was available immediately was rescued by flame. The army which became a homeless thief in this damaged the outskirts.
The plague occurred in 1635 and took the life of the considerable part of the inhabitants whom there became always little away. This rebuilding was an extremely slow tempo. The storage was used up, and life and economic activities with many limits were not able to find the possibility. Only the domestic animal which I evacuated in a vineyard and the forest became the art which barely survived.
The lot phosphorus gene forces came in 1643 and brought this town war again. The French militaries which テュレンヌ led in emperor national military, 1645 in 1644 dominated over this area. Soldiers oneself who completely became a thief of the thing that there was not the big battle was a big menace. What inhabitants abandon this town in 1644 although there is not it and hid myself behind for the next several years is eloquent above all, and the record about the barbarity in Sully's Haym tells you about cruelty. Inhabitants hid in the forest nearby and fled into the small village of neighboring damage. The person who survived emerged from the neighboring villages on a peaceful day and took a crop from a grape mountain and the cultivated area that grew thick on nature.
Agreement of reconciliation was linked in 1648, and the inhabitants who survived who scattered came back to the village again. But most only inherited land and a broken house and had neither the domestic animal nor the kind nor the building material. Therefore, they sold off land and land to an immigrant, and oneself cast the body for revival again. The inhabitants became less than 20% before the Thirty Years' War. But the population increased rapidly again afterwards because a Swiss of Protestant of the number that there was not little line emigrated. In approximately one century, it recovered to former population.
Sully's Haym riot
I met a Roman Catholic again in outskirts area to repair in Rome city ラーデンブルク and the next with the bishop seat, and bad reputation that Sully Haym was rebellious against a ruler grew wild until the 19th century.
The revolt for the first heavy tax happened early on October 21, 1789. Because I was able to bring these revolts under control relatively lightly, I was not inflicted with the severe penalty. The payment refusal of the land tax was accomplished in 1791 and 1794. "Sully's Haym riot" for chief administrator Nicolaus リッシンゴーロ of ツェント (district under jurisdiction of land tax collection) broke out in 1798. The change of this riot does not become clear up to the present. I tripped it, and the prison punishment for three years or two years was sentenced to Venn Dell Muller, Heinrich reel inhabitants of three Sully's Haym, Balthazar Orr, and nine were sentenced to slight freedom-restricting punishment of crime more.
A revolt happened in Sully's Haym again in March, 1815 and became the scale that could not subjugate it if I did not mobilize a soldier.
It was not different, and, in the case of the revolution from 1848 through 1849, Sully's Haym became the important base of the political activity on the revolution side for the reputation. Most of the inhabitants were affected by Friedrich Hecker who acted as the representative of the ラーデンブルク = ヴァインハイム electoral district from 1842. After a revolution suppression, the Baden government was performed during 1851 and 52 and declared three chief election that a "democracy" person was elected with invalidity.
Population outflow of the late 19th century
Many inhabitants emigrated to the United States from Sully's Haym, and a population decline was caused afterwards. The population of 1848 became 2,650 people who were minimum in approximately 2,700 people and 1890 in approximately 2,800 people, 1858. The first emigration in the United States has already begun in 1724. The population of Sully's Haym was the 20th century and at last increased.
20th century
Sully's Haym obtained the title of "the city" in 1964. ウアゼンバッハ merged Al ten Bach one year later in 1972.
Population change
The historical materials about the population before the 15th century are not left. I cannot but suppose the population until the end of the Thirty Years' War from the number of houses and the number of adult males.
As for the inhabitants who survived Thirty Years' War, there were only 12-15%. 24 families slightly only appeared to the inhabitants before the war. Only grinder きの Mac family understands that two men survived war in that. The name of the representative of the man is only known to other families.
This village was abandoned from 1644 through 1648 and went to ruin. Many immigrants flowed in for ten years after the Thirty Years' War. There were in particular many Swiss of the Protestantism believer. Such an immigrant occupied the 1/3 neighborhood of the population in 1698.
After an unsuccessful 1848 revolution, the population rose a little, but people of outflow largely increased in 1724, and the population decreased. I increased around the end of the 19th century, and the population increased more by having accepted a person of driving out from 1945 through 1946 from the ズデーテン districts which was East Prussia and Silesia of the war refugees and former Germany territory, Czech territory. "City refugees" came to live in Sully's Haym from the end in the 1950s, and the population increased more and more.
I show the village area at each point in time, the population in city limits. Al ten Bach, the population of ウアゼンバッハ are not included until 1970.
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Administrative
Municipal assembly
The municipal assembly consists of 28 members of the Diet picked by the direct election every five years. The mayor participates in this as the chairperson.
Mayor
The mayor is elected in eight years in the term of office by a direct election. ハンスイェルク ヘーファー (Grüne) which won 50.26% of votes by a runoff barely won to opposition candidate Peter Rosen Berger (CDU, FDP, Freien Wählern) of vote rate 49.19% in the election of 2005. ヘンスイェルク ヘーファー takes office as the mayor from February 1, 2006.
After World War II, the mayoral election of 1952 became the scandal taken up by the overseas media (the New York Times). In this election, Fritz Ulu van won. The person of Ulu van won in election performed just after power grasp by NSDAP in 1933 in the member of the Diet clan from old times of Sully's Haym and was the native place family of the person who acted as the mayor until it was changed for George Rufer who acted as the mayor from 1920 through 1933 in 1945 by the intention of the occupation army. 結局、フリッツ・ウルバンは市長に就任することはなく、市の行政は1954年に改めて選挙が行われるまでの間、市長代理のマルティン・リンゲルシュパッヒャーによって運営されたのであった。
以後の市長は以下の通り。
- 1954年 - 1974年: ヴィルヘルム・ヘーガー
- 1974年 - 2006年: ペーター・リール
- 2006年 - : ハンスイェルク・ヘーファー
紋章
図柄: 黒地に、赤い爪、赤い舌で威嚇し、赤い冠を被った金の獅子。その舌には斜め十字に配置された2本の赤い羽根を持つ銀の矢。
この紋章は1381年の印章に由来する。矢は領主であったシュトラーレンベルク家を表し、獅子はプファルツ選帝侯家を示す。
旗は、黄色 - 黒で、1956年に制定された。[7]
友好都市
宗教
シュリースハイムは16世紀にプファルツ選帝侯の不安定な宗教政策に晒された。1556年に宗教改革がもたらされ、1560年以後はカルヴァン派に転じたが、選帝侯ルートヴィヒ6世の時代にスイスのプロテスタントの影響を加味したルター派に戻された。
シュリースハイムは三十年戦争直後には純粋に改革派教会の街であったが、その後スイス人プロテスタント信者やカトリック教会、ルーテル教会、ユダヤ教の信者らが定住した。
ユダヤ人は中世には既にシュリースハイムに住んでおり、1349年のペストの際にシュリースハイムから追い出された。15世紀なると再びユダヤ人に関する記録が現れる。三十年戦争の時代、1644年に村が放棄された際には、ユダヤ人もこの村から姿を消した。1651年と1653年にユダヤ人の家族が戻ってきたという記録がある。1858年にユダヤ教会は史上最大の125人の信者が登録されたが、その後アメリカへの移住やフランクフルト・アム・マインやマンハイムへの移転があり、組織は縮小した。1933年の初め、シュリースハイムには38人のユダヤ人が残っただけであり、そのほぼ全員が1938年までには転出していった。1939年9月の時点で残ったユダヤ人はいなかった。第二次世界大戦のヨーロッパでの戦闘が始まった頃には4人のユダヤ人が住むようになっていた。そのうちの一人は高齢のため亡くなった。この死は自然死であったと思われる。他の2人はニューヨークに亡命した。レーフィ・シュレッサーがシュリースハイムで唯一ナチスのユダヤ人殲滅政策の犠牲者となった。
19世紀初めからシュリースハイムには敬虔主義者のサークルが形成され、1895年にルートヴィヒ・グリューバーによってバプテスト教会が組織された。
第二次世界大戦後には新使徒派教会が設立された。
宗教建築
18世紀の終わりまで、カンツェルバッハ川に架かるガウルス橋の近く、バッハガッセ、タールシュトラーセ、シュマーラー・ザイテによって囲まれた三角地域の西にかつて村の教会と菩提樹が建っていた。シュリースハイムの守護聖人は聖ファイトであり、村の教会はこの聖人に捧げられていた。この教会は現存していない。
現在のプロテスタント教会の場所にあった市教会がおそらく1243年に建設が始まったのであろうという推定は、基礎部から発見された硬貨から容易になされた。この教会の建物は、時代を経るに従って損傷が激しくなり、18世紀中頃に、改築か全く新しい建物の建設かは議論の余地があるのだが、贅沢に金をかけた工事がなされた。新しい建物の建設決定は1748年から1751年の間になされた。
文化と見所
見所
- 13世紀に建設されたシュターレンブルク城の城趾: 城趾内にはレストランがある。
- アンナ＝エリーザベト坑: 500年以上前の銀および硫酸鉄の採掘跡。この鉱山跡は1985年に保護文化財に指定され、見学者用坑道として公開されている。
- ブドウ山マドンネンベルク（聖母の山）: シュリースハイムのこの山には聖母像とセコイアの木があり、街の象徴となっている。
- クリスチャン・マイヤー天文台:
- 旧市街: 多くの歴史的建造物が建ち並ぶ。たとえば、ガバーシェン・ハウス、さらし台のある旧市庁舎、カンツェルバッハ川の搾油所、バッハシュレッセルなどである。2001年にカンツェルバッハ川をまたいで旧市街とフェストプラッツ（祝祭広場）を結ぶモダンな歩行者専用橋が架けられた。
- 新しい市庁舎の、いわゆる「レーマーケラー」は、ほとんどオリジナルなまま保存されたローマ時代の酒造庫の壁である。建設工事中に発見された。
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カンツェルバッハ川に架かる橋
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ワイン造り記念碑
博物館
テオ・ケルグ博物館には、ルクセンブルクの画家・彫刻家のテオ・ケルグの作品が展示されている。
スポーツ
シュトラーレンブルク城近くに古い石切場があり、ここではスポーツクライミングのためのルートがいくつも用意されている。
年中行事
シュリースハイムは、ワイン街であり、1579年3月初めに第1回ワイン祭が開催されて以来、8日間のマタイマーケットが開催される。
経済と社会資本
交通
オーバーライン鉄道がシュリースハイムを通っている。2005年以降、ラインネッカー交通がこれを運営している。この街はライン＝ネッカー交通連盟のサービス提供地域に含まれている。
連邦道B3号線がこの街を通っている。市域のすぐ西には連邦アウトバーンA5号線が通っており、そのインターチェンジ経由で広域道路網にアクセスできる。
オーデンヴァルトタールシュトラーセの交通量緩和のために、約2kmの長さを持つブライヒトンネルを含む州道L536号線が計画されている。第1区間の工事は2008年末に開始される。
教育
アルテンバッハ地区には、基礎課程学校が1校ある。シュリースハイムにはシュトラーレンベルガー基礎課程学校、基礎課程・本課程および実業学課をもつクアプファルツ学校センター、実業学校、ギムナジウムがある。また、私立のハイリヒ・ジグムント・ギムナジウムがある。
これに加えて、シュリースハイムには音楽学校、市民大学、公共図書館がある。
人物
出身者
- アレクサンダー・マック（1679年 - 1735年）敬虔主義者、ブレズレン教会の創始者
- ライナー・クレーナート（1958年 - ）芸人
引用
- ^ Alle politisch selbständigen Gemeinden mit ausgewählten Merkmalen am 30.09.2016 (3. Quartal 2016)
- ^ Hauptsatzung der Stadt Schriesheim vom 5. Dezember 2002
- ^ Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Amtliche Beschreibung nach Kreisen und Gemeinden. Band V: Regierungsbezirk Karlsruhe Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-17-002542-2. S. 400–403
- ^ Zu den Porphyrvorkommen der Schriesheimer Gemarkung auf der offiziellen Webpräsenz des.バーデン＝ヴュルテンベルク州環境省
- ^ バーデン＝ヴュルテンベルク州統計局、2004年12月31日現在。
- ^ www.klimadiagramme.de
- ^ Herwig John, Gabriele Wüst: Wappenbuch Rhein-Neckar-Kreis. Ubstadt-Weiher 1996, ISBN 3-929366-27-4, S. 109
参考文献
- Hans Huth: Die Kunstdenkmäler des Landkreises Mannheim: Ohne Stadt Schwetzingen. München 1967
- Staatl. Archivverwaltung Baden-Württemberg in Verbindung mit d. Städten u.d. Landkreisen Heidelberg u. Mannheim (Hrsg.): Die Stadt- und die Landkreise Heidelberg und Mannheim: Amtliche Kreisbeschreibung.
- Bd 1: Allgemeiner Teil. Karlsruhe 1966
- Bd 3: Die Stadt Mannheim und die Gemeinden des Landkreises Mannheim. Karlsruhe 1970
- Hermann Brunn: 1200 Jahre Schriesheim. Südwestdeutsche Verlagsanstalt, Mannheim, 1964.
Zum Stadtjubiläum 1964 erschienenes, bis heute gültiges Standardwerk für die Zeit bis zum 1200-jährigen Jubiläum. - Eugen Herwig: Schriesheim. Ansichten und Pläne aus einer 400jährigen Vergangenheit 1528–1898. Schriesheim 1987.
- Eugen Herwig, Karl Schuhmann: Schriesemerisch fer Schriesemer. Eine Mundart-Sammlung mit bebilderten und heimatkundlichen Beiträgen. Schriesheim 1994.
- Hans Hecklau: Die Gliederung der Kulturlandschaft im Gebiet von Schriesheim – Bergstraße. Ein Beitrag zur Methodik der Kulturlandschaftsforschung. Berlin 1964.
- Karl Kollnig: Die Zent Schriesheim. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Zentverfassung in Kurpfalz. Heidelberg 1933.
- Peter Löffelad: Die Flurnamen der Stadt Schriesheim mit Altenbach und Ursenbach. Ellwangen 2004.
- Konstantin Groß: Vom Silvaner zum Schriesecco. Zum 75. Jubiläum der Winzergenossenschaft Schriesheim. Grall, Mannheim 2006. ISBN 3-9810851-0-8.
- Konstantin Groß: Fit für die Zukunft. 100 Jahre KSV Schriesheim. Mit einem Vorwort von Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schröder. Mannheim 2003. ISBN 3-9806908-8-1.
- Evangelische Gemeinde Schrießheim: 400 Jahre Evangelische Gemeinde Schriesheim. 1556–1956. Schrießheim 1956.
- Zur Geschichte der Juden in Schriesheim: Schriesheimer Jahrbücher 2002/2003/2004/2005, hrsg. vom Stadtarchiv Schriesheim.
- Hermann Brunn: Die Bevölkerungsentwicklung Schriesheims. 1951.
- Hermann Brunn: Schriesheimer Mühlen. Schriesheim 1947.
- Karl Schuhmann: Familienbuch Schriesheim 16501900. Schriesheim 2004.
- Wilhelm Heeger: Geistergeschichten und Sagen aus Schriesheim und Umgebung. Schriesheim 1977.
これらの文献は、翻訳元であるドイツ語版に挙げられていた参考文献であり、日本語版作成に際し直接参照してはおりません。
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