Oyaishi stone
The Oyaishi stone (おおやいし) is a kind of the pumice tufa. The building stones which are mined in the neighborhood of Oyamachi whole area in northwestern Utsunomiya-shi, Tochigi. Because it was easy to do processing softly, I have been used as building materials such as an outer wall or the storehouse for a long time.
Table of contents
Ingredient
Silicic acid・The second iron oxide・Aluminum oxide・Oxidation manganese・Lime・Magnesium oxide・Potassium・Sodiumなど.
Origin
Volcanic ashes and the gravel which a volcano erupts, and began to blow precipitate in the first half of the Tertiary period in seawater in the new generation when we still had most of the Japanese Islands underwater, and it is said that it solidifies, and there was it.
Distribution
The distribution of the Oyaishi stone of the neighborhood of Oyamachi extends over East-West 8km, north and south 37km, and it is confirmed that there is to depth of 200-300m below ground, and the reserves are estimated with 1 billion tons.
Characteristic
- I am superior in fireproof characteristics.
- The weight of the stone is light.
- Because nature of a rock is soft, processing is easy.
Use
A house, a warehouse (Ishikura), a fire wall, 貼石, a stone fence, a gatepost, the pavement, a stone wall, a protecting stone (retaining wall) is used as building material mainly.
In late years because the substitute fire prevention characteristics that there is take in a feel of texture, the feel of a material that is unique than a performance, property side to a building, I am sliced thinly and am often used in an other buildings material as wall materials and a flooring.
An Oyaishi stone is used flourishingly by an outer wall, a platform, a stone wall and stairs, the gatepost of the building which I did including a stone storehouse for a long time around Utsunomiya. Gyoza image installed in the Utsunomiya Station east exit at first by the tie-up with the TV program and the Utsunomiya Catholic Church (under an alias: Matsugamine church) built in 1932 are Otani stone construction.
In addition, a bread pot or a pizza pot are used as structure materials of the stone pot for salt manufacturing from the fireproof-related heat storage-related height.
History concerning the Oyaishi stone
- 6-7 centuries: The Oyaishi stones that processing is easy for the old burial mound having a cut stone product stone tomb in the side of a mountain are used a lot.
- 741 years： Current Tochigi, Kokubunji going out of power are used for the cornerstone, the foundation stone of the lower field Kokubu nunnery, a wainscot stone.
- 810 years： As for the principal idol (the Otani Kannon) of Otanji, propagating Buddhism Great Teacher oneself carves an Oyaishi stone, and it is said that I completed it.
- 1922： I am used for Imperial Hotel of the Frank Lloyd light design. The entrance hall part is stored now in museum Meiji-Mura.
- 1932： I am used for the Utsunomiya Catholic Church (the existing nation's largest Oyaishi stone building).
- 1944： The very large space of the Oyaishi stone basement working is used by the secret warehouse of the army provisions and fodder depot, clothing depot under the ground.
- 1951： I am used for Kanagawa of the Junzo Sakakura design Prefectural Museum of Modern Art.
- 1969： Because annual mean air temperature is around 8 degrees, the Oyaishi stone basement working is used as the storage of storage of the rice purchased by the government (rice harvested more than two years ago).
- 1979： In March, Otani museum is open. Workings under the ground are shown.
- 1989： The underground of the ruins of the old working which there was in the Sakamoto, Oyamachi, Utsunomiya-shi district in February extends over 100m in diameter, 30m in depth and sinks. Because people were residential areas, it was such an uproar that inhabitants evacuated.
- 2010： In June, a new working was made after an interval of 32 years by Oyaishi stone industry. I began a system to support an expense when Utsunomiya-shi used an Oyaishi stone for a house in the city.
Digging
I dig a hand and it in the times
When I dug a hand before it was mechanized and began to talk in the times, pickaxe was used. It is said that I showed 4,000 times of pickaxe though I dig one stone of the size of 50 stones (5 sun of *1 shaku *3 shakus) by the mining to stop by to dig a hand. In addition, the daily digging quantity of the one was ten of them. The digging to stop by was carried out until about 1960 when a digging method was mechanized to dig such a hand.
Mechanization post
It is from 1952 that the mechanization of the Oyaishi stone excavation came to be thought about, and it is about 1960 that machines spread in the whole Otani. A stone of the size of 50 stones can mine 50 of them a day by the mining with the machine alone.
Transportation
I dug a hand and carried it on my back from the underground deep workings in the times and carried it out. Weight of one stone (50 stones) used for a stone fence is approximately 70 kg, and it is said that I am alone and carried one to 140 kg of stones with the heavy stone. The stone carried out outside was carried with a carriage and a jinrikisha (truck), a cargo boat far and wide.
From the underground deep workings, a stone is raised up with the machine called the motor winch and is carried out into whole country each place by a truck and a freight train now.
Receiver
Tokyo, 37% of Kanagawa, Chiba 21%, Saitama 5%, Ibaraki 9%, Nakagyo Kansai 9%, other 19%.
Age production: 550,000 tons.
(I collect the statistics each in 1976)
Episode
The Oyaishi stone was used as building materials of the Imperial Hotel light building of the Frank Lloyd light design (the former location is removed and rebuilt around the central entrance at Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, the present by outdoor model display Museum of Aichi, Meiji-Mura and saves it), but it was on the day of the completion banquet and it was at the height of the preparations for banquet and met with the Great Kanto Earthquake on September 1, 1923. However, of the injured thing small stayed with being approximately unhurt. The light of the designer knows this, and it is said that I was mad with joy.
Allied work
Allied item
- Building stones
- Rock - Sedimentary rock - Volcano clastic rock - Tufa
- Green tuff
- Tobu Otani line (Utsunomiya building stones orbit)
- The Otani Kannon
- Otani museum
- People art building in Japan
- Imperial Hotel light building
Outside link
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Oyaishi stone
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