2017년 2월 9일 목요일

Japanese kanji ability test system

Japanese kanji ability test system

Japanese kanji ability test system
Fame The Japan Kanji Aptitude Test
Abbreviated designation The Kanji Test, the Kanji Test
Enforcement country Japanese flag Japan
Qualification kind Private qualification
Field Culture, education
Examination form Writing, CBT
Authorized group Association of public interest Japan kanji ability test system Foundation
The authorized start date 1992
Class, title 10-1 grade (all twelfth grade)
Official site http://www.kanken.or.jp/index.html
Wiki project Wiki project qualification
Wiki portal Wiki portal qualification
I display a template

The Japanese kanji ability test system (にほんかんじのうりょくけんてい) is official approval about the kanji ability that association of public interest Japan kanji ability test system Foundation carries out. Generally, I am called the Kanji Test or the Kanji Test.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology supported it before, but does not support it now.

Table of contents

Summary

Official approval grade

(the level in) is a thing of the kanji ability test system association publication in Japan. With a Chinese characters commonly used list having been revised (2010) on November 30 in 2010, I am equivalent to a new Chinese characters commonly used list (the following contents) after 2012.

The first grade (university, general degree, number of the target kanjis approximately 6,000 characters)

Including the degree Chinese characters commonly used, I understand sound, 訓 of the kanji of approximately 6,000 characters and am usable in a sentence appropriately.
Domain, contents

Write it as reading

Including sound, 訓 of the Chinese characters commonly used, I am used to the reading and writing of the kanji of approximately 6,000 characters and am usable in a sentence appropriately.

Four characters phrase, historical fact, proverb
  • I understand four characters phrase with the authority, a historical fact idiomatic expression, a proverb definitely.
Classic sentence
  • I understand a kanji, the Chinese word in the classic sentence.

※The kanji of approximately 6,000 characters assumes JIS second standard an aim.
But, in the questions ranges mentioned above, the problem about "knowing the kanji notation (kind of the substitute character) such as the place name, the name of a country" was not made questions for from the third in 2002. On the other hand, the problem to ask the reading of a Japanese reading of Chinese compound word, the substitute character of animals and plants tanka with a thing's name in it and others is still made questions for.
Generally, a lot of difficult kanji and readings not to use are made questions for.

Associate first grade (university, general degree, number of the target kanjis 2,994 characters)

Including the degree Chinese characters commonly used, I understand sound, 訓 of the kanji of 2,994 characters and am usable in a sentence appropriately.
Domain, contents

Write it as reading

Including sound, 訓 of the Chinese characters commonly used, I am used to the reading and writing of the kanji of 2,994 characters and am usable in a sentence appropriately.

  • Understanding a Japanese reading of Chinese compound word, a substitute character
  • Understanding antonym, synonym, same sound, 同訓異字
  • Understanding a Japanese alphabet (mountain pass, kite, field)
  • Understanding plural kanji notation (country - country, crossing-over - intersection)
Four characters phrase, historical fact, proverb
  • I understand four characters phrase with the authority, a historical fact idiomatic expression, a proverb definitely.
Classic sentence
  • I understand a kanji, the Chinese word in the classic sentence.

※The kanji of 2,994 characters assumes JIS first standard an aim.
As well as the first grade, a lot of kanji and readings not to use are generally made questions for, but there are many things which relatively than the first grade show frequent use.
The Chinese characters commonly used increase 196 characters in November, 2010, and all becomes the second grade allotment kanji, but, of these, 168 characters are cause associate first grade allotment kanjis. [3]

The second grade (graduation from high school, university, general degree, number of the target kanjis 2,136 characters)

I understand the Chinese characters commonly used to learn in a degree elementary school, a junior high school, a high school and am usable in a sentence appropriately.
I am used to the reading and writing of all domain - writing it as reading Chinese characters commonly used. I wear sound, 訓 to learn in a high school in particular and am usable in a sentence appropriately.

  • Understanding a Japanese reading of Chinese compound word, a substitute character (woman diver / あま, expert / trouble and congratulatory address / paste and variety hall / よせなど)
  • Understand antonym, synonym, same sound, 同訓異字
  • Understanding four characters phrase with the authority (after a mouth of a chicken cow bitter enemies in the same boat)

Deepen the understanding of domain - radical radical and grasp constitution and the meaning of the phrase.

A description of "the kanji for names" disappeared by an essential point revision of 2010, and the questions about the kanji for names itself disappeared both in name and in reality.

Associate second grade (high school attendance at school degree, number of the target kanjis 1,940 characters)

I understand the large body of the Chinese characters commonly used to learn at a degree elementary school, a junior high school and am usable in a sentence appropriately.
The large body of the kanji to use domain - reading and thing writing regularly is readable. I wear sound, 訓 to learn at a junior high school in particular. I wear kanji of the kanji allotment list according to the school year and other Chinese characters commonly used around 300 characters and am usable in a sentence appropriately.

  • Understanding a Japanese reading of Chinese compound word, a substitute character (sulfur / sulfur, sumo / sumo, sandals / sandals, rough / irregularities)
  • Understand antonym, synonym, same sound, 同訓異字
  • Understanding four characters phrase with the authority (news sensation, isolated no aid)

Deepen the understanding of domain - radical radical and tell definitely.

The third grade (junior high school graduation degree, number of the target kanjis 1,607 characters)

I understand all kanjis of the kanji allotment list according to the degree elementary school school year and other Chinese characters commonly used around 600 characters and am usable in a sentence appropriately.
The kanji of domain - writing it as reading about 1,600 characters is readable. I acquire the kanji of the kanji allotment list according to the school year and am usable in a sentence appropriately.

  • Understand a sound reading and the Japanese reading definitely
  • Understanding a Japanese reading of Chinese compound word, a substitute character (young girl / young girl, cold / cold, tabi / たび, snowslide / snowslide)
  • Understand antonym, synonym, same sound, 同訓異字 definitely
  • Understand the constitution of the phrase, four characters phrase definitely
  • You are careful about kana and the use of kana, and write it definitely

I understand domain - radical radical and am used to the use of the dictionary of classical Chinese explained in Japanese.

The fourth grade (junior high school attendance at school degree, number of the target kanjis 1,322 characters)

I understand all kanjis of the kanji allotment list according to the degree elementary school school year and other Chinese characters commonly used around 300 characters and am usable in a sentence appropriately.
The kanji of domain - writing it as reading about 1,300 characters is readable. I write the kanji of around 900 characters in the kanjis of the kanji allotment list according to the school year and am usable in a sentence appropriately.

  • Understand a sound reading and the Japanese reading definitely
  • Understanding a Japanese reading of Chinese compound word, a substitute character (I rain off and on adzuki bean / adzuki bean, autumn shower / with souvenir / souvenir, Yamato / mountain)
  • Understand antonym, synonym, same sound, 同訓異字 definitely
  • Understand the constitution of the phrase, four characters phrase
  • You are careful about kana and the use of kana, and write it definitely

I understand domain - radical radical and am used to the use of the dictionary of classical Chinese explained in Japanese.

The fifth grade (sixth grader completion degree, number of the target kanjis 1,006 characters)

I understand authorized kanji for study to the degree elementary school sixth grade, and deepen the knowledge for the role that a kanji serves as in a sentence and can use the kanji in a sentence appropriately.
I read authorized kanji for study to the domain - writing it as reading small school sixth grade and can write the large body again.

  • Understand a sound reading and the Japanese reading definitely
  • Understanding antonym, synonym, the same sound, 同訓異字, four characters phrase definitely (good harvest, folk art)
  • Know the constitution of the phrase
  • You are careful about kana and the use of kana, and write it definitely

I understand domain - stroke order stroke order definitely.
I understand the form of domain - radical kanji.

The sixth grade (fifth grader completion degree, number of the target kanjis 825 characters)

I understand authorized kanji for study to the degree elementary school fifth grade and know the role that a kanji serves as in a sentence and am usable definitely.
I read authorized kanji for study to the domain - writing it as reading small school fifth grade and can write the large body again.

  • Understand a sound reading and the Japanese reading definitely
  • Understanding an antonym, the large body of the synonym (fault - bad point, death - death)
  • Understand the same sound, 同訓異字, three characters phrase definitely
  • Knowing the constitution of the phrase (the sunshine, top and bottom, beautiful woman, reading, ignorance)
  • Being careful about kana and the use of kana, and writing it definitely (equal short)

I understand domain - stroke order stroke order, total strokes.
I understand a domain - radical main radical.

The seventh grade (fourth grader completion degree, number of the target kanjis 640 characters)

I understand authorized kanji for study to the degree elementary school fourth grade and am usable in a sentence definitely.
I read authorized kanji for study to the domain - writing it as reading small school fourth grade and can write the large body again.

  • Understand a sound reading and the Japanese reading definitely
  • Understanding the large body of the antonym (entrance to school - graduation, score - loss)
  • Understanding 同音異字 (health, high school, advertisement, diplomacy)
  • Understanding three characters phrase (department store, light music)
  • Being careful about kana, and writing it definitely (fall climb let go)

I am careful about domain - stroke order dots and lines in Kanji.
Mind domain - radical あし and understand にょうを.

The eighth grade (third grader completion degree, number of the target kanjis 440 characters)

I understand authorized kanji for study to the degree elementary school third grade and am usable in a sentence and a sentence.
I read authorized kanji for study to the domain - writing it as reading small school third grade and can write the large body again.

  • Understand a sound reading and the Japanese reading
  • Understanding the large body of the antonym (light - heavy - to lose to win)
  • Being careful about kana, and writing it (the pleasant back to be)

I understand domain - stroke order stroke order, total strokes definitely.
Domain - radical is strange and understands a crown, a structure.

The ninth grade (second grader completion degree, number of the target kanjis 240 characters)

I understand authorized kanji for study to the degree elementary school second grade and am usable in a sentence and a sentence.
I read authorized kanji for study to the domain - writing it as reading small school second grade and can write the large body again.
I understand length, how to contact domain - stroke order dots and lines in Kanji and acquaintance, stroke order and total strokes.

The tenth grade (first grader completion degree, number of the target kanjis 80 characters)

I understand authorized kanji for study of the degree elementary school first grade and am usable in a sentence and a sentence.
領域―読むことと書くこと 小学校第1学年の学習漢字を読み、またその大体を書くことができる。
I understand length, how to contact domain - stroke order dots and lines in Kanji and acquaintance, stroke order and total strokes.

合格基準

協会の発表によると、平成18年度第1回検定以降では、以下のようになっている。

級 満点 基準得点
1級、準1級、2級 200点 80%程度
準2級、3級、4級、5級、6級、7級 200点 70%程度
8級、9級、10級 150点 80%程度

なお、合格基準に達していない場合でも合格になることがある。具体的に言えば、協会が想定していた合格率・平均点と誤差が生じた際、合格点は数点程度基準点より下がることがある（2級の場合、ここ数年は155点以上で合格のことが多い）。一方で受験者数の少ない1級・準1級の場合はこの制度は事実上適用されておらず、合格基準の160点を1点でも下回っていた場合は不合格となる。

受検者の増加と社会的な傾向

2000年（平成12年）以降、急激に受検者が増加する。例えば2001年（平成13年）度の受検者数は180万人程度だったが、2007年（平成19年）度には270万人以上[4]となった。これに合わせ、協会のロゴマークは2007年（平成19年）度より「250万人の漢検」となった。しかし、一連の不祥事およびそれに伴う受検者数の減少により、現在は「250万人の漢検」ロゴは用いられていない。

漢検の級所持者を優遇する企業・学校がある一方、アナウンサーに対して入社前に2級以上を取得義務として課しているテレビ局もある。また、漢字の読み書きが脳の訓練にも効果を発揮し、認知症防止に役立つことが提唱されることもある。『今すぐ使える豆知識 クイズ雑学王』、『パネルクイズ アタック25』、『ネプリーグ』、『熱血!平成教育学院』、『クイズプレゼンバラエティー Qさま!!』など漢字の問題を扱うテレビ番組が増えている。また、漢字ゲームソフトとしてニンテンドーDS（任天堂）というタッチペンにより直接漢字が入力できる携帯ゲーム機対応の協会協力ソフトが人気を集めている。また、加納喜光、出口宗和らによる『読めそうで読めない漢字』などの難読漢字に関する著書がベストセラーとなっている。

その他

  • 受検方法
    • 個人受検の場合、年3回（6月、10月、1月又は2月、いずれも日曜日）開かれ、公開会場で受検する。公開会場は、日本全国の主要都市約124ヶ所と海外約13ヶ所に設置されている。
    • 団体受検の場合、準会場や団体公開会場で受検する。準会場は、協会が別途定める条件を満たす団体であれば、受検者が10人以上いる場合に設置可能。
    • 1級・準1級受検志願者は、公開会場用願書が必要である。
  • 検定の対象範囲
    • 1級・準1級の場合、実際には検定対象にわずかながらもJIS第3・第4水準の漢字も含まれており、一方でJIS第2水準の一部は含まれていない。
    • 2級以下の試験には、「常用漢字表」に示された漢字の字体、読みしか認めない。旧字体での解答も無効だった。
  • 特別表彰
    • 団体受検において、受検者が100人以上の場合は成績優秀者に「団体内賞」が授与される。
    • 平成22年度第2回検定より「満点賞」が創設された。これは検定時に全問正解し満点合格した受検者を表彰する制度で、対象者には合格証書などと同時に「満点賞」の賞状が授与される。
  • その他
    • 以前の児童漢検初9級・初10級相当分が、現在は漢字検定9級・10級に編入されている。
    • 1級・準1級に合格すると、「日本語教育研究所」から「客員研究員」の応募用紙が賞状と一緒に送られてくることがある。これに応募するには好きな常用漢字を1字選び理由などを400字詰め原稿用紙6枚以内にまとめ、日本語教育研究所に送る。このとき新しくもらった賞状に加え、過去3回分の賞状に書かれている左端の番号を記入する必要がある。また、当該級の合格者のうち、日本国内に居住する希望者は、「漢検生涯学習ネットワーク」（2011年4月発足）の会員にもなることができる。入会費及び会費は無料。登録者には会員証が発行される他、定期的に会員通信が送られてきたり、年数回協会が主催するセミナーへの参加も可能（セミナー参加は実費負担）。[5]

漢検CBT

パソコンを使って受検する、漢検CBTというコンピューターテストが実施されている。自己の都合に合わせて受検でき、また結果の通知が早いというメリットがある。以下にその概要を解説する。

  • 受検可能な級は2-7級。
  • 検定日は月に1回-毎日。検定会場によって異なる。事前予約制で定員がある。
  • 解答は、漢字の読み問題はキーボードを（文字変換機能は無効にされている）、書き取り問題はペンタブレットを用いる。
  • 出題範囲や内容、難易度、合格基準は、従来の筆記による検定と同じである。
  • 合格者は一般の漢検と同じ認定が得られる（例えば漢検CBT2級合格者は、漢検2級合格扱いになる）。
  • 合格発表は、会場によっては、試験施行後1週間以内（最速5日後）に通知される。

詳細は公益財団法人 日本漢字能力検定協会のサイトを参照

合格証書番号例

  • 第一〇一四三〇〇〇〇〇〇〇号
    • 一〇→実施年 一四→試験回数 三→受験級 〇〇〇〇〇〇〇→証書番号

脚注

[ヘルプ]
  1. ^ 例えば、『漢検ジャーナルVol.1 2010年 秋号』22ページの『日本漢字能力検定1級合格者発表』には、平成20年度第3回から平成21年度第3回まで検定4回分の1級合格者名（掲載了承者のみ）が記されているが、違う回に同所在地・同名の合格者が存在していることが見て取れる。なおリピーターの意見として、例えば2010年12月5日放送の「熱血!平成教育学院」には連続5回1級に合格した中学生（合格回数・職業は放送時のもの）がゲスト出演し、連続して受検した理由として「1回の試験では全対象漢字が出ることはないので、何回も受けて色々な問題を知りたかった」（ 正確には「1回の試験だと、やっぱり全部の対象の漢字が出ることはないので、何回も受けて、で、いろんな問題を知りたいなということで」 ）と述べている。
  2. ^ 日本の古典文学や、昔の中国の漢文いわゆる漢籍（訓読文）からの出題が多い。また、医学や哲学の専門用語、仏教用語など、日常生活上は馴染みの薄い単語も出題される。
  3. ^ 残り28字は旧1級配当漢字であったが、新要項では当然準1級でも出題対象となる。
  4. ^ 『日本漢字能力検定 過去問題集 1・準1級 平成14年度版』14ページ、『漢検過去問題集 1／準1級 平成20年度版』別冊14ページ
  5. ^ 漢検生涯学習ネットワーク

関連項目

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