Death picture
The ukiyoe print which the death picture (can die) served as the news of death and memorial service when a Kabuki actor died mainly, and was made a block. A posthumous Buddhist name, a cemetery, achievements, death poem during the lifetime, the song phrase of the memorial service are written down in the portrait of the actor on an anniversary of the death. It was produced from the last part of Edo era to the modern times mainly on the late Tokugawa period. It features it to express the post mortem figure which a motif ideating death and Buddhist mass was attached to, and it may be said that it is the document which is valuable for not only history of art and the Kabuki study but also folklore and the religion basically.
Table of contents
Summary
The existence oldest work is assumed a thing of Yaozo Ichikawa for the second generation when I died in (1777) for Yasunaga six years. The brocade between 細絵 shops had the early days, but in a big size color print and one piece thing was a lot common. I drew the portrait with Japanese star anise and beads, a successful part on the stage, and the things which I put a posthumous Buddhist name, the thing which I added age of dying to, the song phrase of the death poem, the words of the memorial service in were common. A large quantity of number is published from civil administration afterward to the Meiji beginning, and it is said that more than 200 kinds of death pictures of Ichikawa Danjuro were published in particular for the eighth generation when I committed suicide in Osaka in (1854) for Kaei era seven years.
The composition changed, too, but I made comics style among them, and I seemed to say with the play called the litter seat, and there was a little playful design, too. Naturally there is the competition in the sale and misappropriates a woodcut to do a block even slightly early, and there is even the groundless thing which does not well check age of dying in a posthumous Buddhist name, death time. It is normal that a death picture of such overproduction period does not have the signature of the painter. What was described had many Kabuki actors, but the death painting of the ukiyoe artist related to tayu and low-class novelist, Kabuki of the Gidayu was described. The pupil draws Toyokuni Utagawa, Kuniyoshi Utagawa, Hiroshige Utagawa, most of the death pictures of the Yoshitoshi Tsukioka and others ukiyoe artist for Toyoharu Utagawa, Toyokuni Utagawa, the third generation, and the document-like value is all high in a single-sheet block print, too. It was performed flourishingly until the middle of Meiji era, but a picture postcard, bromides were popular afterwards and became outdated with a thing of first generation Ganjiro Nakamura of (1935) last in 1935.
Characteristic
There is the thing which they add a posthumous Buddhist name, a family temple to a duty during the lifetime on a date of death and assume a death picture, but most merely concentrate various invention to ideate death. At first it is a special figure to be characteristic, and it is an old ceremonial dress figure of the light blue (light blue) called the water old ceremonial dress that is seen well. The white old ceremonial dress was seen early, but water old ceremonial dresses gradually increased, and it was the expression that suggested death using a light blue color to a padded silk garment and clothes, a hem not an old ceremonial dress. Japanese star anise and a lotus flower, beads fishing for or an unvarnished wood mortuary tablet often come up with the accessory. There is the thing dressed in the priest, and the female-impersonator in particular often takes the priest figure which I put on a shoulder-worn robe than an old ceremonial dress. Besides, I liken the deceased to Buddha and may be described in in a traveling kit to express paths of case and journey to the other world to take a form of the recumbent Buddha. I scatter letters of "the south no Amitabha" in the design of the padded silk garment elsewhere, and a kind character of the Amitabha is created, and it may be to clothes about some kind of funeral services and Buddhist mass
In the case of the actor who died in couple actors of the stage in succession, it was done that I described this in one in total. Fourth Sojuro Sawamura and fourth Roko Segawa of culture nine years say this first. Because the female-impersonator was described in a woman figure, the death painting of fourth Mr. and Mrs. Kikugoro Onoe is incomprehensible which is a husband. But the thing which drew the married couple of the actor is different from the part of couple in the scene, and there is few it elsewhere.
Work
- "Fifth generation Kikunojo Segawa" large size color woodblock print Kuniyoshi Utagawa image
- "Kuniyoshi Utagawa" large size color woodblock print Kaoru Utagawa wealth image
References
- "National history folk museum document pictorial record 7 death picture" national history folk museum, February 18, 2010 (article not for sale)
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Death picture
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