ヒメツバキ
| ヒメツバキ |
|---|
 イジュ (Okinawa Island product) |
| Classification |
| Scientific name |
| Schima wallichii |
| Japanese name |
| ヒメツバキ イジュ |
ヒメツバキ (Schima wallichii) is a tree of the camellia department. I soak a white flower in early summer. I am known from Ogasawara. A very similar thing is known as イジュ in Okinawa. But confusion considerably occurs categorically, and there are another kind and an opinion to do, an opinion to consider to be similar, the other subspecies in the same kind and the opinion to do. I write both down in a mass here.
Table of contents
General statement
ヒメツバキ hit a white flower with a tree growing big in one side and is a plant outstanding well. I am known for the name of イジュ in the name of ヒメツバキ in Okinawa in Ogasawara. With a tree of the pioneer-like character, I am seen in imminent second growth much and am cultivated again. It is used as wood.
But there was confusion categorically and considered two mentioned above to be independence at first. But approximately ten kinds are known to the place of origin, and there is the opinion which gathers all up in one when I greatly see it because those distinction had many problems. When I treat it according to the following, I call イジュ, a thing of Ogasawara ヒメツバキ with a thing of Okinawa in the Japanese name. In addition, in ヒメツバキ as another name with the Tama camellia [1].
Characteristic
In Takagi of the evergreen nature, I grow it in a shrub form, but may consist than 10m in height [2]. White silk hair adheres to a sprig at first and grows, but becomes the hairlessness later. The leaf grows each other and branches gather in the tree in particular earlier and tend to become the bunch life. The leaf considerably has a range in an obovoid form and form from an oval-formed lancet arch or ovoid from a lancet arch. 8-13cm in length, 2.2-3.7cm in width. Growth, the base become gradually small and drift to the leafstalk into a tail form a little whether the tip is sharp commonly. The leaf slightly becomes the folio in a media. As for the relationship of the leaf, as for the surface, the shiny green, back wind up powder white subtly from a leading edge to saw teeth relationship; is hairlessness with the both sides.
The flowering season is from March to May. The flower stalk going out of the branch point is short and branches off into a majority, and a flower arrives over there. At first there are two pieces of small bracts, and this falls off early. The sepal is piled up into a tile form by the 4mm in length hotel living-in-nature in narrow ovoid next, and majorities line up, and there is hair in hemicycle inward. 5-6 pieces of petals are white and greatly open. A diameter of the flowers is approximately 5cm. The tip attaches only a little with a shallow wooden bowl form in wide oval leaf form each other in a circle in the base, and a lot of stamens attach the petal here. When diameter 2cm ripens with spheroid form, the fruit does 5 裂 and shows a seed. The seed has 8mm in length, a wing with flatness.
In addition, there are some differences in イジュ of Okinawa and ヒメツバキ of Ogasawara. For example, it is common in the form of the leaf in イジュ that the leaf has saw teeth, but the leaf of the tree is all relationships without saw teeth hardly appearing in ヒメツバキ. As for the quality of leaf, ヒメツバキ is thicker. In addition, it grows thick on the outside of the calyx with silk hair characteristically from the upper part of the floral design in ヒメツバキ [3].
Distribution
I am distributed over Ogasawara Islands (except the sulfur archipelago) and Ryukyu Islands from Amami and to the south in Japan. I am distributed over Southeast Asia and the eastern Himalayas in the foreign territory. But I refer to the item of the classification for this.
Growth environment and habits
I have pioneer-like character. The sprouting can grow even the breeding, partial shade in sunny environment, but I appear in the forest when I grow big and form growth, a flat crown in the sun. There are many number of the flowers, number of seed formation and a seed is relatively small and has a feather again, and what is sprayed widely meets this [4]. It is from the central part and to the north in Okinawa Island and is seen in the リュウキュウマツ forest well in a non-limestone area [5].
Classification
Approximately ten kinds are known to the western part of Malaysia, the tropical zone, subtropical zone area in southern East Asia in this genus from the eastern Himalayas. Ogasawara and Ryukyu Islands are two major distribution area as above in Japan, but there is clear difference in both, and the difference is not big. Therefore a judgment was divided how you saw this.
Hatsushima (1971) considers イジュ of Okinawa to be S. wallichii ssp. liukiuensis of the another kind with ヒメツバキ and takes it as the inherent subspecies of Ryukyu Islands [6].
While Kitamura, Murata (1979) does both with same kind S. wallichii, I consider it to be the other subspecies and do ssp. noronhae, ヒメツバキ with ssp. mertesiana in イジュ and イジュ include the thing to Southeast Asia in this and does each distribution area only with Ogasawara about ヒメツバキ. In addition, I refer to the kinds such as the Himalayas, and what I distinguish as a kind although I do not conclude speaks handling with difficulty [7].
Pick quarrel with having the seed which this plant is sprayed on by wind in Satake other (1999) and estimate that I opened distribution area for the relatively new geological age. Therefore I can see geographical variation in each place, but it does Ryukyu Islands product and Ogasa autochthonism with equivalence class S. wallichii in a situation that it does not prove right to sort a kind [8]. Hotta introduces the known judgment to assume all ten kinds the same kind of the place of origin more. It is in a mass in ヒメツバキ S. wallichii ssp. wallichii that both groups of Ryukyu, Ogasawara, Japan are distributed over Southeast Asia according to it from the east Himalayas and does a Southeastern Asian thing with S. wallichii ssp. noronbae. But I show the question to this system when the thing which it is geographical or can distinguish for the habits in this and others clearly is included in him at the same time [9].
However, I assume both another kind in YList and expose a scientific name of S. superba var. kankaoensis in イジュ and do ヒメツバキ for this with S. walichii ssp. mertensiana [10].
By the way, when, as for this tree, there is not a flower because is the normal leaf type which a leaf is big, and a characteristic is hard to catch for camellia department from Japan somehow softly; is hand こずることがある for identification in a sprig.
Use
It may be cultivated in a garden and the park. Materials are good materials than イタジイ of the thing inferior to a podocarp, an evergreen tree of the family Theaceae and are used as various materials. In addition, I have used powder of the bark as fish harm [11].
When I cook Okinawa soba, the lye which I took out of the ash of the tree is used.
It is studied that I use it as a tree for the afforestation [12].
Source
- ^ Kitamura, Murata (1979)p.153
- Less than ^, it is mainly Satake other (1999),p.143
- ^ Kitamura, Murata (1979)p.153
- ^ Satake other (1999),p.142
- ^ Okinawa creature education meeting for the study (2004)p.100
- ^ Hatsushima (1975)p.409
- ^ Kitamura, Murata (1979)p.152-153
- ^ Satake other (1999),p.143
- ^ Hotta (1997),p.152
- A ^ YList plant name search list: August 5, 2014 reading
- ^ Amano (1982)p.112
- ^ Hotta (1997),p.152
References
- Yoshisuke Satake other compilations, "Japanese wild plant Kimoto I" (redecorated version), (1999), Heibonsha Publishers Ltd.
- Sumihiko Hatsushima "Ryukyu flora" (addition, correction version) ,(1975), Okinawa creature education meeting for the study
- Mitsuru Hotta, "a Eurya japonica sasanqua:" "7 of the morning sun all sorts of subject plant of the world," it is (1997), Asahi Shimbun: p.151-152.
- Shiro Kitamura, Gen Murata, "primary color Japan pictorial book of flora Kimoto edition [II]," it is (1989), childcare company
- Okinawa creature education meeting for the study compilation, "of the vigor of field guide Okinawa," it is published (2004), a nova
- Tetsuo Amano, "Ryukyu Islands useful tree," it is (1982), Ryukyu Islands useful tree publication society
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia ヒメツバキ
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