ヤークトパンター
 Jagdpanther (Sdkfz.173) | |
| Performance specifications | |
|---|---|
| Full length | 9.87 m |
| The body head | 6.87 m |
| Overall width | 3.27 m シュルツェン wearing 3.42m |
| Overall height | 2.715 m |
| Weight | 45.5 t |
| Suspension method | Double torsion bar method |
| Speed | 55km/h (the leveling of ground) 26km/h (the non-leveling of ground) |
| Action distance | 250km (the leveling of ground) 100km (the way outside) |
| The main battery | 71-caliber of 88mm Pak 43/3 or 43/4 (60) |
| Vice-armament | 7.92 mm MG34 machine gun *1 |
| Armor | 80mm |
| Engine | Maybach HL230 P30 4 stroke V-twelves liquid cold water gasoline 700 hp (515kW) |
| Crew | Five people |
ヤークトパンター (Jagdpanther) is an expulsion tank developed during World War II in Germany. Heat, a defence, mobility was high, and was superior to reliability again in comparison with other German 重駆逐戦車 and was a balanced armor battle vehicle generally.
Table of contents
Development process
This car uses the body of the bread tertank, and extend front armor and the lateral upper part to the upper part; and a battle room construction here bread ter; was equipped with a big 88mm gun of the diameter more. An engine, the travelling equipment are bread terとほぼ equivalence. The Reichswehr has dissatisfaction toward a point of the mobility for the antitank gun of the car traction type, and stages before requiring such expulsion tank include that they required the battle vehicle of the high self-propelled gun form of the utility.
The army weapon station suggested to the body of the new bread tertank that I put a new 8.8cm antitank gun together on August 3, 1942. The mass production plan of this time was July, 1943. Although development was called for by croup company, the company engaged in work to put an 88mm gun on the body of the IV tank, and it was impossible to make a plan by January. Therefore development work was moved in October to Daimler-Benz AG and aimed for producing vehicles in the summer of 1943. Croup company dealt with the support of the design and the main battery and the development of the naval gun mount. As for the design of Daimler-Benz AG, the body of bread terII was performed as the basis, and the technical details were decided in January, 1943. However, manufacturing planning of bread terII is canceled in May, 1943, and 8.8cm 重突撃砲 will be also made using the body of bread terI. The change of the improvement was carried out quickly. In addition, on May 24, 1943, production was succeeded in MIAG company by Daimler-Benz AG. The point that you should improve was succeeded on the bread terの body by a design of bread terII, and the mass production type body that had been improved was produced in a factory in September. In June, 1943, Daimler-Benz AG completed the mock-up of "the bread teraverage expulsion tank mounted with 71-caliber of 8.8cm gun", and MIAG company referred to this. The trial manufacture vehicle was completed in MIAG company in October, 1943. Trial manufacture the second car was completed in November.
As for the mass production, 10 輌程度 was produced every month quietly at first by 5 輌. The big cause of the production delay was reinforcement of a gearbox, a gearbox to steer and the drive system. Furthermore, lack and the air raid of the work force of MIAG company caused the delay, too. Production increased MNH company (Niedersachsen Hannover mechanic machine mill) and MBA company (マシーネンバウ ウント バーンベダルフ company) in November, 1944, and this situation watched improvement. However, the number of the best production was what's called 72 輌 in January, 1945 and was not the thing which I could possibly resist to the number of the vehicle production of allied powers although production advanced at a pace of number 10 輌 afterward. The number of the production relatively ended in a few with 415 輌 in total by MIAG, NMH, the MBA companies during from January, 1944 to April, 1945 [1].
Structure
It is an expulsion tank, and this car does not carry a gun turret. I arrange a gearbox, a gearbox and the 88mm main battery to steer for a battle room, the car's nose which are superior in 避弾経始 in an engine room, the body central part in the body rear. The power is turned on to the gearbox of the car's nose through the Cardin shaft under the floor, and it is distributed into the start ring of right and left with a gearbox to steer after it was slowed down here by the gasoline engine in the rear engine room. The crew were five people. Seeing from a car's nose, the rear, a driver boarded the left side, and the front machine gun hand and the radio hand boarded the right side across the gearbox. Seeing from battle room central part, the rear, a gunman boards the left side of the main battery and operates 砲. Others, a loading hand and the car head boarded it [2]. The hatch for the ride was established in three places. It is right above commander, the left side of the loading hand, the battle room rear.
The main battery was equipped with through an armor color by a front armor plate after having soaked a shield against. There are an initial model and a latter term model in this armor color. The armor color of the initial model joined an armor plate and a rivet in battle room part, and it was necessary to work in the inside of car that was small to remove it [3]. As for the armor color of the latter term model, the top and bottom was changed from the outside to the thing which I joined with four bolts each. The opening of the front armor plate opened when I took off a collar by this change, and the exchange work of a gearbox and the gearbox to steer became smooth [4]. The gun barrel of the main battery pulled it out from the hatch of the battle room rear and was able to take a gearbox and a behavior gearbox out of an opening by removing a shield against and an armor color [5]. Exchange work became able to perform the model more latter term than an initial model easily and became advantageous in maintenance.
The sighting device attached to the main battery was a periscope-type Sfl.ZF1 type, and the top of the sighting device jetted out of the ceiling and got view. Because a sighting device worked in right and left in conjunction with the main battery, a hole was opened to secure this moving part on a ceiling. A rail is established along this opening part, and a sliding armor plate is attached. A periscope was prepared for a reconnaissance device for the car head other than the artillery mirror of the crab eyes type [6]. A ventilator to ventilate smoke of powder was attached to the ceiling part. The headquarters such as the III charge gun is not established in ヤークトパンター, and a rotary periscope, a laterally fixed periscope are established instead. The improvement of the details is continued during production, e.g., ヤークトパンター can identify the difference in shape of 12 kinds including the periscope part of the cockpit front. In addition, the layout of the engine part top surface followed bread tertype A at first, but I am changed to the thing which followed a G type halfway, and an angle of inclination of the posterior battle room is different from a difference of each length. As for the former, the latter was classified as a ヤークトパンター G2 type a ヤークトパンター G1 type.
The concept called the combinatorial expulsion tank of the powerful main battery is inherited in SU-122-54 of KJPz.4-5 カノーネ and the Soviet Union of postwar West Germany in a rigid battle room of the low posture.
Offensive ability
I put 71-caliber of 8.8cm tank guns on the main battery. This has the power more than 70-caliber of 7.5cm tank guns (7.5cm KwK42 L/70) put bread terに on. As well as tea garfish II which carried same 砲, the vehicle which was equipped with a type gun barrel to this car in the initial model of the fleshy one piece type gun barrel and the latter period of the two pieces type that I was lightweighted, and productivity, maintenance characteristics were good existed. The number of the deployment ammunition is 57 or 60. The candlepower was +14 degrees from right and left 22 degrees, elevation corner -8 degrees. A range was gun elevation 15 degrees, and 9,350m, the discharge speed were eight from six a minute [7].
8.8cm KwK43/L71 was able to use a cover hat hard and strong cannonball (8.8cmPzGr39/43), a synthetic hard nuclear hard and strong cannonball (8.8cmPzGr40/43), high-explosive projectile (8.8cmSprGr43), an anti-tank high-explosive projectile (8.8cmHlGr39). The cover hat hard and strong cannonball of warhead 10.16 kg in weight was emitted at muzzle velocity 1,000m/s. The penetration performance for the steel sheet put up perpendicularly is 205mm at 186mm, 500m at 170mm, 1,000m at 154mm, 1,500m at 2,000m. In addition, the synthetic hard nuclear hard and strong cannonball of warhead 7.5 kg in weight was emitted at muzzle velocity 1,130m/s. The penetration performance for the steel sheet put up perpendicularly is 270mm at 233mm, 500m at 205mm, 1,000m at 175mm, 1,500m at 2,000m. The anti-tank high-explosive projectile showed penetration performance of 90mm in all ranges. It turns out following if I compare it with the front armor of the main battle vehicle that the allied powers side deployed this [8].
- It is 射貫 from distance 2,800m with front armor of T-34-85.
- It is 射貫 from distance 3,000m with front armor of KV-85.
- It is 射貫 from distance 2,300m with front armor of IS-2.
- It is 射貫 from distance 3,500m with the front armor of the Cromwell cruise tank.
- It is 射貫 from distance 3,500m with the front armor of the Churchill foot soldier tank.
- It is 射貫 from distance 3,000m with the front armor of the M4A2 shaman 75mm gun type.
- It is 射貫 from distance 3,000m with the front armor of the M4A4 shaman 76mm gun type.
(the thing that the penetration data calculated it for embolum 60 degrees, front shooting)
I raise a main battery fixed hook fixed to the floor at the time of the run and I spend this on a breech and fix it. 砲 was fixed with gun elevation 7 degrees. A gun barrel greatly shook at the time of the run that I fixed, and I added big power to the gear for the chastity gun, and problems such as the confusion of the damage and the precision occurred [3].
Seeing from the rear of the front part of body, I equipped a ball mount-type gun rest (with three kinds delicately different in a shape by production time) with 7.92mmMG34 machine gun on the right side. The number of the bullets is 600 [7]. The front armor is up to 80mm, but 避弾経始 which the body and a battle room unified is good; because was designed, the real armor defence was bigger.
A turning-type proximity defense weapon for the self-defense was equipped with by others, a ceiling part. This projects a high-explosive projectile of 26mm. I carried MP40 two of them, bullet 384 in the inside of car [7].
Defence
This car realizes a design superior in 避弾経始. The front upper part armor places an 80mm steel sheet of the bread terconcession at an angle of 30 degrees for the ground and makes it easy to flip a dead shot and increases thickness of the armor on the trajectory to 160mm again. The front lower part armor is located at 35 degrees for the ground, and this thickness is 50mm. The lateral upper part has thickness of 50mm, and the lateral armor inclines to 60 degrees for stability. The lateral retainer whom the travelling equipment is attached to is put up in the perpendicularity with thickness of 40mm. The battle room rear has thickness of 40mm, and the body rear has an angle of 55 degrees for stability. The engine room rear was placed to 60 degrees with 40mm thickness for the ground. In the ceiling, an armor plate of the 16mm thickness is used for the floor board 25mm thickness [9].
For ability for front defense to have of this car, it turns out following when I compare the main battery penetration performance of the main battle vehicle which the Allied Forces deployed [10].
- The 85mm gun of T-34-85 cannot penetrate.
- The 85mm gun of KV-85 cannot penetrate.
- The 122mm gun of IS-2 can penetrate from distance 100m.
- The 75mm gun of the Cromwell cruise tank cannot penetrate.
- The 75mm gun of the Churchill foot soldier tank cannot penetrate.
- The 75mm gun of the M4A2 shaman 75mm gun type cannot penetrate.
- The 76.2mm gun of the M4A4 shaman 76mm gun type cannot penetrate.
(the thing that the penetration data calculated it for embolum 60 degrees, front shooting)
Therefore, I detoured to the side to overthrow ヤークトパンター, and it was necessary to pour a dead shot on the side or the back. When I let you hit the periscope of the operation hand by a lucky single blow, I could expect overthrowing and was able to stop ヤークトパンター when I let you hit 履帯, decelerator again. However, the direct hit to the side was necessary to point to the coup de grace [11].
An automatic fire extinguishing device was equipped the engine room with. When the temperature of the engine room exceeded 160 degrees as for this, the extinguishant which mixed carbon, chlorine, bromine was jetted by an extinguishant filling cylinder. But, from lack of placement of the temperature analyzer, the even detection of the temperature included unreasonableness, and there was much malfunction.
Three kinds of an initial model to fix with a bolt from the inside of car, the Middle model that I came to fix from the outside, the latter period type when I added to the thickness of the bolt hole penumbra can confirm the main naval gun mount part armor color around the ザウコフ (head of the pig) type manta. In addition, antitank gun, Pak43/3 Sockellafette (fixed battery) IIa for the fixed position that put this 砲 on the cross naval gun mount (with the at least trial manufacture type) together with ザウコフ was made and was used in the actual fighting.
Mobility
The travelling equipment is the approximately same as the thing of the bread tertank. I adopted HL230P30 water-cooled V12 gasoline engine made in Maybach Corporation to an engine. This engine output 700HP at 3,000 rounds time and let you run ヤークトパンター of 45.5 tons of gross weight at 55km/h per an hour. A flying range is 100km out of 250km, the way on a street. The carrying fuel was 720 liters, and the mileage used 2.8 liters to run 1km on a street and used 7 liters to run 1km when out of the way. 履帯 connected 86 pieces of one side and constituted it. As for the width of this 履帯, 660mm, 履帯接地長 are 3,920cm on the leveling of ground. The grounding pressure was 0.87kg/ square cm [12].
The clutch is a dry process multi-disc. Three pieces of clutch boards were put and cut it with an engine and connection of the power with the main gearbox. As for the gearbox, the gearbox to steer was able to choose seven steps of progress, gear of one step of next generation using ZF"AK7-200". I adopted シングルラディアス method made in MAN company for a steering method, and the turning radius was 10 meters. I cut power to inside 履帯 and brake it that this cuts down on speed of unilateral 履帯 at the big turning radius using planetary gear mechanism and copes, and to turn as far as it is small [13].
The suspension is a double torsion bar method. I tie two torsion bars with a connecter and did this like a hairpin every side to the floor bottom of the body, and man-hours increase, and there is an evil to use the space under the floor, and to raise overall height, but is a form to have superior buffering ability and flattery ability from a big suspension stroke to the high topography. Although I bent it other than bread terの case torsion stress, and the stress increased, the German tank design did not have any problem and handled this. Furthermore, King Chakravarti was placed in the insertion type.
The candlepower that could point to the main battery because it did not carry a gun turret was limited to right and left 22 degrees, and it was necessary to turn by every vehicle to the direction when an enemy appeared outside this range [14]. Therefore, this car was forced to a frequent turn, and such movement put a big burden on an internal gearbox, a gearbox to steer or the travelling equipment such as 履帯 or the start ring. In addition, a big burden suffered from a start ring, the first King Chakravarti for a tall and stout gun barrel and the front armor that the area was large thick because a nose was heavy. When I used the normal drive shaft which bread terに was used in for this car, abnormality was caused at an average of 35km. A reduction gear was strengthened on October 28, 1944, and this problem was almost overcome. I was able to act at 500km from 400km without ヤークトパンター equipped with strengthened reduction gear causing trouble [15].
The initial models examining are ways of the wearing of bread terと same 履帯, but there are many things which it is any reason in ヤークトパンター fully deployed or wears in anteroposterior reverse.
Change of the name
It is a regulation number on this vehicle: A number of Sd.Kfz.173 was given. In addition, the beginning of design is called 重突撃砲 of the bread Tasha sea, the bread terの charge gun.
The name after regulation adoption "a tank expulsion car of the 8.8cm43-type antitank gun-based bread tertype I number of cars" "tank expulsion car Bakery "the expulsion tank bread with the ter" 8.8cm43 type (71-caliber) antitank gun ter", などと changed. I came to be called "ヤークトパンター" by a regulation on the documents from April, 1944. "V (重) expulsion tank 71-caliber 8.8cm antitank gun 43/3 ヤークトパンター" and a thing written down could slightly only confirm the name of "V expulsion tank" (ごごうくちくせんしゃ, Germany: Jagdpanzer V) in one of the documents just before the end of the war and were still less a general thing in the large wartime. [16]
The name of ヤークトパンター was decided for the last time on November 29, 1943 [17]. ヤークトパンター and a private notification name were decided the President by order on February 27, 1944 [17]; [18].
余談だがヒトラーはこの車両に一目ぼれしたらしく、ヤークトパンターと直接命名したのはヒトラー本人であり、「この車両はティーガーⅡ戦車数両の価値がある」と熱弁したという。
なお、田宮模型がプラモデルの商品名としてエルヴィン・ロンメルにちなんで「ロンメル」という名称を用いたため、日本国内ではそのように呼称されることもあるが、それはあくまでも商品名であり、実際にはそのような名称は使われていない。
実戦
新兵器を投入するには定数を満たして集中運用することが望ましいが、ヤークトパンターはそのような原則は無視して戦場へ送られ続けた。ヤークトパンターの配備された時期のドイツ軍は、戦況が日に日に悪化しており、新品の兵器を補充された部隊が即時投入されることは珍しいことではなかった。また兵器への習熟、訓練期間はなく、大部隊を編成し演習を行うことも無理であった。
1944年、まずヤークトパンターは第654（重）戦車駆逐大隊へ配備された。同大隊はそれまで東部戦線でフェルディナント重駆逐戦車を装備して戦っており、戦力の補充のため後送された。次に第559（重）戦車駆逐大隊と第519（重）戦車駆逐大隊が装備を改編した。第560（重）戦車駆逐大隊と第655（重）戦車駆逐大隊がそれにつづいたが、定数を満たすものではなく、その補充も遅々としたものだった。
第654（重）戦車駆逐大隊は西部戦線へ投入され、1944年7月30日の報告では、同大隊は第LXXIV戦車軍団に配属されており、うち3輌のヤークトパンターが、イギリス第6近衛戦車旅団のチャーチル戦車1個中隊を迎撃した。2分間の交戦の後に、チャーチル戦車2個中隊が援軍に現われ、ヤークトパンターは被弾して丘の背後へ後退した。この戦闘ではヤークトパンター2輌が履帯に被弾し、放棄された。チャーチル戦車はこの短い戦闘で11輌の損失を出した[19]。この後の激しい戦闘によって消耗した同大隊は、1944年9月9日、グラーフェンベーア演習場へ補充のため後送されることが決定した。
1944年11月18日、第654（重）戦車駆逐大隊はグラーフェンベーア演習場から再び西部戦線へ鉄道輸送された。11月20日から30日までの連続作戦によってヤークトパンター18輌が失われた。戦果は敵戦車52輌撃破、9輌中破、対戦車砲10門の撃破であった[20]。
第563（重）戦車駆逐大隊は1945年1月20日にアルレンシュタインで編成を行い、21日に終了するや出動となった。同大隊はヤークトパンター18輌とIV号駆逐戦車24輌を装備し、以後10日間の戦闘で敵戦車58輌を撃破した。ヤークトパンターは13輌を失った。この内訳は燃料不足による爆破放棄が8輌、行動不能による爆破放棄が1輌、長期間修理の後に爆破放棄が3輌であり、敵に撃破されたものは1輌のみであった[21]。
1945年1月以降にもなると、ヤークトパンターの敵は敵戦車ではなく、燃料不足、補修部品の不足、初期不良、生産遅延であった。五月雨的に、基準も編成も考慮せず、生産するそばから最寄りの部隊へ配備し、戦場へ即投入するという状況もヤークトパンターの喪失を招いた。適切な補修のないまま分散配置されたヤークトパンターがひとたび故障を起こした場合、回収の手立てはほぼないに等しかった。例としては、SS第12戦車師団の戦車連隊に組み込まれた第560（重）戦車駆逐大隊のヤークトパンターが挙げられる。この車輛は1945年3月8日に故障し、回収作業が行われたのは3月21日であった。回収は連隊固有の戦車を優先して行われ、ヤークトパンターの作業は後回しにされた。また戦車連隊は大隊の事情を無視し、修理の終ったヤークトパンターを逐次不特定の部隊へ割り当てた。こうした戦局の末期的な悪化に伴う組織上の不備と混乱によって、故障を起こし、あるいは燃料の尽きたヤークトパンターはドイツ戦車兵自らの手で爆破放棄されていった[22]。
登場作品
アニメ
-
- 『ガールズ&パンツァー』
- 黒森峰女学園の使用戦車として登場。また、劇場版では大学選抜チームの紅白戦で紅組が使用。
ゲーム
-
- 『R.U.S.E.』
- ドイツの駆逐戦車として登場。
- 『War Thunder』
- ドイツ陸軍の駆逐戦車として登場。
- 『World of Tanks』
- ドイツ駆逐戦車Jagdpantherとして開発可能。12.8cmクルップ案も、「Jagdpanther II」として登場する。
- 『コンバットチョロQ』
- アリーナのミドルクラスの5番目の他、特定の作戦に登場。
- 『新コンバットチョロQ』
- プレイヤーが使用可能な「Qタンク」として登場。12.8cmクルップ案も、「パンタークルップ」として登場する。
- 『パンツァーフロントbis.』
-
![[icon]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png)
この節の加筆が望まれています。
脚注
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p25。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p28からp31。
- ^ a b シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p12からp13。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p24。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『パンター戦車』p221。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『パンター戦車』p225
- ^ a b c シュピールベルガー『パンター戦車』p279
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p50
- ^ シュピールベルガー『パンター戦車』添付資料11、装甲厚と傾斜角度のデータによる。p289
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p50
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p49
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p173。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『パンター戦車』p62。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『パンター戦車』p225。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p35。
- ^ ヴァルター・J.シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』木村義明 訳、大日本絵画、1994年、pp.7f。
- ^ a b シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p8。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『パンター戦車』p227。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p32。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p36。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p46。
- ^ シュピールベルガー『重駆逐戦車』p47からp49。
参考文献
- ヴァルター・J・シュピールベルガー、富岡吉勝 監修、木村義明 訳『重駆逐戦車』大日本絵画、1994年。ISBN 4-499-22637-6
- ヴァルター・J・シュピールベルガー、富岡吉勝 監修、木村義明 訳『パンター戦車』大日本絵画、1999年。ISBN 4-499-22694-5
外部リンク
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia ヤークトパンター
This article is distributed by cc-by-sa or GFDL license in accordance with the provisions of Wikipedia.
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