Tetrahydrofolate

Tetrahydrofolate
Identification information
CAS registration number	29,347-89-5
PubChem	1129
MeSH	5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic+acid
Characteristic
Chemical formula	C19H23N7O6
Molar mass	445.43 g/mol
I can put a case, the data without the special mention for normal temperature (25 degrees Celsius), the ordinary pressure (100 kPa).

The tetrahydrofolate (tetrahydroTetrahydrofolic acid not to need) is one of the folic acid derivatives.

Table of contents

Metabolism

Biosynthesis by the Homo sapiens

I am composed by dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3) by dihydrofolate. This enzymatic reaction is obstructed by methotrexate. The dihydrofolate is switched to 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate after this by glycine cleavage system or serine hydroxymethyl transferase (EC 2.1.2.1).

Biosynthesis due to eubacteria

Some eubacteria compose ジヒドロプテロイン acid using ジヒドロプテロイン acid synthase. There is not this enzyme to Homo sapiens. This composition helps sulfonamide-based antibiotic composition, and this competes with a 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) precursor.

•  

  Dihydrofolate

•  

  5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate

Function

Tetrahydrofolate is coenzyme about metabolism of many reactions particularly an amino acid and the nucleic acid. It functions as 1 carbon group donor, but this carbon gets it from formaldehyde composed by other biosynthesis. The tetrahydrofolate is reduced by methotrexate obstructing nucleotidic composition.

The lack of the tetrahydrofolate may cause major ball-related anemia.

Methotrexate may cause a myeloablation.

Biochemistry reaction

 

Reproduction of THF with metabolism and vitamin B12 with the tetrahydrofolate (THF), de:Folsäure= folic acid, DHF= dihydrofolate, THF= tetrahydrofolate, Vit.B12= vitamin B12, Methyl-Vit.B12= methyl cobalamine, Methionin= methionine, Methionin Syntase=5- methyl tetrahydrofolate - homocysteine methyl transferase, Homocystein= homocysteine, N5-Methyl-THF=5- methyl tetrahydrofolate, N5,N10-Methylene-THF=5,10- methylenetetrahydrofolate, N10-Formyl-THF=10- formyl tetrahydrofolate, dUMP= deoxyuridine monophosphate, NADPH, DNA

Generation from 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate

5-methyl tetrahydrofolate - homocysteine methyl transferase includes methyl cobalamine (MeB₁₂) which is cofactor and assumes 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate (N⁵-methyl-THF) and homocysteine a substrate.

This enzymatic reaction goes by two-step table tennis mechanism. Firstly MeB₁₂ and tetrahydrofolate (THF) are formed by transposition of the methyl radical from 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate (N⁵-methyl-THF). Then, methyl radical transposes it to homocysteine from MeB₁₂, and methionine is formed at the same time as cobalamine (B₁₂) reproduces.

 

Generation from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate

Generation reaction with the serine hydroxymethyl transferase

Tetrahydrofolate + L- serine ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons}$  5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate+ Glycine + H2O

Generation reaction with the thymidylic acid synthase (FAD)

5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) + FADH₂ → thymidylic acid (dTMP) + tetrahydrofolate + FAD

The synthesis of DNA is concluded by advancing with dUMP-dTMP-dTDP (thymidine diphosphoric acid) -dTTP (thymidine triphosphate) [¹]; [the ^{high level source required}]. Folic acid is necessary for DNA composition, and it is a substrate about the important reaction that vitamin B12 necessary for all cell division is included in [²].

Footnote

1. The lecture China Rousaibyoin center Banking Inspection Department of ^ blood test - megaloblast-related anemia 1999/03/10
2. ^ Goh YI & Koren G (2008) Folic acid in pregnancy and fetal outcomes. J Obstet Gynaecol 28, 3-13.

Allied item

• Methionine
• Homocysteine
• 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate
• 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate - homocysteine methyl transferase
• ST medical mixture … Medical mixture of sulfonamide-based antibiotic and trimethoprim
• Rheumatoid arthritis … Methotrexate is treated as standard medicine. I hold down the activity of the lymphocyte.

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