Jack (cards)
It is the card of cards seen in the deck of the Britain and the United States type that the noble traditional man who and wore venerable clothes in the body that Jack (English: with Jack,Knave [[ˈneɪv]]) was worn generally in Europe from the 16th to the 17th century is described in or the France type. The normal rank is 11 (between 10 and the queen). A rank is the lowest in the face card, and Jack must have it of positions more than a pair of Jack to continue a play with -, e.g., many varieties of the poker which often express a minimum (with (Jack or better [Jacks or better], the list of poker hands reference).
Table of contents
History
The forerunner of Jack is サーニー ナーイブ seen in a card of the マムルーク morning (the second governor-general). This card was the most low degree among face cards. In addition, like other face cards, it was expressed by an abstract picture or a letter. When cards were brought by Italy or Spain, サーニー ナーイブ changed in a foot soldier to act as under the card of the knight or a page (page). I was called Valais (servant) in France, and a card of the Queen was added among knights with King. The card of the knight was not used other than the tarot later, and the servant became the card right under the Queen. The form of this King, Queen, servant was brought by the U.K.
At the about mid-16th century, this card was known as ネイブ (meaning called the footman serving the Imperial Court Knave) in England. The word "Jack" was used as the thing which meant "ネイブ" generally, too, but this card established it as "Jack" since the Samuel heart that was a British cards manufacturer used the sign of "J" for the low face card of the rank most in substitution for "Kn" in 1864 [1]. Before it, ネイブ was called Jack in a game called Seven-Up from the 17th century, but this name of moderate means - lower class called it, and it was thought with. However, I often caused confusion among both because abbreviated designation "Kn" of ネイブ resembled "K" of King very much. This confusion will be emphasized still more when it comes to be located at the corner of the card when a player opened a card into a fan form so that soot and a rank do not hide. It was known that this type of thing appeared in 1693, but heart changed ネイブ to Jack in 1864 and did not spread out until I introduced it again. However, with the book about cards published from 1850 through 1875, I still transcribed it into ネイブ and was still recognized as ネイブ in the U.K. (Estella who is one of the characters for a novel "great inheritance" of Charles Dickens towards a hero with "He calls the knaves, Jacks, this boy!" and the crying scene).
Other area
In Spain and Portugal, the bottom face card is called Sota (sota). It is a woman noun, but the painting of the man is often described. The top of Sota is a knight not Queen. In addition, it is the card of the Latin method, and spot cards are usually written as 10 to an index of Sota only to 9 because there is not it. I call even Japanese のうんすん karuta from Portuguese cards ソウタ, and the painting of the woman is described.
The bottom face card is called ファンテ (fante, foot soldier) in Italy.
When I use the card of Britain and the United States, the French style in German, I call it ブーベ (Bube, page). There is not Queen by the German style card, and a card equal to Jack is divided into two kinds of Unter and Ober instead.
In Chinese, I call Jack "丁" (because form is similar to J), "勾" (because a J-shape does uncus form).
With the cards of Hindi, I am called by a term Gulaam meaning a servant. When it was the late 20th century, the rank that Jack had was changed to the thing of the strong rank that kept out other cards in game "Teen patti" or "Flash" of the origin in India by a weak rank at then. The Indian people have begun to call Jack Jaats (Indian fighting against caste). "Jaat" (Jack) of hukum (spade) is a card of the ranks that is the strongest in other soot. Ashutosh Tomar which is the person who called Jack Jaats first is resident in the U.K. as of 2014.
Description with the historical person
There is not the thing which expressed an authorized person to the face card which included Jack, but, on the deck of the Britain and the United States type, the history top and a mythological person are expressed to a face card in contrast on the deck of the France type. On the deck of the French type, tie diamond Jack, Lancelot or Judah マカバイ to a jack of clubs in jack of hearts, Hector (is a prince of Troia Troia group strongest soldier in the Trojan War) with a jack of spades [2], la yl (Taketo from France, Gascony district) traditionally in Augier le ダノワ (alone legendary hero of Paradin appearing in the chanson de geste of the French シャルルマーニュ legend in the Middle Ages) [3]; [4].
Expression on the literature
The person image of Jack has been written in many literary works in history. British writer, Samuel Roland of the 17th century is one of those. E. F. Satire novel series "The Four Knaves" of リムバウルト is the work about cards. Of the inside, in "The Knave of Clubbs: Tis Merry When Knaves Meet, a first edition was published" (ネイブ of the club) in 1600, and a reprint was published in 1609 and 1611. Roland wrote "The Knave of Harts: Haile Fellowe, Well Meet" in "Supplication To Card-Makers" of リムバウルト based on the series of リムバウルト in 1612 to follow that I promised to a reader in the end of a volume of this book [5]. It is thought that this book is a thing written about cards manufacturer of the U.K. which copied a card of the imperial family born in France on the deck of the Britain and the United States type.
Example
It is a design of Jack seen in the deck of the French type as follows (in France called "Valais"). By the French type, the man who associated it with the history top and a mythological person is drawn. There is the design of the deck of the current (traditional) Britain and the United States type in the photograph of the top of this page.
Form as the trickster
Jack is a card of the ranks of the weakest in the face card traditionally, but, in the rank that ace and King are usually strong most and the place where it is, there is the game to appear as a thing of this rank that Jack does the same class in strongest or it before two. This phenomenon is seen even in the euchre that is the game that is newer in Karnöffel which is the first game of Europe as far as I am known. Games to be considered that Jack is the strongest include the following things.
Allied item
- The radical artist group which was formed in Moscow in diamond Jack -1909 year.
- The hero who appears to the Jack heart - Ma Bell comics.
- ジャッカー electric shock corps(1977「The super squadron series"Second product) - A hero named diamond Jack whom east dragon (a voice: Hirayama, Ito) plays the part of appears.
- The ultra man who came home when I needed the proper noun in each at the time of ultra man Jack - ultra family introduction was given a name of ultra man Jack.
Footnote
- ^ Encyclopedia of Play in Today's Society, p. 290, Rodney P. Carlisle - Sage Publications INC 2009 ISBN 1-4129-6670-1
- ^ Games and Fun with Playing Cards by Joseph Leeming on Google books
- ^ The Four King Truth "Snopes.com"
- Illustration by ^ Courts on playing cardsDavid Madore (painter of the face card of Britain and the United States, the French type)
- ^ The Knave of Harts: Haile Fellowe, Well Meet, where his Supplication To Card-Makers Samuel Roland (1600)
Good card-makers (if there be any goodness in you), Apparrell us with more respected care,
Put us in hats, our caps are worne thread-bare, Let us have standing collers, in the fashion;
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Jack (cards)
This article is distributed by cc-by-sa or GFDL license in accordance with the provisions of Wikipedia.
In addition, Tranpedia is simply not responsible for any show is only by translating the writings of foreign licenses that are compatible with CC-BY-SA license information.
0 개의 댓글:
댓글 쓰기