シアニディオシゾン

シアニディオシゾン
Cyanidioschyzon merolae of the interphase
Classification
ドメ In : Eukaryote Eukaryota 界 : アーケプラスチダ Archaeplastida The gate : Rhodophyta gate Rhodophyta Amon : イデユコゴメ Amon Cyanidiophytina Rope : イデユコゴメ rope Cyanidiophyceae Eyes : イデユコゴメ eyes Cyanidiales Course : イデユコゴメ department Cyanidiaceae The genus : シアニディオシゾン genus Cyanidioschyzon Kind : シアニディオシゾン C. merolae
Scientific name
Cyanidioschyzon merolae De Luca et al. 1978[1]

シアニディオシゾン (a scientific name: Cyanidioschyzon merolae, popular name シゾン) is single cell-related red algae to grow in the Italian hot spring. A genome was decoded for a truth nuclear alga for the first time by a group of Professor Tsuneyoshi Kuroiwa of Rikkyo University and was reported to a Nature magazine on April 8, 2004.

Table of contents

Characteristic

シアニディオシゾン is phototroph having a chloroplast derived from primary symbiosis in a cell in a small alga of approximately 1.5μm in diameter. With hot spring algae liking high temperature acid environment, the optimal growth condition is temperature 42 degrees Celsius, pH 2.5. It may be included in extremophile by growing it under such a special environment.

Cytoarchitecture

The organelle constitution of シアニディオシゾン is simple, and a nucleus, a chloroplast, mitochondria, a Goldi body, peroxisome are included in by one all. As for the cell, a study of the cell division mechanism using シアニディオシゾン particularly a study on mitochondrial mitotic apparatus and chloroplast mitotic apparatus is pushed forward by what can make cell division tuning by the control of the light condition easily.

Genome

Summary of シアニディオシゾンゲノム

Item	Shape	Base pair	The number of the genes
Nucleus	Linear	16,546,747 bp	5335
Chloroplast	Annular	149,987 bp	208
Mitochondria	Annular	32,211 bp	34

シアニディオシゾン has 20 chromosomes to a nucleus, and 0.45 - 1.62Mbp, a genome of approximately 16,500,000 total base pair are included in each size. The thing that 5,335 genes of the nuclear cord encode protein soon is 4,775. These genes include almost none of the intron, and the gene which 25 genes having intron in one place have in two places is slightly one. The number of シアニディオシゾン genes is a class smallest for the eukaryote except the parasitic thing in this way.

Footnote

1. ^ De Luca P, Taddei R, Varano L (1978). "Cyanidioschyzon merolae: a new alga of thermal acidic environments." Webbia 33: 37-44. 

References

• Yoon, Hwan Su, K. M. Mu"ller, R. G. Sheath, F. D. Ott, and D. Bhattacharya (2006). "Defining the major lineages of red algae (Rhodophyta)." J. Phycol. It is 482-492 42. 
• Kuroiwa T (2005). "Mechanism of mitochondrial and plastid divisions: memory of 3 genome sequences of Cyanidioschyzon merolae as an origin of enkaryote." Protein nucleic acid enzyme 50 (2): 97-110.  PMID 15704456
• Kuroiwa T (2005). "Mechanism of origin and evolution of eukaryote on basis of genome analysis of a red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae." Protein nucleic acid enzyme 50 (16): 2210-8.  PMID 16411453
• Matsuzaki M, Misumi O, Shin-I T, Maruyama S, Takahara M, Miyagishima SY, Mori T, Nishida K, Yagisawa F, Nishida K, Yoshida Y, Nishimura Y, Nakao S, Kobayashi T, Momoyama Y, Higashiyama T, Minoda A, Sano M, Nomoto H, Oishi K, Hayashi H, Ohta F, Nishizaka S, Haga S, Miura S, Morishita T, Kabeya Y, Terasawa K, Suzuki Y, Ishii Y, Asakawa S, Takano H, Ohta N, Kuroiwa H, Tanaka K, Shimizu N, Sugano S, Sato N, Nozaki H, Ogasawara N, Kohara Y, Kuroiwa T (2004). "Genome sequence of the ultrasmall unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D." Nature 428 (6983): 653-7.  PMID 15071595
• Nozaki H, et al. (2007). "A 100%-complete sequence reveals unusually simple genomic features in the hot-spring red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae." It is doi: BMC Biology 5:28 10.1186/1741-7007-5-28. 

Allied item

• Red algae
• Genome project

Outside link

• Cyanidioschyzon merolae Genome Project
• Rikkyo University cell biology laboratory

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