Vehicle ID number
It is a cord of the one idea including the serial number that I use to distinguish individual vehicles in car industry, and the vehicle ID number (and Vehicle Identification Number is common and abbreviates it VIN) is defined by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 3833.
It was a beginning that an American car manufacturer adopted VIN in 1954, but, as for this number, each manufacturer used an original style before 1981 without giving it off with a standard. VIN except I (eye), O (O), Q (cue) is comprised of 17 columns of alphanumeric characters (do not confuse it with 1 (いち) of the number and 0 (zero)).
Because I use the "model - number" number of cars number that Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport establishes written on the cover, in the case of a vehicle for Japanese country that a Japanese maker manufactures and sells, VIN is not adopted. But it is not this limit about a vehicle for overseas export and the car to manufacture in a plant abroad.
The person who is going to purchase a used car is in the country which inquires, and gives a service of the vehicle history so that a theft calendar and an accident calendar (branded vehicle), a defective car (lemon) are ascertained using VIN. The list of countries which this kind of service is available to refers to an article of "en:used car".
Table of contents
Constitution of VIN
The recent vehicle ID number system is based on two kinds of associated standard norms, ISO 3779 and ISO 3780 which originally International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published in 1979 and 1980 each. It is adopted by different method of implementation somewhat in European Union (EU) and the United States of America while having these ISO standard norms and compatibility. [1]
VIN is constructed by the following division:
| Standard norm | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISO 3779 | International manufacturer identifier | VDS | VIS | ||||||||||||||||
| European Union & North America More than 500 yearly output | International manufacturer identifier | Vehicle attribute | Check digit | Age type | Factory sign | Consecutive number | |||||||||||||
| European Union & North America Less than 500 yearly output | International manufacturer identifier | Vehicle attribute | Check digit | Age type | Factory sign | International manufacturer identifier | Consecutive number | ||||||||||||
International manufacturer identifier
Three columns of the beginning distinguish a manufacturer of the one idea using international manufacturer identifier (World Manufacturer Identifier) or WMI sign. The manufacturer less than 500 yearly output uses 9 for 12, 13, the 14th figure of the international manufacturer identification part of the third column and the second of VIN. There is the place where I use the third column letter for the division in a sign and the manufacturer or both vehicle division (e.g.,: a bus, a truck) in the manufacturer. For example, in 1G (assigned to General Motors Corp. of the United States of America), in 1G1, in 1G2, 1GC expresses a truck of Chevrolet by car of Pontiac by car of Chevrolet.
SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) of the United States of America assigns WMI to each country and manufacturer. [2]
The first letter of WMI expresses the area where a manufacturer is located, but because I can assign the location of the head office in the European area, all Opel Vauxhall cars which, for example, are made in Germany, the U.K., Spain, each factory of Poland use VIN beginning in WOL, and this is because there is the head office in Germany. In addition, I adopt VIN which Peugeot .4007 to be made in Renault ラティテュード and Japan made in Korea begins in V.F. same as a product made in own country France.
A production country can distinguish the vehicle to manufacture in a plant abroad of the Japanese maker to have the sign of each country if I see two columns of the beginning of VIN.
Name of a country sign
In the following notation, the letter says that 0 is the last number prior to a number. For example, 8X-82 expresses 8X, 8Y, 8Z, 81, 82. I am careful about what 80 is not included in here.
| A–H = Africa | J–R = Asia | S–Z = Europe | 1–5 = North America | 6–7 = Oceania | 8–9 = South America |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AA-AH South Africa | JA-JT Japan | The SA-SM U.K. | The 1A-10 United States | 6A - 6W Australia | 8A-8E Argentina |
Vehicle description division
The ninth column is vehicle description division (Vehicle Descriptor Section) or VDS from the fourth column of VIN. This identifies the model of the vehicle according to an individual rule and may include the used platform, model and information of the body form. Each manufacturer uses this division in an original method. Since the 1980s, most manufacturers use the eighth column for identifying the engine model when I can put plural engines on one car model. For example, I express U= 6.0L V8, E= 7.0L V8 in Chevrolet Corbett of 2007.
Check digit in North America
One of the coherent element is the ninth column used as check digit appropriately. It is essential to a North American vehicle, and this rule is used appropriately even any place other than North America throughout.
Vehicle identifier division
The 17th column is used from the tenth column of VIN as vehicle identifier division (Vehicle Identifier Section) or VIS. This is used to identify the vehicle concerned by a manufacturer. I may include the information of an option article attached to this, an engine model and the transmission model, but am usually a simple consecutive number. Actually, five columns of the last must be numbers in the North America.
Age-style encoding
It is the tenth column, and one of the coherent elements of VIS is necessary to encode an age type of the vehicle in the North America. U, Z of the letter and 0 of the number are not used in the mark other than three characters (I, O, Q) that are not permitted in VIN in itself in the year. I am careful about being an age type of the vehicle in the year.
They were encoded with "A" (because 17 columns of VIN was not performed imposition of until 1981, the manufacturer was able to use "A" or zero in VIN in before 1981) in some manufacturers particularly General Motors Corp. and Chrysler Corp. in 1980, but Ford Motor Co. and AMC used zero in business in 1980. The later letters which I can use increase, and "Y" will express 2000. I am expressed after it with 9 from 1 of the number in "A", "B", "C" in 2009 from 2001.
| Mark | The year | Mark | The year | Mark | The year | Mark | The year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A = | 1980 | L = | 1990 | Y = | 2000 | A = | 2010 |
| B = | 1981 | M = | 1991 | 1 = | 2001 | B = | 2011 |
| C = | 1982 | N = | 1992 | 2 = | 2002 | C = | 2012 |
| D = | 1983 | P = | 1993 | 3 = | 2003 | D = | 2013 |
| E = | 1984 | R = | 1994 | 4 = | 2004 | E = | 2014 |
| F = | 1985 | S = | 1995 | 5 = | 2005 | F = | 2015 |
| G = | 1986 | T= | 1996 | 6 = | 2006 | G = | 2016 |
| H = | 1987 | V = | 1997 | 7 = | 2007 | H = | 2017 |
| J = | 1988 | W = | 1998 | 8 = | 2008 | J = | 2018 |
| K = | 1989 | X = | 1999 | 9 = | 2009 | K = | 2019 |
Factory sign in North America
Another coherent factor (essential in North America) is to use the thing which encoded the manufacturing facility of the vehicle for the eleventh column letter. Each manufacturer each has an original factory sign, but these are standardized in VIN.
Check digit numeration
When I inspect VIN using check digit, I invalidate whether you exclude check digit for a calculation first (a) (b) by 0 multiplication (multiplicative property of zero) of the weighting level. Thereafter, I compare the value of the calculation result with the original value of the check digit. Two values must accord (when a calculation does not have an error), and there is an error in VIN. However, it is not proved that VIN is right as for agreeing. This is because the check digit that one of 11 times accords in any two different VIN may exist.
Substituted to a number
The substitution removes all the letters and performs it by replacing those letters with a suitable number corresponding to each. I nominate a number to substitute by a letter for the face below. The use of I, O and Q is not permitted and is not used for effective VIN. These letters assume it N/A (there is no application) on using this table. The number uses the same value.
| A: 1 | B: 2 | C: 3 | D: 4 | E: 5 | F: 6 | G: 7 | H: 8 | I: N/A |
| J: 1 | K: 2 | L: 3 | M: 4 | N: 5 | O: N/A | P: 7 | Q: N/A | R: 9 |
| S: 2 | T: 3 | U: 4 | V: 5 | W: 6 | X: 7 | Y: 8 | Z: 9 |
It is 2, and there is not S with 1. I do not make left filling in a line.
Weighting level to use by a calculation
The weighting levels for each figure in VIN are as follows. I invalidate the ninth column check digit to 0 at a stage of the substitution multiplication.
| Figure | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weighting level | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
Calculation example
VIN of the supposition: I try to think about 1M8GDM9A_KP042788. The underline part is check digit.
| VIN | 1 | M | 8 | G | D | M | 9 | A | 0 | K | P | 0 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value | 1 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
| Weighting level | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| Product | 8 | 28 | 48 | 35 | 16 | 12 | 18 | 10 | 0 | 18 | 56 | 0 | 24 | 10 | 28 | 24 | 16 |
- The value of VIN substitutes it from the top of upper substituted key. I use this number by a later calculation.
- I bring a weighting level from an upper table.
- As a result that the line of the product multiplied a value and the weighting level of the upper equivalence line by.
- It becomes value 351 in total when I add all a product (8,28,48,35..24,16).
- I do one of the next calculation:
- 351 MOD 11 = 10
- 351/11 = 31 10/11
- 351/11 = 31.9090 - (Requires a lookup table)
- 351 MOD 11 = 10
- A rest becomes the check digit. In the case of 10, a rest suffers from the check digit in X. The check digit is replaced with this exercise too much with X because it is 10.
When apply 'X' of the check digit; VIN: 1M8GDM9A_KP042788: I am written with 1M8GDM9AXKP042788.
1 row (all 17 columns '1') is effective for the check digit. The value that multiplied 89 (addition level of the weighting level) by 1 is 89, and the surplus check digit when I divided 89 by 11 is because it is 1. This is a simple method to test algorithm to inspect VIN.
Source
Allied item
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This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Vehicle ID number
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