Isaias
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"Isaias" (- しょ) is one of the Prophets ("Isaias" "Jeremias" "Ezekiel") of the Old Testament three major in a copy. It is come to prophet Isaiah of the eighth century by self-testimony [1] of Bible oneself [2] [3] and the tradition B.C. I am the 23rd book of the Old Testament with the general sequence of the Protestant Church.
Table of contents
Summary
Isaias consists of 66 chapters. An opinion doing 1-39 chapters with first Isaiah, second Isaiah less than Chapter 40, third Isaiah less than Chapter 56 is the situation of the scholar accepting a high grade review. On the other hand, based on discovery of Dead Sea Scrolls, there is the scholar who takes a thing of Isaiah in the pre-eighth century and the situation to do in the latter half with a reason such as "Isaias" having been unified as one rolled drapery.
Plural Isaiah theory
I can greatly divide it into the viewpoint of the plural Isaiah theory in the first half and the latter half, and there is the scholar who calls 39 chapters of the first half "the first Isaias". The modern bibliologist of the situation of the high review thinks that this "first Isaias was talked only" about B.C. by prophet Isaiah in the eighth century (but it is thought that many points are not things by Isaiah of the pre-eighth century in 1-39 chapters by the high review either).
I am distributed between two more in the latter half, but it is said that the name of the author is not known for the high review.
At first, by the high review, words recited by a prophet are inherited by oral tradition just like other most Prophets by pupils, and it is thought that I am documented afterwards and passed through the editorial process when after that it is complicated, and, with it, it is said that the constitution is not simple.
"The second Isaias" (40-55 chapters) and "the third Isaias" (56-66 chapters) by the prophet that it is thought that I was active at the time of the return from Babylon 捕囚 done according to the prophet in after ages more are distinguished in the liberal group since Luther group theologian Bernhard ドゥーム (Bernhard Duhm) insisted in an explanatory note book of 1892 when 56-66 chapters are put the blame of on the third prophet.
The first Isaias
Saying that because prophet Isaiah is called "a child of アモツ" repeatedly, Church Father Augustine is a child of prophet Amos in the book "God's country" [4]. It is thought that I do it after activity of Amos for approximately approximately ten years, and a calling was considered to be it as for Isaiah. But it is thought that prophet Isaiah of the pre-eighth century was the Imperial Court prophet who was active in capital Jerusalem of south kingdom Judah whereas it is thought that Amos, Hoshea were active in Ephraim. Therefore David royal families and tradition of the selection of of Sion (Jerusalem) are made much of in Isaiah whereas Amos and Hoshea depended on tradition of appearance Egypt mainly. It is thought that prophet Micah to be known to by Micah at the same period was almost active in the south kingdom, but, as for Micah, the point that prophesied thorough destruction of Jerusalem is different.
In addition, it is important even to the point called the accessibility to real political power that Isaiah was active in Jerusalem and is supposed when prophet Isaiah played a role on the occasion of the enthronement of the ヒゼキヤ King.
It is thought that each chapter is not necessarily edited by chronological order. For example, naturally the calling article considered that you should be put is put in Chapter 6 first.
- The sacrifice festival criticism that "Amos" has is seen in one chapter.
- In two chapters, human arrogance becomes a target of the criticism, but the human excitement that is not this God is one of the important subjects of the prophecy of Isaiah.
- Six chapters are calling articles.
- 7-8 chapters relate to Syria Ephraim War (). (Immanuel prophecy)
- Because 13-14 chapters are prophecy about Babylonia, and it is unnatural to think with prophecy of live first Isaiah in the times of Assyria, I am let leave in after ages.
- 24-27 chapters are implicit and are often come to Babylon 捕囚以後.
- It is admitted that 34-35 chapters are similar to second Isaias generally.
- Aggression by King センナケリブ of Assyria is described in 36-38 chapters. Jerusalem was barely saved from the fall in B.C. 701, but it is thought that this was regarded as conclusive evidence of the selection of of Sion. The description of "description of line king" lower 18-20 chapters about the same matter mentions that 貢納 was imposed on ヒゼキヤ, but is not mentioned with this "Isaias".
The second Isaias
A reference to "secret God" (in the Latin translation Deus absconditus) is seen in 45 chapters 15 sections.
It is four places about "servant for master" (servant) (42:1 - 4, 49:1 - 6, 50:4 - 9, from 52:13 to 53:12) to be known for "second Isaias" best. It is pointed out, and it is accepted generally by above-mentioned Bernhard ドゥーム that there is the point called "my (servant) song" in "second Isaias" [5]. There is a debate about the problem who "I" (servant) am. This song was the extremely important point that found a meaning in hardship, and the substitute expiation-like death of "me" (servant) was made much of in Christianity as the thing which prophesied Jesus Christ.
Footnote
- ^ "ティンデル Bible explanatory note"
- ^ "Westminster confession of faith"
- ^ Jean Calvin『Christianity essentials』
- It is listed 13 times in total in description of ^ line king, each generation, Isaias.
- ^ 42 chapters 1-4 sections, 49 chapters 1-6 sections, 50 chapters 4-9 sections, 52 chapters 13-53 sections.
Allied item
- The Bible
- The Old Testament
- The mime mime lyrics are taken from Chapter 12 Section 3 of this book.
Outside link
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Isaias
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