GUM group

GUM
(approximately 227,000)
Residential area
In Ethiopia 159,418 [1] In Sudan approximately 67,000 [the source required]
Language
GUM word
Religion
Most are African traditional religion, and there are a few Christianity and Islam, too
Associated race
Gres group、クワマ group、Shittim group、ウドゥク group、Como family

GUM group (Gumuz,Gumaz,Gumz) is a Nile person living in ベニシャングル GUM state in western Ethiopia and クワラ and the Sudanese F Zogu re-district. They speak GUM word belonging to Nile Sahara Desert family of languages.

Table of contents

History

 

ベニシャングル GUM state flag.

I made a group with other Nile people traditionally, and the GUM group lived in the border zone of Sudan Ethiopia and was called シャンケッラ in a mass. (Pankhurst 1977) "シャンケッラ" has been already introduced by "a trip of the south Nile discovery" that James Bruce of the Scottish explorer published in 1790. When they hunt with a bow and arrow, it is described, and the tradition is still valid. The most GUM group lives in the shrub prairie of the low land. I lived in the western part of State of ゴッジャム in their legend in the early days, but was driven to the area where the Blue Nile gradually went to ruin. And it became the dependency of a person from アムハラ and the アガウ group of the powerful Afro Asia family of languages and might be done with their slave. (Wolde-Selassie Abbute 2004). The Egyptian bondage did not disappear in Ethiopia until the 1940s. The progeny of the GUM group brought in south of ウェルキテ as a slave knows that I spoke GUM word as of 1984. (Unseth 1985).

Culture

The GUM group performs slash-and-burn agriculture agriculture, and the main food is Sorghum. (Wallmark 1981) the cereals keep it in the warehouse which decorated by a light of the clay symbolizing the chest of the woman. I use the Sorghum for the brewing of rice porridge (ンガ) and the beer (care). I perform all dishes and brewing by a pot of the soil which a woman makes. The GUM group hunts the wildlife such as duikerbok or the warthog. In addition, I collect honey and the wild fruit, root and seeds. Islam, a part were converted to Christianity, but, as for the GUM group living in the Sudanese border zone, most maintain traditional religion at the most GUM group. The soul is called "ムスーア", and it is thought that I live in a house and a warehouse, a field, a tree, the mountain. There is the religion expert who is called saying "a moth is fair". Originally all GUM group cuts one's body and displayed it, but this custom is going to disappear by pressure and education of the government. All GUM group is mediated by a family. The fight between families is daily, and a dispute solution organization called "マンゲマ" is settled mainly. Among the Sudanese ウドゥク groups, the marriage was carried out through the exchange of sisters. (James 1975, 1986, Klausberger 1975).

Reference materials

1. ^ "Census 2007 ", first draft, Table 5.

Allied bookm

• Abbute, Wolde-Selassie. 2004. Gumuz and Highland resettlers. Differing strategies of livelihood and ethnic relations in Metekel, Northwestern Ethiopia. Münster: Lit.
• Ahland, Colleen Anne. 2004. Linguistic variation within Gumuz: a study of the relationship between historical change and intelligibility. M.A. thesis. University of Texas at Arlington.
• Ahmad, Abdussamad H. 1995. The Gumuz of the Lowlands of Western Gojjam: The frontier in History 1900-1935. Africa 50(1): 53-67.
• Ahmad, Abdussamad H. 1999. Trading in slaves in Bela-Shangul and Gumuz, Ethiopia: border enclaves in history, 1897-1938. Journal of African History 40(3): 433-446.
• Bender, M. Lionel. 1979. Gumuz: a sketch of grammar and lexicon. Afrika undÜbersee 62: 38-69.
• Bender, M. Lionel. 1994. Comparative Komuz grammar. Afrika undÜbersee 77: 31-54.
• Grottanelli, Vinigi, L. 1948. I Preniloti: un' arcaica provincia culturale in Africa. It is 280-326 Annali Lateranensi 12.
• Haberland, Eike. 1953. Über einen unbekannten Gunza-stamm in Wallegga. It is 139-148 Rassegna di Studi Etiopici 12.
• James, Wendy. 1975. Sister exchange marriage. Scientific American 233 (6): 84-94.
• James, Wendy. 1980. " From aboriginal to frontier society in western Ethiopia. In Working papers on society and history in Imperial Ethiopia: The southern periphery from 1880 to 1974, edited by Donald L. Donham and Wendy James. Cambridge: African Studies Center, Cambridge University Press.
• James, Wendy. 1986. "Lifelines: exchange marriage among the Gumuz." In The southern marches of Imperial Ethiopia. Essays in history and social anthropology, edited by D.L. Donham and W. James. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 119-147.
• Klausberger, Friedrich. 1975. Bashanga, das Strafrecht der Baga-Gumuz. It is 109-126 Ethnologische Zeitschrift (Zürich) 1.
• Pankhurst, Richard. 1977. The history of Bareya, Sanquella and other Ethiopian slaves from the borderlands of the Sudan. Sudan Notes and Records 58: 1-43.
• Simmoons, Frederick. 1958. The agricultural implements and cutting tools of Begemder and Semyen, Ethiopia. It is 386-406 South West Journal of Anthropology 14.
• Unseth, Peter. 1985. Gumuz: a dialect survey report. Journal of Ethiopian Studies 18: 91-114.
• Unseth, Peter. 1989. Selected aspects of Gumuz phonology. It is 617-32 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa, 1984.
• Uzar, Henning. 1993. "Studies in Gumuz: Sese phonology and TMA system." In Topics in Nilo-Saharan linguistics, edited by M.L. Bender. Hamburg: Helmut Buske: 347-383.
• Wallmark, Peter. 1981. "The Bega (Gumuz) of Wellega: Agriculture and subsistence." In Peoples and cultures of the Ethio-Sudan borderlands, edited by M.L. Bender. East Lansing: Michigan State University, African Studies Centre: 79-116.
• Zanni, Leone. 1939-40. La Tribùdei Gumus. Note Etnografiche. La Nigrizia. Verona.

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