Beriberi

Beriberi (Beriberi)
A classification and outside reference information
ICD-10	E51.1
ICD-9-CM	265.0
DiseasesDB	14107
MedlinePlus	000339
eMedicine	ped/229 med/221
Patient UK	Beriberi
MeSH	D001602

It is one of the avitaminosis, and beriberi (beriberi British: beriberi) is a disease to result in heart failure and peripheral neuropathy by lack of vitamin B1 (thiamine). Because the numbness of lower limbs is caused by neuropathy, the swelling of lower limbs is called by the name of the beriberi by heart failure. When I developed a drop, the imperfection (I carry it wet beriberi () to believe it) of the heart function, I am called heart failure from beriberi.

Table of contents

Summary

Beriberi occurs mainly on the upper classes including the royalty and the noble of Kyoto in Japan after the Heian era. In the Edo era of the Edo era, a custom to eat polished rice polished rice spread out, and there were many beriberi patients for the upper air samurai whom I worked as including a general. General Iesada Tokugawa is said to have died for beriberi.

It occurred to a general samurai in the Genroku era year, and the beriberi spread through the district before long and it was raging and was called "Edo anxiety" (えどわずらい) by a merchant in culture, civil administration again. Because the local samurai who was not able to eat polished rice poorly lived mainly on polished rice in honor by the Edo shift work in a shogunal demesne in the territory, there were many examples which suffered from this illness when the Edo residence was prolonged. Because I understood that I went to the recovery when I ate soba (containing vitamin B1) replacing with rice from experience, I was used as a therapy in the Sino-Japanese traditional medicine.

Soba was popular in the Edo era after the middle in the Edo era. It depends on having been able to prevent beriberi called "Edo worry" [¹] in the background by eating vitamin B1-rich soba that soba became mainstream than udon in the Edo era [²].

When it was the Meiji era, it became the national problem as an occupational disease of the army officer. Because the eyeball of the conscription order promulgated in 1873 was a privilege to serve polished rice of 6 go ("the one provisions" of the Edo era were 5 go a day) a day, people of affection increased in an officer. Because the U.K., the army had it with an example later in Germany France the navy for the-based military period, in the navy, the nourishment origin theory, the army took the German germ theory. Because army surgeon general Tadanori Ishiguro and next Ougai Mori criticized an opinion derived from naval rice diet later, this situation continued until the discovery of vitamins a reason, oryzanin discovery of Umetaro Suzuki more when the army received a lot damage of the beriberi. It was 1913 of 遅 れること 30 years from the navy that the army stopped "polished rice 6 go" and adopted boiled barley and rice soldiers and rations of wheat 30% [¹].

Polished rice polished rice which did not include vitamin B1 spread, and, the Taisho era period later, cheap introduction rice increased and started many patients by not having consumed enough side dishes and was said to be's two biggest nations disease along with tuberculosis.

The beriberi death toll of the nation surpassed 25,000 people a year in last years of Taisho era and changed between 10,000 - 20,000 a year until every (1938) in 1938 when the food situation turned worse by Japan-China War expansion even if I entered for the Showa period. It was the late 1950s when アリナミン and the imitation penetrated that I was less than 1,000 people (1950 (1950) 3,968, 1955 (1955) 1,126, 1960 (1960) 350, 1965 (1965) 92). However, there is beriberi in a tendency to increase by the spread of partial junk food of the nourishment ingredient (1975) from in 1975 when the problem of the nourishment state of the nation was solved. In addition, it is common in alcohol addicts, and the unbalanced diet associates with vitamin B1 being used in the case of alcohol decomposition, too. Furthermore, after the 1990s, I reach aged society (super aged society), and the onset [⁵] by the eating habits to eat only polished rice is brought into question by inconvenience of onset [³] with the caloric infusion which does not include vitamin B1 [⁴] and the food purchase without eating side dishes.

History

I refer to "history of beriberi of Japan"

Condition of a patient

The disease assumes polyneuritis, edematous (swelling) heart failure (leg disposition, heart failure from beriberi) three signs.

Classification

Dry beriberi

I am based on polyneuritis and cause numbness, a tendon reflex drop from a superficial sensory nerve disorder.

Wet beriberi

The peripheral artery is expanded and it presents high output cardiac failure from a drop of the vascular resistance and suffers from edema [⁶].

Inspection

The knee jerk that quadriceps femoris muscle shrinks when I swat it in the state that let patellar ligament relax, and a knee joint extends sees having peripheral neuropathy or not. It was the required item of the medical examination until the about 1960s when the beriberi occurred frequently.

Historical celebrity dead

• Hideyoshi Toyotomi (not the cause of death that there are the uremic opinions and established)
• The Emperor Sakuramachi
• Iesada Tokugawa
• Ieshige Tokugawa
• Sum shrine
• Tatewaki Komatsu

Beriberi under the specific condition

• The article that professor at Tokyo University Kinnosuke Miura wrote as ベルツ by a joint work. Two "beriberi tropical disease complete works at the Fuji mountaintop." Itaru Nonaka (Itaru Nonaka) of the meteorologist and the wife suffered from beriberi at the time of observation from this world in the winter season on the inaccessible Fuji mountaintop [⁷].

Footnote

1. ^ ^{a b} Jiro Asada "Paris worry Edo worry" (Shogakukan 2014 pp.138-143).
2. ^ side | Japanese culture Japanese alphabet encyclopedia
3. ^ Shosai Nomura others, caloric infusion 1 case Japanese digestive organ surgery society magazine Vol.30 (1997) No. 1 P97-101 of the lactic acidosis by the vitamin _B1 lack that was taking effect, and developed
4. ^ Tadashi Hashizume others,Caloric infusion and vitamin B₁ lack
5. 1 case heart Vol.46 (2014) No. 7 p.893-899 of vitamin B1 d_eficiency (beriberi) of the elderly person who presented with ^ Masanori Kuwahara others, a shock, disturbance of consciousness
6. ^ http://www.qqct.jp/seminar.php?id=292
7. ^ <forest [2,011:376]

Allied item

• Avitaminosis
  • Deficiency disease of scurvy - vitamin C
• I discovered thiamine (vitamin B1) namely "a concept of the oryzanin" (のちの vitamins) in Umetaro Suzuki - rice bran and a study of the beriberi.
• I contributed to Aya Kagawa - vitamin B1 and a study of the beriberi and the spread of rice with germs.
• Kanehiro Takagi
• Ougai Mori

References

Not only I enumerate it, but also the source, please specify whether it is the source of information of which description using footnotes. I would like cooperation for the reliability improvement of the article. (July, 2012)

• Minoru Sumita "eating habits Higashiyama bookshop of "the illness of Edo" that revived in the present age", 1995. ISBN 978-4-8278-1038-7。 OCLC 170112900.
• Seizo Yamashita "history Tokyo University publication society of the beriberi", 1983. OCLC 674475521.
• Seizo Yamashita "history Tokyo University publication society of the beriberi in the Meiji period", 1988. ISBN 4130661027。 OCLC 24981589.
• Seizo Yamashita "Ougai forest Taro and beriberi dispute" Japan criticism company, 2008. ISBN 9784535983021。 OCLC 271433832.
• For Eiko Hayashi "pioneer Kinnosuke Miura grass sentence company of the modern medicine", 2,011 years, it is page 376. ISBN 978-4-7947-0673-7。

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