The zero eight charter
The zero eight charter (れいはちけんしょう, a 拼 sound: LíngbāXiànzhāng, 08 charters) is the specification statement that demanded end, separation of threes powers of administration of the alliance autocracy of the Chinese Communist Party, democratization promotion, improvement of the human rights situation about the Chinese politics, social system that 303 writer Akira Liu wave and others of the People's Republic of China announced on the Internet by a joint signature on December 9, 2008.
Table of contents
Summary
The freedom such as speech, the news, a meeting, the demonstration is established in the People's Republic of China by a constitution, but I appoint the Chinese Communist Party at the same time as "a political party to teach the People's Republic of China" to, and other political parties are satellite political parties, and a virtual one-party system is performed. Therefore, including National People's Congress set of a best power of the state organization, the representative who depended on nomination and intention of the Chinese Communist Party which is an instruction political party in all sections such as a legislation, administration, the judiciary, military affairs is picked, and grasp of all power by the Chinese Communist Party is performed. In addition, for thought and the opinion not to match the policy of the party, censorship, the human rights violations that I included an arrest, restriction, forced labor, monitoring, censorship not to depend on law in continue.
Under such situation, it is "the zero eight charter" that showed the opinion that the well-informed person of 303 writer Akira Liu wave and others of the People's Republic of China accuses situation improvement such as democratization of the political system or the human rights protection of the nation of a joint signature at by a real name on 10th in Chinese constitutionalism 100th anniversary, "Universal Declaration of Human Rights" announcement 60th anniversary, "wall birth 30th anniversary of the democracy", December, 2008 equal to the "International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights" conclusion tenth anniversary of the Chinese government on the Internet. The real date of publication is December 9 of the day before on a memorial day.
The site shown on the Internet was closed immediately by the authorities, but a copy continued being reprinted, and 6,191 signers finally reached more than 10,000 people on December 23 [1].
It was the thing which an Akira Liu wave drafted "the zero eight charter" with other human rights activists after one year and announced, but the Akira Liu wave and others were restricted on December 8 on the day before announcement.
Contents
As for the zero eight charter, "our basic claim" becomes the 4 part of "the end" from the signature by 303 real names "our basic idea" "word" at a primary collection stage.
By "word," I express China at the point in time with "the world of the party" and criticize it saying "a party monopolizes politics, economy, social resources and brings about the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, the second Tiananmen Square incident, and a nation paid the extremely big price with the nation" [2] and, on top of that, raise following "our basic ideas" and "our basic claim".
Basic idea
- Rights such as the free - speech, publication, faith, meeting, association, movement, strike or demonstration demonstration
- Human rights - person is the national main constituent, and the nation serves the people, and the government exists for the people
- As for equal - citizen, personality, dignity, all the freedom are equal regardless of social status, an occupation, sex, the economical situation, family, a color, religion of the skin and political thought
- Kyowa - "self-government by everybody and peaceful symbiosis" demand a decentralization of power system and profit balance
- The government which the nation and the nation chose has democracy - sovereignty
- It limits government power by constitutional government - constitutional government and insists on the border of the act
Claim
I insist on 19 based on a basic idea.
- Constitutional amendment
- Separation of threes powers of administration
- It depends on legislation and democratization - direct election
- Judicial independence
- System reform of the public employee who makes public facilities official business - People's Liberation Army the national military from the armed forces of the Communist Party
- Human rights security
- Public office election
- A city and local equality
- Freedom of the association
- Freedom of the meeting
- Freedom of speech
- Religious liberty
- Civic education
- Property protection
- Tax reform
- Social security
- Environmental protection
- Federal Kyowa system - Hong Kong, free protection of Macao
- Justice - honor recovery
Breakdown of the signer
It is 69 others such as 78 such as human rights, a democracy activist, scholar 60, writer, poet 37, lawyer 34, a person concerned with media, 25 freelance writers, an artist, a farmer when I see it according to an occupation. These people are said to be the well-known democracy group intellectual [2].
There is deflection without being limited to the Mainland China region which does not include Hong Kong, Macao when I see it according to an area, and it being 80 Beijing City, Hubei 38, upper mirage 30, Guangdong 25, Zhejiang 24, Guizhou 20, Shangdong ten, 76 others, and being proportional to regional population distribution.
Influence
With publication, I raise the signature of the assenter, and the person whom I sympathized with reprints it in blog, and contents are known worldwide. However, cybercensorship preventing reading from being possible by instructions on the government side in China continues.
It was informed that several Akira Liu crowds of drafters were restricted on December 8 of the day before announcement. Therefore it is thought that I was announced in order to avoid the cover-up by the authorities on 9th on the day before of the scheduled announcement date. [3]
On December 25, 2009, the judgment for penal servitude 11 years was announced to the Akira Liu wave at the House of first intermediate people method of Beijing by national government overturn sedition [4], but won Nobel Peace prize in October, 2010 serving the sentence.
Footnote
- ^ "08 charter" China authorities, net regulation reinforcement Sankei news 2008.12.23
- ^ a b Yomiuri Shimbun December 12, 2008 13S version
- ^ 野口東秀 (December 10, 2008). "I demand the alliance autocracy system end signature China, more than 300 lawyers democratization demand". It is reading the Sankei Shimbun on m December 25, 2009.
- ^ AFPBB News of "the reform human rights activist who appealed penal servitude 11 years "08 charters" drafting of China Mr. Akira Liu wave" December 25, 2009
Allied item
Outside link
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia The zero eight charter
This article is distributed by cc-by-sa or GFDL license in accordance with the provisions of Wikipedia.
In addition, Tranpedia is simply not responsible for any show is only by translating the writings of foreign licenses that are compatible with CC-BY-SA license information.
0 개의 댓글:
댓글 쓰기