Crab Nebula
| Crab Nebula [1] Crab Nebula[2] | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Constellation | Taurus |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | + 8.4 |
| Apparent diameter | 420″ × 290″[3] |
| Classification | The supernova wreckage |
| Position Epoch: J2000.0 | |
| Right ascension (RA,α) | 05h 34m 31.94s [2] |
| Declination (Dec,δ) | + 22° 00′ 52.2″[2] |
| Distance | 6.5 ± 1.6*103 light-year [4] |
| Physical property | |
| Radius | 5.5 light-year [5] |
| The other name | |
| The other name | |
| ■Project ■ Template | |
In Crab Nebula [1] (result yes Crab Nebula, M1, NGC1952), distance from the earth is approximately 7,000 light-year at the supernova wreckage in Taurus. In a typical pulsar nebula, the existence of the pulsar called "a crab pulsar" is confirmed in the center and continues expanding now.
It is left for China and Japanese documents that the supernova explosion that caused this nebula developed in 1054.
Table of contents
History
It is written down in the Chinese record "history of Soong" "astronomy will" as a nova (the spirited star who appeared suddenly), and there is the supernova (SN 1054) which appeared in 1054 when I lost my eyesight to the oneself Ox (July 4, 1054) in outcome 嘉祐元年三月辛未 (April 5, 1056) in May in the sum first year in the solstice that is the reign of 仁宗. Sadaie Fujiwara saws a record to a diary "description of of oneself moon at the fifteenth night of the eighth lunar month" in Japan [note 1]; [6]. In addition, a record remains for the author unknown "Kazuyo note required". Furthermore, there is the opinion which assumes the image of the star left for a fresco of Arizona described in about 1000 by an American Indian this supernova. It became the brightness of the Venus at the time of the appearance of the supernova and saw it by the naked eye even in the daytime for 23 days. I saw it by night for 後 two years.
It was a British medical practitioner, and I was discovered in 1731 by John Bevis of the person of amateur astronomy. Because minute filament structure harked back to the foot of the crab by observation of William Parsons, I was named a crab nebula. But this sketching has the person to rather look like a pineapple like Jones.
Charles Messier who observed a comet is collected to the first of the Messier catalogue which I gathered up as a comet and the confusing heavenly bodies. It is the only supernova wreckage in the heavenly bodies listed in the Messier Catalogue. Messier discovered Crab Nebula during the chase of the comet on September 12, 1758. Messier writes it down saying "there is the private message which I discovered it while I do not include a star with the nebula-formed thing on the south horn of the female cow and it is whitish and lengthens like the flame of the candle for a long time and chases a comet in 1758, and Dr. Bevis discovered again in 1731".
Bode assumed it "a small nebula-formed thing without the star" in 1774. John Hershel said, "I seem to come by the resolution in a star cluster". William Parsons said, it "is thought that many filaments which I jumped to were seen and it was irregular and left for every direction unlike a normal star cluster, and the power that probably was strong would push other filaments out of the south end of the nebula mainly the elliptic nebula which was not broken down anymore, and this made the form of the star cluster" for 1,844 years. Filament structure of the M1 was discovered first then.
I suggested that ルンドマーク exploded approximately 900 years ago and made clear that I was expanding from photograph observation year by year afterwards. The gas opens with the speed of 1,100km per second now in every direction. In addition, Edwin Hubble and Kan Dan confirmed that it was the wreckage of the supernova which appeared in 1054. By observation with the Hubble Space Telescope of 1994, it was revealed that the filament was covered with plasma. This plasma pushes the outside dark interstellar matter, and filament structure develops as William Parsons says.
Crab pulsar
The star in the center of Crab Nebula is a pulsar called the crab pulsar (neutron star). I was discovered in 1969. A diameter is approximately 10km. The intensity of light is the 16th class. I rotate at high peed 30 times a second and give an electric wave and X-rays with a period of 33ms and light up the whole nebula with a visible ray again. I emit very strong X-rays and am used for calibration of the time in X-ray astronomy.
Observation
I look like a dim flare with the binoculars. I look like a triangular white cloud with the telescope of diameter 5cm. I see it into a white cloud of the form such as Sadogashima form at diameter 10cm, and it is said that a line is seen in the inside when a condition is good. In addition, mullahs write that a color is greenish a little. The vanity is the heavenly body depending on an empty state (because the color of the astrophotograph emphasizes light such as Hα not to see to human eyes very much, it is often different in the naked eye that I saw it). The form such as Sadogashima shows it with the telescope of diameter 20cm and begins to show the internal design, too. It is said that it begins to show the filament structure that the Lord loss says at diameter 30cm. I can see the neutron star of the center with a telescope of diameter 50cm. There is the person to be able to see it with a telescope of diameter 25cm in the best environment.
Footnote
Explanatory note
- ^ 定家自身 is a person of the twelfth century and does not look at the supernova. It is thought that I quoted the record of the past astronomy dormitory.
Source
- ^ a b "M1". A heavenly bodies listed in the Messier Catalogue guide. AstroArts. December 25, 2014 reading.
- ^ a b c d e "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 1952. February 12, 2012 reading.
- ^ Trimble, Virginia Louise (1973). "The Distance to the Crab Nebula and NP 0532." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 85 (507): 579. Bibcode 1973PASP...85..579T. doi: 10.1086/129507.
- ^ Kaplan, D. L.; Chatterjee, S.; Gaensler, B. M.; Anderson, J. (2008). "A Precise Proper Motion for the Crab Pulsar, and the Difficulty of Testing Spin-Kick Alignment for Young Neutron Stars." Astrophysical Journal 677 (2): 1201. arXiv: 0801.1142. Bibcode 2008ApJ...677.1201K. doi: 10.1086/529026.
- ^ Carroll, Bradley W.; Ostlie, Dale A. (2007). An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics, Second Edition. Pearson Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-8053-0402-9.[Inspection required ]
- ^ Kuniharu Saito "astronomy record 慶友社 of the 定家" "description of moon at the fifteenth night of the eighth lunar month", 1999. ISBN 4-87449-029-8.
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Crab Nebula
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