2012 Republic of Korea presidential election
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| Simple map of election results Boku gets most support Mr. sentence gets most support | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| The 18th presidential election | |
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| Various notation | |
| The Hangul Alphabet： | 제 18대대통령선거 |
| Kanji： | The 18th 代大統領選擧 |
| Pronunciation： | ジェシプパルデテトンニョンソンゴ |
| A Japanese reading: | The 18th bitter orange leader election |
As for the Republic of Korea presidential election (2012 ねんだいかんみんこくだいとうりょうせんきょ), voting and counting the ballots were performed in the election that was held to elect the Republic of Korea President who was the Korean sovereign on December 19, 2012 in 2012. It is election to count it from President Hatsuyo election of August, 1948, and to become the 18th, but there is not it and counts it with "第 ○ charges" in Korea in "第 ○ time".
In addition, the Korea nation to live in from this age by revision of the election-related law abroad became available for the participation in presidential election using an overseas ballot system.
Table of contents
Summary
It is election carried out with five years expiring for presidential term. The reappointment of the President is prohibited in the current Republic of Korea constitution and becomes the fight by new faces. The overseas balloting (overseas ballot) by the overseas nation, the vote (marine vote) from the ship top were enabled from this election, too. A Governor of Gyeongsangnam-do by-election and 26 re-by-elections including Seoul 特別市教育監再選挙 were carried out in the presidential election at the same time, too [1].
As for the composition of the election, it was three-cornered composition by independent cheap Tesshu who received high support from Park Geun-hye of the ruling party, the セヌリ party, a sentence living-in-tiger, the young group and the unaffiliated voters of the largest opposition party, the democracy unification party (the following, the Democratic Party) at first [2]. Sentence and both cheap の agreed to unify it in November, and discussion was started, but the groove of both was not buried over a method of the unification afterwards. However, as for the electoral campaign, it was the virtual single combat due to the sentence living-in-tiger of Park Geun-hye and the opposition party joint candidate of the ruling party セヌリ party and the Democratic Party where it was by having expressed cheap が candidacy refusal on 23rd with the candidate registration deadline coming three days later. Therefore I greatly controlled an election trend whether the cheap の substrate which I ran and declined supported 朴 and which of the sentence [3]. Park Geun-hye adds more than 1,080,000 votes of differences to a sentence living-in-tiger and, as a result of election, has been elected. The woman President will be born first in the history of Korean constitutional government [4].
![[icon]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png){kind=small} | The correction of this knob is expected. |
Election issues
- Economic democratization [5] including the legal regulation to the financial combine
- Political complete reform [6] including the member of the Diet fixed number reduction
- Policy to North Korea
I it in an election schedule
- April 23: Preliminary candidate registration
- From July 22 to October 20: Registration application of an overseas absentee and the overseas elector
- From October 31 to November 9: Making including the overseas electoral list
- From 21 to 25 on November: It is an absentee report period in a ship
- From 25 to 26 on November: Candidate registration application (from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.)
- From December 5 to December 10: Overseas polling place vote (from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.)
- From 11 to 14 on December: I vote in a ship
- From 13 to 14 on December: Absentee polling place vote
- December 19: I count the votes after a vote (from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.), a vote.
- The source: 기본현황선거일정 (basic present situation election schedule), election statistics system (April 29, 2012 reading)
Basic data
- An election reason: The term of office expiration
- A qualified voter: The Korean nation 19 years or older
- Eligibility for election: The Korean nation 40 years or older
- The residence requirements of the candidate: I live in the country more than five years at at election day.
- Candidacy registration requirements: In the case of a candidate of political party, the independent candidate needs the recommendation from a qualified voter the recommendation of the position political party.
- A candidate of political party: It is demanded by democratic technique that I elect a candidate. When party election is held, the person who was not picked in party election by a candidate cannot run for the election concerned.
- An independent candidate: I need more than 3500 recommendation signatures from one city and city where is more than five more than 700 qualified voters from the way and way.
- A campaign season: 23rd
- Election system: It is performed by the direct election by the nation, and a candidate with a most vote has been elected. When a candidate gets a one-third or more of all elector total number only in the case of one, I have been elected.
- The source: 공직선거안내 (public office election guidance), Central Election Commission (as follows central board of elections) homepage.
Person planning candidacy
I introduce the person who continues it in the candidate who ran for the party election in the main political party, the planned candidate approval rating investigation of pollster "rial meter" here more than two weeks, and got approval rating more than 1%.
セヌリ party
- Decision candidate
- On Park Geun-hye (party emergency measures chairperson) August 20, 2012, I establish セヌリ party candidate [7].
- On July 10, I show up in person and express it [8].
- The candidate who ran for party election
- 金文洙（Gyeonggi-doThe governor)
- I declare a run on April 22 [9].
- 安相洙 (Mayor of election for cause, people 3.4s Incheon Metropolitan City)
- I declare a run on May 6
- 任太熙 (General Manager cause, President)
- On May 8, I show up in person and express it [10].
- Gold stand ridges on the blade (Gyeongsangnam-do gold mirage Diet member)
- I declare a run on July 11
- The politician that a run was were rumors about there
- Cheng dream follows it (Grand National Party former representative)
Democratic Party
- Decision candidate
- On sentence living-in-tiger (party Standing Advisor) September 16, 2012, I establish a democracy unification party candidate [13]
- On June 17, I show up in person and express it [14].
- The candidate who ran for party election
- 趙慶泰 (Diet member)
- On June 11, I show up in person and express it [15].
- 孫鶴圭 (party Standing Advisor)
- On June 14, I show up in person and express it [16].
- 丁世均 (party Standing Advisor)
- On June 26, I show up in person and express it [17]
- 金榮煥 (Diet member)
- On July 5, I declare a run [18].
- 金斗官（Gyeongsangnam-doThe governor)
- On July 8, I show up in person and express it [19].
- 朴晙瑩 (Governor of Jeollanam-do)
- Masayoshi (Democratic Party best committee in front) Kim
- On July 22, I declare a run [22].
- The politician that a run was were rumors about there
- Azuma Cheng swimming (party Standing Advisor)
- On July 9, I declare a non-run [23].
Unification Progressive Party
- Decision candidate
- On plum original princess (former joint representative) October 20, I establish a candidate [24].
- The candidate who ran for party election
- ミン ビョンリョル (acting representative duties in front)
- I show up in person on September 25, and all express it [25].
Progress Peronist party
- October 14: I declare a run [26]. On October 21, I establish a candidate [27]. On November 26, I express candidacy refusal and sentence living-in-tiger support [28].
Other
- Cheap Tesshu (the Seoul University fusion Institute of Technology director)
Candidate primary election in the main political party
セヌリ party
For three days from July 10 to 12th, candidate registration is carried out; five first in Park Geun-hye former emergency measures chairpersons the candidacy [31]. The election campaign was carried out for one month from July 21 to August 19, and the election was performed by a method to add the public opinion poll result for general qualified voters to the vote by a party member and the general qualified voter electoral college. Election results were announced in whole party meeting of August 20, and Park Geun-hye whom overwhelming superiority was introduced into beforehand got 83.6% of votes, and I was picked by the presidential candidate of the セヌリ party [7]. Candidates are as follows.
| Sign | Full name | Main career |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 任太熙 |
|
| 2 | Park Geun-hye |
|
| 3 | Gold stand ridges on the blade |
|
| 4 | 安相洙 |
|
| 5 | 金文洙 |
|
- The source: 경선후보자등록결과공고 (競選候補者登録結果公告)。 セヌリ party homepage (July 13, 2012 reading)
| Candidate name | Elector Vote | Public opinion poll Approval rating % | The total number of votes | Total vote rate % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate decision | Park Geun-hye | 71,176 | 74.2 | 86,589 | 84.0% |
| 金文洙 | 5,622 | 16.2 | 8,955 | 8.7 | |
| Gold stand ridges on the blade | 2,616 | 3.3 | 3,298 | 3.2 | |
| 任太熙 | 2,341 | 1.6 | 2,676 | 2.6 | |
| 安相洙 | 739 | 4.2 | 1,600 | 1.6 |
- The source: " <표>새누리당대선경선결과(종합) (<table＞セヌリ 党大選競選結果 (synthesis)) ". Alliance news. (August 20, 2012)L August 20, 2012 reading.
Democratic Party
I performed candidate acceptance on July 20 and 21st, and eight people (孫鶴圭, 趙慶泰, a sentence living-in-tiger, 朴晙瑩, Sei Kin good luck, 金斗官, 金榮煥, 丁世均) registered. I carried out the party primary election by the public opinion poll method for a party member and citizens on 29th and 30th to narrow down a candidate to five people, and sentence living-in-tiger, 孫鶴圭, 金斗官, 丁世均, five people of 朴晙瑩 were picked [32]. This election divided mobile vote and the spot vote by a party member, the nation electoral college into the whole country 13 area from August 25 to September 16 and was carried out [33]. Voting and counting the ballots were performed in the Seoul city which became the completion of 13 areas on September 16, and I was picked by a party candidate without the sentence living-in-tiger that was party Standing Advisor passing through a runoff in aides of Former President Roh Moo-hyun who got the vote of 56.5% more than the majority in the whole country (when support of the majority was not got, the runoff by two high ranks was carried out on 23rd, and a first place candidate became going to decide a candidate as of 16th.) [13].
| Sign | Full name | Age | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 丁世均 | 61 |
|
| 2 | 金斗官 | 53 |
|
| 3 | 孫鶴圭 | 64 |
|
| 4 | Sentence living-in-tiger | 58 |
|
| 5 | 朴晙瑩 | 65 |
|
- The source: 18대대통령선거후보자선출본경선후보안내 (18 代大統領選挙候補者本競選候補案内)。 Democracy unification party homepage (July 31, 2012 reading)
| Candidate name | Mobile Vote | Polling place Vote | Spot vote | Total vote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate decision | Sentence living-in-tiger | 336,717 | 7,790 | 2,676 | 347,183 (56.52%) |
| 孫鶴圭 | 127,856 | 6,040 | 2,309 | 136,205 (22.17%) | |
| 金斗官 | 82,255 | 4,208 | 1,379 | 87,842 (14.30%) | |
| 丁世均 | 39,180 | 2,550 | 1,297 | 43,027 (7.01%) |
- The source: " <표> 민주통합당대선경선최종득표현황 (<table＞民主統合党大選競選最終得票現況) ". Alliance news (own country version). (September 16, 2012)L September 16, 2012 reading.
| | The correction of this knob is expected. |
Trend of the ruling and opposition parties
Park Geun-hye is elected in August by the presidential candidate of the セヌリ party. A sentence living-in-tiger elected it to a presidential candidate of the Democratic Party in September, the following day, and cheap Tesshu declared a run, and it was the composition that three influential candidates of cheap Tesshu competed for a sentence living-in-tiger with Park Geun-hye. Movement for the concentration of the maintenance power led by Park Geun-hye, a sentence and cheap による opposition candidate unification and the concentration of the progress power was developed afterward.
Concentration of the maintenance power
The セヌリ party which elected Park Geun-hye to a presidential candidate arranged the election system promptly. And I left Grand National Party in a presidential election in 2007 to merge the advanced unification party which was the conservative mini political party which had the support base which resisted Chungcheongnam-do [34] and I was independent and unified the maintenance power with joining a political party of 李会昌 where I ran for and candidate Park Geun-hye support expression (November 24) [35]. In addition, the Korea light ball which was a pro-former democracy that the Kim Dae-jung ex-President who had dissatisfaction in the pro-Roh group in 公薦排除 in the former general election was near influential politician joined the セヌリ party, and the Korea sum former called "little Kim Dae-jung" expressed Park Geun-hye support in aides of President sponsor, too [36].
Opposition candidate unification and progress power concentration
It was a variable to greatly control election results whether the sentence living-in-tiger which was a major candidate and candidate unification by cheap Tesshu were realized for the opposition camp where a wide margin was acquired by Park Geun-hye. The Democratic Party and the sentence living-in-tiger which there was as having top priority by government recapture called the cheap Tesshu camp by unification from the first, but cheap Tesshu did not show in particular a clear posture [37].
On the afternoon of November 6 that was under 50 days until election, the first discussion by cheap Tesshu with sentence living-in-tiger was carried out and agreed by realizing candidate unification by candidate registration on November 25. The possibility that the composition of the electoral campaign became the virtual single combat by Park Geun-hye and the opposition party joint candidate of the セヌリ party in this way increased suddenly [38]. For movement of such the opposition party zone, which "the important right that the nation was given was deprived" of showed "an artificial pair by candidates without competitiveness" and a posture to criticize to the セヌリ party [39]. The discussion for the unification was started on 12th, but the cheap camp expressed discussion interruption for the unification on 14th saying that the Democratic Party side spread for "a cheap candidate concession theory" to promote the cheap concession that it was intentionally [40].
The negotiations were stopped until 18th, but agreed by sentence and both cheap の talking together triggered by total retreat [41] of the lower than representative plum sea 瓚 Democratic Party leadership which the cheap camp demanded having been performed, and agreeing for a new political declaration, and reopening one discussion from 19th [42]. I demanded that the cheap camp asked "the approval rating of the opposition party system candidate" and "competitiveness by the single combat with the candidate ruling party" whereas I demanded that the sentence camp let a public opinion poll reflect "competitiveness in the single combat with the candidate ruling party セヌリ party Park Geun-hye" with "the candidate appropriate for the candidate affiliated with opposition party" on public opinion poll enforcement to decide a joint candidate, and the groove of both was not buried. Cheap Tesshu expressed candidacy refusal on November 23 while the candidacy registration deadline approached on November 26. The candidates affiliated with opposition party were in this way unified virtually by a sentence living-in-tiger [43]. Furthermore, the candidate of progress Peronist party which was a left political party 沈 sun John expressed candidacy refusal and sentence living-in-tiger support on November 26 and agreed in policy association on December 2 [44]. Because cheap Tesshu who gave up a run cooperated with change of government for an electoral victory in the discussion with the sentence living-in-tiger carried out on December 6, I agreed [45].
Official candidate
Candidacy registration was carried out on November 25 and 26th, and seven people than election with a few five people ran last time. A sign (number) was assigned to a candidacy registrant, and, as for Park Geun-hye who was the candidate of the セヌリ party (154 seats) sequentially with much number of the seats in the Diet, as for the sentence living-in-tiger that was a candidate of the Democratic Party (127 seats), as for the second, the plum plus princess of the Progressive Party (6 seats) candidate, it was the third most. The seventh was assigned to four independent candidates who stayed from the fourth [46].
| Sign | Candidate name | Sex | Age | Position political party | Occupation | Career | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Park Geun-hye 박 근혜 | Woman | 60 | セヌリ party | Political person |
| |
| 2 | Sentence living-in-tiger 문 재인 | Man | 59 | Democracy unification party | Diet member |
| Progress Peronist party supports it |
| 3 | Plum original princess 이 정희 | Woman | 42 | The unification Progressive Party | Lawyer |
| I run on December 16 and decline it [47]. |
| 4 | 朴鍾善 박 종선 | Man | 84 | Independent | Unemployment |
| |
| 5 | 金昭延 김 소연 | Woman | 42 | Independent | Worker |
| A progress new party supports it |
| 6 | 姜智原 강 지원 | Man | 63 | Independent | Lawyer |
| |
| 7 | Junko Kim 김 순자 | Woman | 57 | Independent | Cleaning worker |
| Some power of the progress new party supports it |
- The source: 후보자명부 (ballot), an election statistics system. November 26, 2012 reading
Overseas ballot
An overseas ballot was enforced at this presidential election as wrote in the beginning, and the overseas nation (overseas absentee, overseas elector) who did not live in the country became able to vote. The overseas qualified voter registration was carried out at the government establishment abroad of 107 countries of the world from July 22 to October 20 [48].
- Overseas absentee
- A target person: Inhabitants registrant and the Korean nation who did domestic whereabouts report
- A report period: From 150 days before election day to 60 days ago. I apply in a city, a county, a ward (when abroad via the government establishment abroad).
- Overseas elector
- A target person: The Korean nation who does not do resident registration or domestic whereabouts report
- A report period: From 150 days before election day to 60 days ago. I apply at a government establishment abroad.
Because the qualified voter registration in the April general election was dull, the convenience such as enabling the registration by the E-mail was planned, but the qualified voter registration that central board of elections announced as of 22nd after the registration deadline remained in the 10% level with 223,557, registration rate 10.01%. In addition, as for the registration of the overseas permanent residence incarnation who does not do resident registration in Korea, it is 4.71% of registration rates in 43,248 people [49]. 11月20日、中央選管が発表した投票可能な確定在外有権者数は、22万2389人で比例代表のみの投票だった4月総選挙と比較して約80％増加した[50]。
在外投票は110カ国・地域の在外公館に設けられた164箇所の在外投票所で12月5日～10日にかけて行われた[51]。10日に締め切られた在外投票は登録者22万2389名のうち、15万8235名が投票を行った。結果、投票率は71.2％に達し、4月総選挙の45.7％から大幅に上昇したが、在外有権者全体から見た投票率は7.1％に留まった[52]。
| 在外公館数 | 164 |
| (a)推定在外選挙人総数 | 2,233,695 |
| (b)登録選挙人数 | 222,389 |
| (c)投票者数 | 158,235 |
| 選挙人総数に対する投票率(c/a) | 7.1% |
|---|---|
| 登録選挙人数に対する投票率(c/b) | 71.2% |
- The source: 在外選挙最終投票率.（中央選挙管理委員会）2012年12月16日
船上投票
今回の大統領選挙から韓国国民が船長となっている遠洋漁船や外国航路旅客船や外国航路貨物船に乗務している船員も船上投票（洋上投票）が可能となった。
- 船上不在者申告期間：2012年11月21日～25日
- 申告方法：選挙管理委員会が船会社に船上投票案内と申告書を送付、船会社は対象者が乗船している船舶にファクスあるいは電子メールで送り、申告を受け付ける。申告書は船長の確認を受けた上で船舶に設置されたファクスを用いて申告期間中に市郡の選挙管理委員会に送付。
- 投票：2012年12月11日～14日
- 投票用紙は該当する市郡の選挙管理委員会がそれぞれの船舶にファクスで送信。船長は投票用紙を該当船員に引き渡す。
- 投票は船内に設置された投票所で船員から選ばれた参観人立ち会いの下で実施。
- 投票を終えた船員は投票用紙を市道の選挙管理委員会にファクスで送信（記入された内容が分からないようシールドファクスを使用）、投票用紙は封印した状態で船内に保管。
- 保管投票用紙は船舶が国内の港湾に到着した際に市道に選挙管理委員会に提出あるいは第三国から国際郵便で市道の選挙管理委員会に送付。
- 市道選挙管理委員会はファクスで送られた投票用紙を記入された内容が見えないよう封筒に入れて該当する市郡選挙管理委員会に書留郵便で送付。
- 市郡区の選挙管理委員会は、市道選挙管理委員会から送付された船上投票の投票用紙を投票箱に入れ封印して保管。選挙期日午後6時に投票箱を開票所に運び、不在投票用紙と共に開票する。
- The source: 2012第18代大統領選挙 船上投票（2013年1月14日閲覧）
選挙結果
概要でも記述したように朴槿恵が文在寅に約108万票余り、3.6％の僅差で当選した。当選した朴槿恵は率に換算して51.55％を得ており、民主化以降の大統領選挙では初めて当選者得票が過半数を上回った。投票率は75.8％で前回選挙を12.8％、前々回を5％あまり上回る結果となり、激戦と関心の高さを裏付ける結果となった。
| 選挙人数 | 40,507,842 |
| 投票者数 | 30,721,459 |
| 投票率 | 75.8% |
|---|
| 首都圏 | ソウル | 仁川 | 京畿 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 75.1% | 74.0% | 75.0% | |||
| 忠清道 | 大田 | 世宗 | 忠北 | 忠南 | |
| 76.5% | 74.1% | 75.0% | 72.9% | ||
| 全羅道 | 光州 | 全北 | 全南 | ||
| 80.4% | 77.0% | 76.5% | |||
| 慶尚道 | 釜山 | 大邱 | 蔚山 | 慶北 | 慶南 |
| 76.2% | 79.7% | 78.4% | 78.2% | 77.0% | |
| 江原・済州 | 江原 | 済州 | |||
| 73.8% | 73.3% | ||||
- 注：投票率が全国平均を上回った地域は太字で強調。
| 順位 | 番号 | 名前 | Position political party | The number of votes | Vote rate | 当落 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | Park Geun-hye | セヌリ party | 15,770,910 | 51.55% |  当選 |
| 2 | 2 | Sentence living-in-tiger | Democracy unification party | 14,689,975 | 48.02% | |
| 3 | 6 | 姜智遠 | Independent | 53,299 | 0.17% | |
| 4 | 7 | Junko Kim | Independent | 46,010 | 0.15% | |
| 5 | 5 | 金昭延 | Independent | 16,684 | 0.05% | |
| 6 | 4 | 朴鍾善 | Independent | 12852 | 0.04% | |
| - | 3 | Plum original princess | The unification Progressive Party | - | - | 選挙撤退 |
| 総投票数 | 30,723,431 | 100% | ||||
| Candidate name | Park Geun-hye | Sentence living-in-tiger | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Position political party | セヌリ party | Democracy unification party | ||
| Total vote | The number of votes | Vote rate | The number of votes | Vote rate |
| 15,773,128 | 51.55% | 14,692,632 | 48.02% | |
| ソウル特別市 | 3,024,572 | 48.18% | 3,227,639 | 51.42% |
| 仁川広域市 | 852,600 | 51.58% | 794,213 | 48.04% |
| Gyeonggi-do | 3,528,915 | 50.43% | 3,442,084 | 49.14% |
| 大田広域市 | 450,576 | 49.95% | 448,310 | 49.70% |
| 世宗特別自治市 | 33,587 | 51.91% | 30,787 | 47.58% |
| 忠清北道 | 518,442 | 56.22% | 398,907 | 43.26% |
| 忠清南道 | 658,928 | 56.66% | 497,630 | 42.79% |
| 光州広域市 | 69,574 | 7.76% | 823,737 | 91.97% |
| 全羅北道 | 150,315 | 13.22% | 980,322 | 86.25% |
| 全羅南道 | 116,296 | 10.00% | 1,038,347 | 89.28% |
| 江原道 | 562,876 | 61.97% | 340,870 | 37.53% |
| 釜山広域市 | 1,324,159 | 59.82% | 882,511 | 39.87% |
| 大邱広域市 | 1,267,789 | 80.14% | 309,034 | 19.53% |
| 蔚山広域市 | 413,977 | 59.78% | 275,451 | 39.78% |
| 慶尚北道 | 1,375,164 | 80.82% | 316,659 | 18.61% |
| Gyeongsangnam-do | 1,259,174 | 63.12% | 724,896 | 36.33% |
| 済州特別自治道 | 166,184 | 50.46% | 161,235 | 48.95% |
| 在外国民 | 67,319 | 42.55% | 89,192 | 56.38% |
 広域市·道別選挙結果地図 Boku gets most support Mr. sentence gets most support | ||||
 基礎自治団体別選挙結果地図 Boku gets most support Mr. sentence gets most support
| ||||
- 出典：선거통계 시스템（選挙統計システム）
地域別でみた場合、朴槿恵はソウル市と全羅道を除く全地域、文在寅はソウル・全羅道でそれぞれ最多支持を得た。また大邱・慶尚北道では朴槿恵、全羅道では文在寅がそれぞれ80％以上の支持を得る結果となり、韓国政治を左右してきた地域主義に基づく投票行動が今回の選挙でも現れた。年代別では20～30代は文支持、50代以上では朴支持がそれぞれ多数を占め、人口で多数を占めている50代以上の有権者の投票行動が結果を大きく左右する結果となった[53]。
脚注
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- ^ "정세균 "국민이 믿는 든든한 경제대통령 되겠다"（丁世均"国民が信じられる強固な経済大統領になる"）". Alliance news (own country version). 2012年6月27日閲覧。
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参考文献
- 中央選挙管理委員会（중앙선거관리위원회）
- 리얼미터（リアルメーター）世論調査機関
- 2012韓国大統領選、聯合ニュース（日本語版）の大統領選挙特集サイト。
- 제 18대 대통령 선거（第18代大統領選挙）、聯合ニュース大統領選挙特集サイト。
- 奥園秀樹「2012年韓国 総選挙・大統領選挙に向けて」（霞山会Topics＆News）
関連項目
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