Base

In this item, I explain acid and a general base working in pairs. Please see in particular "a nucleic acid" about the nucleic acid base constituting nucleotide of DNA, the RNA.

A base (I do not obtain it come British: base) is acid and a material working in pairs in chemistry. Generally, chemical species [¹] which receives proton (H⁺) or gives an electron pair. Because a definition has been reconsidered while being accompanied by the expansion of the concept, during a history, several kinds of basic definitions exist.

It is said that it is particularly alkaline with a basic (I do not obtain it I help you put on it and am) again such water solution with a property to act as a base. Because acid and the basic definition are relative concepts, it is not unusual for the material which is a base to work as acid in another system in a certain system. For example, the water behaves to the hydrogen chloride as a Broensted base receiving a proton, but acts as Broensted acid giving a proton for the ammonia. I call a strong base (strong alkali), a weak base a weak base (weak alkali) with a basic strong base. In addition, I may call the nucleic acid base which a nucleic acid has merely base.

Table of contents

Alkali

The hydroxides such as alkali metals or alkaline earth metals or ammonia, pH of the water solution including amine more greatly than 7 name a material indicating the basicity generally and call it alkali (British: alkali) [²]. It is the concept that Arabian scientist jar building イブン = high yarn produced ("the alkali" comes from Arabic to mean ash). In addition, I may call alkaline water solution and alkali metals merely alkali. The alkaline compound presents bitterness basically.

Basic definition

Only an outline describes below each basic definition. The details are articles: See acid and a base.

Arrhenius base (Arrhenius base)

The base by the definition of Arrhenius. The material which gives hydroxyl ion (OH^-) when I dissolved in water. In a lower expression, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) acts as Arrhenius base.

NaOH → Na+ + OH⁻

Broensted base (Brönsted base)

The base by the definition of Broensted - Raleigh. A material [³] which receives a proton. "B" or "B^-" is a Broensted base by a bottom-style reaction.

B + H⁺ → B⁺H

B-+ H⁺ → BH

Lewis base (Lewis base)

The base by the definition of Lewis. A material [⁴] which gives an electron pair. "B" is a Lewis base by a bottom-style reaction.

 

References cited

1. ^ base - IUPAC Gold Book
2. ^ "physics and chemistry dictionary" fifth edition, Iwanami Shoten
3. ^ Brønsted base - IUPAC Gold Book
4. ^ Lewis base - IUPAC Gold Book

Allied item

There is a basic item in ウィクショナリー.

Wiki media Commons has the category in conjunction with the base.

• Acid and base
• Acid
• Strong base
• Super base

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