Ernst Thalmann
 Person of German state politicsErnst Thälmann | |
|---|---|
 1932 | |
| The date of birth | 1886April 16 |
| Birthplace |  Deutsches Reich Hamburg |
| Date of death | August 18, 1944 (58 years old death) |
| Death place |  German country テューリンゲン state Buchenwald |
| Position political party |  The German Communist Party |
| Spouse | Rosa tail man |
| | |
| The number of times elected | Six times |
| The term in office | 1924May 4 - 1933February 28 |
Ernst Thalmann (Germany: for Ernst Thälmann, from April 16, 1886 to August 18, 1944) is a German politician of Weimar Kyowa period. The party leader of German Communist Party (KPD). The tail man German Communist Party to lead was opposed to National Socialism Germany Workers' Party (Nazis party) and party leader Adolf Hitler intensely and competed in election and a street. I was arrested after birth of the Nazi Administration by Gestapo and I was sent to the Buchenwald concentration camp later and was killed in the ground.
Table of contents
Career
Deutsches Reich Era
I am born as a son of the miscellaneous goods merchant John tail man of free city Hamburg of Deutsches Reich. After having graduated from an elementary school of Hamburg in 1900, I come to help with business of father. I worked as a boiler maintenance man of the cargo boat from 1904, but he belonged to the German Social Democratic Party and was discharged from this work in 1913 from those days because I was eager in a labor movement. I was drafted in German Imperial Army in January, 1915 by World War I. I participate in the German independent Social Democratic Party which a left-winger separated from the German Social Democratic Party at the end of 1917. In the case of the revolution in Germany, it was in the Western Front. Only daughter Irma () is born these days in Rosa Koch () and encounter marriage, 1919 of the daughter of the shoe store.
KPD joining a political party
After defeat of Germany, a party was divided more whether the German independent Social Democratic Party participated in the Comintern of the Soviet Union. The Comintern participation group participated in German Communist Party (KPD) in December, 1920, and the tail man belonged to this flow, too. The tail man is picked in a joint party convention immediately by the party center committee. In addition, I became the chairperson of the Hamburg district. I attend at the third Comintern meeting of Moscow in representatives of the German Communist Party in the summer of 1921. I had an interview with Vladimir Lenin. I was assigned to the party center by leader of Communist Party Heinrich ブランドラー (). A grenade was hurled in June, 1922 by the right-winger, but survives. I supported the organization of the riot of the worker who got up in Hamburg in October, 1923. However, the riot failed, and the tail man sank underground for a while. I visited Moscow again when I heard news of the Lenin death and was given a duty to guard a coffin of Lenin from Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
KPD chairperson
The tail man belonged to the left in the Communist Party and promoted a radical armed revolution. The tail man attacks the ブランドラー party center executives of the right wing intensely in fourth Central Committee by the fine weather of February 19, 1924. The central committee resolved to replace the leadership unanimously, and the left controlled a party. The tail man took office as the acting chairman. I run for the second Diet member election in May and have been elected a Diet member. In addition, I am picked in the fifth Comintern meeting held in Moscow in summer of the same year by the member of the executive committee of the Comintern. I became the chairperson of the private soldier corps "red front soldier alliance" of the German Communist Party in February, 1925. Furthermore, I took office as Chairperson of German Communist Party (the party leader) in October of the year and ran for a presidential election in Germany at the end of the same year. Paul phone ヒンデンブルク, the Social Democratic Party or the Roman Catholic of the conservative competed with both persons of Wilhelm Marx of the Central Party which received support of the liberal power in the old imperial government officer who commanded it all-out of World War I, but, as for the election, it is ヒンデンブルク and single combat of Marx virtually, and ヒンデンブルク wins by a narrow margin. The tail man was over to an out of question fly-by-night candidate without only 6.97% of votes rate being provided.
However, when Germany is exposed to social economic confusion by the world Great Depression, the extreme right wing and left-winger come to collect the support of the nation, and Nazis party of the extreme right and the Communist Party of the extreme left will greatly make rapid progress afterwards. Nazi got 18.3% of votes in the Diet election of 1930, and it was at a stretch in the second party and the Communist Party got the vote of 13.1%, too and established the position of the third political party next to the Social Democratic Party and the Nazis. A fight of combat troop "red front soldier alliance (RFB)" of combat troop "storm troops" (SA) and the Communist Party of the Nazis party came to occur in the street of several cities, and hundreds of casualties came to occur. However, it shows that the number of the party members of both parties increased rapidly that such a scuffle uproars increased (on the other hand, joint struggle relations were seen in the Nazis and the Communist Party in the constant field including the labor dispute at this time, but the Nazis, the Communist Party both parties were going to never take the joint struggle relations with the Social Democratic Party).
However, the tail man Communist Party to lead fought against the well off including the financial world and the conservative definitely and fought against the moderate left power including the Social Democratic Party. The Communist Party called the Social Democratic Party "social fascism" (this was a policy of the Comintern) and the Social Democratic Party called the Communist Party "a militarism group formed by a vagrant" and slandered it each other. The Communist Party was completely in a lone condition, and, as for what did the funding of the large amount of sum, it was in Communist Party of the Soviet Union. On the other hand, room in cooperation with a conservative was enough, and the person of the Nazis party succeeded in attaching a large amount of financial support by work such as Hellman Goring that an upper class was from it from the financial world including the financial world. It was a presidential election of February, 1932 that this difference meant a lot first.
1932 presidential election
Star Berg showed up in person in this election other than ヒンデンブルク aiming at reelection on Hitler of the Nazis party, tail man of the Communist Party, Theo Dole day of Stahlhelm. The Communist Party with "the vote to ヒンデンブルク vote to Hitler same; the vote to Hitler was the same as a vote to war.", and raised it in the を slogan, and election was active, but did not show the vote of the tail man with 13.24%. I left an image for the nation vividly and avoided the criticism that was open again for representative ヒンデンブルク of the conservative and I did "a vote in を slogan to Hitler and fought with the canvassing for vote using the airplane which one Hitler purchased by the support of the financial world by an electoral campaign for respect in ヒンデンブルク.". Result, the Nazis party acquired the Communist Party and the vote of 30.12% who greatly acquired a difference and controlled the vote of ヒンデンブルク which was President active play to 49.54%. ヒンデンブルク, Hitler, the runoff by three high ranks of the tail man were performed to become the President because a vote of the majority was necessary, but Hitler stretches out a vote to 36.77% in this election more. The tail man of one Communist Party reduces a vote than 10.16% and primary election. This runoff in itself ended in victory of ヒンデンブルク with 53.05% of votes rate, but these election results vividly told you about Nazis party having begun to greatly touch a difference in the Communist Party.
Furthermore, the Nazis overwhelm other parties at a vote rate of 37.4% whereas the Communist Party remained in a vote rate of 14.5% in the Diet election held in July of the year, and I outrun the Social Democratic Party, and it is in Diet first party (in the Communist Party a third political party next to the Nazis and the Social Democratic Party). The vote rate of the Communist Party rose to 16.9% in the Diet election of November that lasted, and the Nazis dropped a vote rate to 33.1%, and the Nazis still maintained the position of the first party although a difference was shortened to some extent, and the Communist Party remained in the third political party next to the Social Democratic Party.
Arrest, death
In January, 1933, the ヒンデンブルク President will appoint Adolf Hitler the prime minister by a result of 2 degrees Diet election. The Communist Party with sense of impending crisis came to approach the Social Democratic Party with anti-Nazis joint struggle. However, the joint struggle was refused because the Communist Party was hostility to the Social Democratic Party by the process that I spoke earlier. And Diet building arson case in Germany occurred in February, and "the Germany Communist Party concluded with a wirepuller of the arson" by the reason of Marinus fan デア ルッベ of the member of Netherlands Communist Party () having been arrested, and the Nazis government did the Communist Party with an illegality political party. The seat of the Communist Party was just crossed together with a seat without performing re-election, and the Nazis party got a working majority of the Diet. Hellman Goring who became the State of Prussia Secretary of State for the Home Department hurried up the arrest of communists to the politics Police Gestapo that oneself just founded in the Prussia state police. The tail man was arrested on March 3 by Gestapo, too. Two legal service lawyers were sent with a tail man, but each two lawyers was Nazis party member. Still the tail man was going to accuse Hitler at the place of the court, but it lasted for 11 years, and pending continued taking a tail man into custody in a cell without being going to begin a trial at all because I permitted different communist ゲオルギ ディミトロフ an argument, and I was guilty, and the Nazis government which just failed in what I did did not give him the opportunity of the argument. Meanwhile, only questioning and the torture were carried out, and buttocks and a face and the back were hit with a whip, and four teeth were broken [1].
I was shot to death after transportation to the Buchenwald concentration camp in August, 1944 by bodyguards (SS) member. When Nazi died by Buchenwald air strike of the Allied Forces with Rudolf ブライトシャイト () of former Social Democratic Party, I announced the falsehood. In addition, wife Rosa and daughter Irma were arrested prior to tail man killing and were sent to a ラーフェンスブリュック Concentration Camp and the attached camp, but all two of them lived and were able to invite the end of the war.
Honoring
The tail man which was "fighter of the communism" who was sacrificed for the Nazis when socialism country, East Germany which reincarnation Germany socialism unification party of the German Communist Party ruled over after the war was established [2] came to be honored, and the amount of memory was installed in the wall of the crematory of Buchenwald by the East Germany government [3]. In addition, the name of the Pioneer was named Ernst Thalmann Pioneer (), too, and his name was named by the names of various facilities such as the Ernst Thalmann military academy () of national people's army ground troops, Ernst Thalmann police academy of the German Vopo, commune Ernst Thalmann vehicle and a hunting gun factory. In 1972, Cuban leader Fidel Castro renamed one of the Cuban uninhabited islands to the Ernst Thalmann Island.
References
- オシップ フレヒトハイム work, Sueo Ashikaga reason, "the German Communist Party of the ヴァイマル republic era," it is Toho publication for 1,972 years
- Written by Rupert Butler, Taguchi non-translation into Japanese "secret police Gestapo fear of Hitler and insane story," it is an original bookshop for 2,006 years. ISBN 978-4,562,039,760
Source
- ^ "secret police Gestapo fear of Hitler and insane story" 94 pages
- ^ 伸井太一 "industry product society criticism company made in false German 〈 1 〉≒ East Germany", 2009 P146
- ^ Ernst Thälmann, Find a Grave, April 26, 2014 reading
| Party job | ||
|---|---|---|
| Predecessors in the family line: アルカディ Maslow | Chairperson of German Communist Party From 1925 to 1933 | The next era: John Sheelah |
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Ernst Thalmann
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