Tank car

In this item, I explain kind of the freight train. Please see "a tank engine" about the mogul. Please see "a tanker" about the tank car of the car.

Tank car (DOT-111 type) of the United States of America

The tank car (tank しゃ, English Tanker) is the freight train which I attached a tank-shaped carrier to. As for the load, powders such as a liquid, gas and the cement such as oil products such as gasoline or kerosene and various formation products (chemical substance) are important. The car model sign in the Japanese National Railways is referred タ (from タ of the tank) to.

Table of contents

Structure

Structure public

 

Japanese Taki 43000 form freight train. The type that an underframe is omitted as for this tank car.

On the underframe which put steel materials together, it is a form to carry the cylindrical tank which is loading equipment. I inject it in a direct tank, and, as for the liquid, gas, powder granular material which is a load, transportation (transportation bulky rose heaping up) is considered to be it without doing packing and packing.

Structural characteristics include the point where the intermediate part of the underframe is omissible. It was the important part which became basic of the whole body, but I made a tank body firmly and kept strength and omitted the intermediate part of the pillow beam (cart mount), and structure (frameless structure) and Taki 9900 form to connect pillow beam - edge beam and a tank body strongly who did it appeared in the underframe for a railroad carriage in (1962) in 1962.

This structure that the tank body of the large capacity was available was applied to a tank car for exclusive use of the Taki 43000 form gasoline for the transportation between bases in comparison with self-respect by improvement in later years. After same shape-style beginning to use, I received domestic and foreign serious accident frequent occurrence caused by the overturn serious damage of the tank car, and a new product was forbidden once by concern in the security, but a new product was enabled again because compatible technique established high transportation efficiency and safety of this structure with the proviso that I took tank body damage preventive measures in (1982) in 1982. The tank car of the new product depends on this structure recently.

Difference by the load

Because a load contacts loading equipment directly, the structure is different depending on the physical property, chemical property of the load including the corrosive presence specific gravity. Therefore, "exclusive classification" to load only with a specific item is set of each vehicle. For example, as for the Taki 1000 form, "gasoline"^[1]Taki 5450 form is a car for exclusive use of each of "liquefaction chlorine". "Stone oil" [²] is marked as classification for exclusive use of the person horn, but the structure of the details including a discharge device and the safety device is different in the car model to transport a car model to transport light oil, kerosene having low boiling point and high heavy oil of the boiling point [³].

As the example which I may convert into the transportation of other loads after having washed the tank by the everyday use (classification for exclusive use of the temporariness), a lot of conversion examples of car [¹] → heavy oil transportation (as for the reverse, impossible) for exclusive use of the gasoline exist.

I show below a structure example depending on the property of the load and the example of the vehicle form in Japan.

General liquid

 

 

 

The top: Taki 40000 form (for exclusive use of the gasoline)
A bottom: Taki 44000 form (for exclusive use of oil)

It carries a tank body on the underframe and I inject a load from upper part manhole and drain it from 取卸口 of the lower tank. It is a general specification applied to the load that the degree of risk at the time of the leak is relatively small.

An example:

• Gasoline^[1]（Taki 9900 form・Taki 64000 form・Taki 1000 form (JR freight)）
• Oil^[2]（Taki 44000 form・Taki 45000 form）
• Alcohol（Taki 3500 form・Taki 7250 form）

Corrosive material

 

 

 

The top: Taki 29100 form (for exclusive use of the concentrated nitric acid)
A bottom: タム 8000 form (for exclusive use of hydrogen peroxide)

Strong acid, strong alkali. I produce a tank body with a load and materials (stainless steel aluminum) which do not react and assume the discharge of the load "an upper soup stock method" caused by the air pressure, and the preventive measures against corrosion, leak accidents are done.

An example:

• Strong sulfuric acid（Taki 5750 form・Taki 46000 form）
• Concentrated nitric acid（タム 100 form・Taki 7500 form・Taki 29100 form）
• Caustic soda liquid (Taki 2600 form, Taki 7750 form)

Liquefaction gas

 

 

 

The top: Taki 5450 form (for exclusive use of liquefaction chlorine)
A bottom: Taki 18600 form (for exclusive use of the liquefaction ammonia)

The vehicle transporting the gas which liquefied under high pressure low temperature designs the tank body as a pressure vessel enduring high pressure, and 取卸口 is high structure of the sealing up degree. The tank outside is covered in 遮熱板 (キセ jacket) to prevent a temperature rise and fills an insulation material between a tank body.

An example:

• Liquefaction chlorine（タム 8500 form・Taki 5450 form）
• LP gas (タサ 5700 form, Taki 25000 form)
• Liquefaction ammonia (Taki 4100 form, Taki 18600 form)

Powders

 

Taki 1900 form (for exclusive use of the cement)

Invention is made by 取卸方法 to be inferior to fluidity than a liquid. I let air gush out of the tank lower part inside, and there is a thing to vacuum-suck from the thing which I get rid of friction and begin to drain and upper part loading mouth directly.

An example:

• Cement（Taki 7300 form・Taki 3800 form・Taki 1900 form・Taki 12200 form）
• Alumina (Taki 2000 form, Taki 6400 form)

Food

Measures to prevent the change in quality of the load are done, and there is the thing which established 遮熱板 preventing a thing and the temperature rise using the materials which are hard to react including the stainless steel to the tank body.

An example:

• Wheat flour（Taki 24700 form）
• Soy sauce（Taki 24900 form）
• Alcoholic beverages（Taki 13800 form）

Constant temperature transportation product

The vehicle transporting a material having high melting point adds structure to transport it with keeping the aspect of the load a liquid. I assume a tank body dual structure and fill a gap with insulation materials such as glass wool or the urethane foam.

An example:

• Liquid sulfur（Taki 23600 form）
• Asphalt (Taki 9200 form, Taki 11700 form)
• Caprolactam（Taki 14800 form・Taki 17500 form）

 

タム 200 form (for exclusive use of carbon disulfide)

Special item

I let you cool and solidify the load which let you melt at a high temperature after loading, and it forms and cuts off the air (carbon disulfide) and injects warm water for prevention of dust explosion and takes water in a half dissolution state to let 取卸時 become warming liquid again (metal sodium), and to prevent a sudden reaction, and there is (soda chlorate).

The history, change

 

The tank fleet which was detained by the JR Negishi Line Negishi Station yard. I see a dedicated line and product ground of the JX energy on the depths side of the yard. (April 30, 2016)

In Japan, the vehicle that Samuel Samuel firm [⁴] started use for company oil products transportation use in (1893) in 1893 is considered to be the founder. To date the vehicle having the cylindrical tank body which continued started use from (1900) in 1900. At first "an oil tank car" (ゆそうしゃ.as for the sign a of the oil.) と calls itself it, and the current "tank car" depends on the title revision of the Japanese National Railways freight train of (1928) in 1928.

Shipper oneself owned a vehicle and developed from process after the beginning to use as "the private wagon" which belonged to the railroad business entity (Japanese National Railways) to date. There was much oil wholesale and held it, and, in the case of much oil, the logo (company badge) of the companies had been greatly ever described for number, but most were transferred to specialty haulier such as Japan Oil Talminar or Japan Oil Transportation in the after 1980s.

In late years a lot of container trucks which I can load with ISO standard container are produced, and there are many examples to shift to a tank container from a tank car in the formation product transportation that small lot transportation becomes important mainly. I increase ease of contracted, transshiping it in an advantage of the feasible container transportation for transportation time and am a part of the facilities update of the company with the deterioration progress of tank car in itself which I used conventionally.

At the small base of the transportation scale, there is the abolition of switch (truck, marine transportation) transportation in itself of the collection, the transportation means to the base of the neighborhood, too, and there is gradually the being on the register roll number of the tank car in a tendency to decrease regardless of exclusive classification. 12,302 total number was registered at the end of 1986 just before the JR shift, but the being on the register roll of the end of 2005 is 4,719 total number.

The correction of this knob is expected.

Allied

• Formation product class number

Footnote

1. "The gasoline" saying ^ ^{a b c} here is a word to point to the low oil products of the boiling point and the ignition point such as light oil, kerosene other than gasoline.
2. "The stone oil" saying ^ ^{a b} here is a word to point to the oil products having high boiling point and ignition point such as heavy oil and the lubricant.
3. I heat it, and a heat insulator may be wound up with the tank car for the heavy oil transportation of cold districts such as ^ Hokkaido in a tank by the outside to be easy to do discharge in winter, and to do it.
4. It is a forerunner of Royal Dutch Shell after ^ and reaches current Showa Shell Sekiyu through Rising Sun oil in Japan.

Wiki media Commons has the category in conjunction with the tank car.

This item is an unfinished item in conjunction with the railroads. I demand the cooperator who corrects it, and corrects this item (P: railroad /PJ railroad).

It is acquired by "https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= tank car &oldid=61055451"

This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Tank car

This article is distributed by cc-by-sa or GFDL license in accordance with the provisions of Wikipedia.

Wikipedia and Tranpedia does not guarantee the accuracy of this document. See our disclaimer for more information.

In addition, Tranpedia is simply not responsible for any show is only by translating the writings of foreign licenses that are compatible with CC-BY-SA license information.