2016년 11월 20일 일요일

Social exclusion

Social exclusion

The social exclusion (しゃかいてきはいじょ British: social exclusion) is the state that an individual or a group is removed for some kind of causes by the society. It is an opposite state of the social subsumption (しゃかいてきほうせつ).

Table of contents

General statement

It is a comprehensive concept to express a state standing alone from the society without the human rights that treaty (it takes effect adoption /1987 year for 1,984 years) about international agreement (it takes effect adoption /1976 year for 1,966 years) [1] [2], International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (it takes effect adoption /1976 year for 1,966 years) [3] [4], treaty (it takes effect adoption /1981 year for 1,979 years) [5] [6], treaty (it takes effect adoption /1990 year for 1,989 years) [7] [8], international treaty (it takes effect adoption /1969 year for 1,965 years) [9] [10], torture about the abolition of the racial discrimination of every form about the Child Rights about the abolition of the discrimination of every form for the girl about the social and economical and cultural right that is adopted for the purpose of protection, the realization of human rights at United Nations general meeting since the United Nations is founded, and the number of the member nations meets a treaty effect standard, and took effect and the handling or the penalty is non-humanitarian or to injure dignity that is other brutality [11] [12], treaty (it takes effect adoption /2008 year for 2,006 years) about the right of the person with a disability [13] [14], international treaty (it takes effect adoption /2010 year for 2,006 years) about the protection of all people from forced disappearance [15] [16], addition Protocol (it takes effect adoption /1967 year for 1,967 years) [19] about the position of Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (it takes effect adoption /1954 year for 1,951 years) [17][18]/ refugees, treaties [20] of the International Labour Organization [21] prescribe being intentional, and being violated by causes such as inaction, lack of recognition, inexertion, the lack of ability and being realized [22].

In United Nations general meeting, United Nations Economic and Social Council, United Nations human rights board of directors [23] [24], World Health Organization [25] [26], International Labour Organization [27], United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [28] [29], I am recognized to be [37] [38], the serious problem that should be settled [32] [33] [30] [31] in [36], Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in [34] [35], Cabinet Office in the Prime Minister's office of the Japanese Government.

History

The word social exclusion occurred in analysis for the issue of poverty in Europe. The direct cause of the poverty is lack of the income, but it is unemployment and an agreement. Causes of the unemployment include non-skill, sickness and wound, ill health of lack, the skill of racial discrimination, the verbal ability, but, as for them, there is not ability to cancel the problem. It is originally caused by the fact that the public service that a social member can enjoy equally is not received for reasons of the social discriminatory service, ignorance, the verbal ability lack, the poverty, the family affair (a relative and young mother needing help), the house circumstances. Such people fall into "social exclusion".

Originally the social exclusion referred to an obstacle for an unemployed person to obtain a main occupation, and the social exclusion measures meant working measures to assume vocational training an axis in this way. However, as a factor to manifest the economic distress of the poor, the ability difference with the average social member due to the economical poverty attracted attention afterwards and came to consider lack of the ability to be social exclusion. Furthermore, in late years I include cultural opposition and may call myself social exclusion because an element such as a race, a language, the religion is related to the cause of the difference.

Cause

Because concept in itself is abstract as for the social exclusion, the clear definition of the person of cover social exclusion does not exist. Every form of the social participation, I exemplify whether lack of what kind of ability obstacles to the social participation. As for the illustration, the cause compounds not an exclusive classification in many cases.

Example of the social exclusion

Form

This clause is a temporary name when I express a specific group in a framework of social exclusion.

Social cover exclusion group

A tied group suffered social exclusion for common sense of values for the sense of values or most of members put distance from the society as a group as a result that it was a person of social cover exclusion. A tied community corresponds, and I am brought into question mainly in France taking the emigrant assimilationism by a race, the religion including the emigrant. In late years isolation, opposition with the society is a progressing case, and it is concerned about as an uneasiness factor in peace and order measures including the induction of the riots becoming the problem while I do a group solidarity strong inside.

Social cover exclusion rank

It is a person of continuous social cover exclusion and is the set of the person without possibility of the secession afterwards. It is hierarchy division with the income, and a form, a cause of the social nonparticipation does not matter mainly. I point to the state that the children of the poor in particular colonize the person of social cover exclusion for an economic reason and am brought into question in the U.K. It is 妊 んでいるためである for fear that a person of social cover exclusion is existence of the existing rank such as the upper reaches, midstream, the working class out of the frame as for what bring making it it into question the rank of the person of social cover exclusion in the U.K. considered to be a class society and causes division in the rank (the particularly middle-class working class).

Person of mental social cover exclusion

Oneself "the society person who recognizes that stand alone." As for the appearance, various to a person of "severeness" which the clear classification does not exist, but 缺 comes in social nature from a person of "slightness" reaching the constant social symptom to have sense of estrangement from the society while participating, and to hit including the operation, and refuses a relation with the society. In the concept that appeared with definition expansion of the social exclusion, I am treated as one form of the sickness and wound (mental disease) for the policy.

Problem

The reason why social exclusion is considered to be a problem reaches plainly and is to be more likely to become the moral and material cost increase factor for society. The person targeted for the social exclusion is often poor economically, and it is concerned about causing peace and order drop by becoming a target of the public assistance, and performing increase and the wrongful conduct of the social security budget.

In addition, the child of the person becoming a target of the social exclusion as a situation concerned about in particular becomes a target of the by nature social exclusion, and immobilization of the rank may be done. It is a situation to shake democratic social root and trunk to be able to speak rank by the blood relationship and takes measures with the government of every country.

Measures

Because concept in itself is abstract as for the social exclusion, the clear definition of the person of cover social exclusion does not exist. In addition, it is hard to take the measures to handle a person of cover social exclusion comprehensively because economic conditions are different individually in progress to degree, there of the nonparticipation for the society. Therefore I perform social exclusion with taking measures by taking measures about the cause of the social nonparticipation in Europe and America.

Example of social exclusion measures

  • Restraint of war, a civil war, an internal disturbance, terrorism.
  • Crime prophylaxis, reunification, a rebirth to the society of the criminal, drug, alcohol poisoning measures.
  • The increase of the public money burden rate for the school education, the improvement of the education level.
  • Employment measures, labor hygiene environmental maintenance, vocational training.
  • Medical measures, mental health, early pregnancy measures, the traffic access improvement to a medical institution.
  • The reduction of the difference of the poverty and wealth, expansion of the income redistribution, the support for the life poor.
  • House environment measures, homeless measures, the restoration of the local community.
  • Transportation measures, the consideration to vulnerable road users, maintenance of the public transport.
  • Improvement of アウェアネス for socially vulnerable and the person with a disability.

Social exclusion in Japan

Because there was not a concept of "the social combination" to become the premise of "the social exclusion" in Japan, it is difficult to tie "social exclusion" to a social problem in Japan. Therefore I make a concept called "Japanese model social exclusion", and the person analyzing it for problems in Japan exists. As "the social exclusion in the fundamental meaning in Japan," a domiciliation foreigner (illegal immigrant in particular) problem corresponds. The person who does not understand Japanese shuts itself up in the individual community while I have strong ties by common culture community, and isolation with the society goes. The illegal immigrant in particular does not become a target of the social security and a person poor economically performs a criminal act and becomes the uneasy factor in peace and order measures. There is opposition whether it is what removes it as a criminal fairly to this problem whether you recognize it as a social member even if it is an illegal immigrant, and the clear answer is not provided.

Japanese model social exclusion

As for the social exclusion, the definition that was totally different from Europe is done in Japan and is often used as a ground, it "is caused by society not what is due to the person that an individual falls into a difficult situation".

"A person of cover social exclusion" prescribes almost authorized "socially vulnerable" comprehensively and does the definition when the relief is social duty and is often used as political correctness of the public support demand.

"Socially vulnerable" to intend for varies among insisting people and is a person with a disability and it is the economical poor and varies. It is the point with the principal objective in "helping an individual in Japan so that society participates" whereas the social exclusion measures in the treaty about the right of the European to impaired person "remove an element obstacling to the society participation" and are going to do it for social exclusion and difference of Europe. This has a big place by having consciousness or not of "the social combination".

About these claims, I require unreasonable help to an evaluation of the significance to relieve the person whom I did not send to the frame of social welfare, administrative services and a specific person, and criticism to have a problem with equitableness of the welfare exists.

Social exclusion for the young man

I was forced that it was to an unstable temporary employee and job-hopping part-timer removed by the social insurance that I could not solve only by a personal effort for economical recession, low growth, zero economic growth, negative economic growth, a change of the social structure, intensification of the international competition by the globalization, the job shortage by the complex causes such as drops of the international competitiveness and the complex causes such as the defects of the relocation policy of a social security system, safety net, a finding employment support policy, the work force, and the young men called the job-hopping part-timer NEET who did not receive the education either increased rapidly without giving up job hunting again, and taking a job. There is the mass retirement of the post-baby boom generation after 2005, and the active opening ratio for the new college graduate was restored, but it is unavoidable at the time of the job shortage, and there are many people falling into the situation that there is not only by a still personal effort very because the eyes of the employer were not turned for the person that it was in dispatch and a job-hopping part-timer NEET. The youths who cannot steal out of unstable life continue increasing, and it is a serious problem in the present in 2016.

It may be said that there is the social exclusion for the young man in the background that this problem does not solve. As for a lot of companies which are negative against adopting it regular in people of irregular employment and the occupationless (NEET), regular under the influence of [39] [40], a finding employment glacial epoch; the aging in a generation advances for a finding employment glacial epoch as a result that was left unattended though was forced that it is irregular employment or occupationless without being employed without the young man concerned being given an opportunity, and what escape still more from a job-hopping part-timer and an NEET makes it difficulty. The Shinzo Abe Administration advocated "a re-challenge policy" to support working, but the important pre-Cali art (job-hopping part-timer, dispatched worker, NEET) of "the re-challenge policy" was inapplicable. Needless to say, the young man concerned cannot acquire even the underlying right "that I have a child and bring up" because an income is unstable.

Because social exclusion is considered as a cause in the NEET in the EU countries about the NEET in particular, the tendency that it is said to that it is caused by social exclusion likewise about the issue of NEET in Japan is strong. [41]

Footnote

[Help]
  1. ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity>
  2. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER IV Human Rights>International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. New York, 16 December 1966
  3. ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity> International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (B agreement)
  4. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER IV Human Rights>International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. New York, 16 December 1966
  5. ^ Treaty about the abolition of the discrimination of every form against Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity> girl
  6. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER IV Human Rights>Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. New York, 18 December 1979
  7. ^ Treaty about Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity> Child Rights
  8. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER IV Human Rights>Convention on the Rights of the Child. New York, 20 November 1989
  9. International treaty about the abolition of the racial discrimination of ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity> omniformity state
  10. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER IV Human Rights>International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. New York, 7 March 1966
  11. Treaty about ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity> torture and other cruel handling or penalties is non-humanitarian or to hurt dignity
  12. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER IV Human Rights>Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. New York, 10 December 1984
  13. ^ Treaty about the right of Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity> person with a disability
  14. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER IV Human Rights>Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, 13 December 2006
  15. ^ International treaty about the protection of all people from Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity> forced disappearance
  16. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER IV Human Rights>International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. New York, 20 December 2006
  17. ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs> foreign policy> human rights, humanity> Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
  18. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER V Refugees and Stateless Persons>Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. Geneva, 28 July 1951
  19. ^ United Nations>Treaty Collection>Status of Treaties>CHAPTER V Refugees and Stateless Persons>Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees. New York, 31 January 1967
  20. ^ International Labour Organization (ILO)> stationing in Japan office> international labor standards - ILO treaty, advice
  21. ^ List of ILO treaties that International Labour Organization (ILO)> Japan ratified
  22. It is> Fukuhara presentation document on list of> "society special mission team> second meeting Tuesday, February 22, 2011 proceedings such as ^ Prime Minister's office> meetings subsuming each one"
  23. ^ United Nations>Search>"social exclusion"
  24. ^ United Nations>Department of Economic and Social Affairs>Analysing and Measuring Social Inclusion in a Global Context
  25. ^ World Health Organization>Search>"social exclusion"
  26. ^ World Health Organization>WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health From the Social Exclusion Knowledge Network>Understanding and Tackling Social Exclusion
  27. ^ International Labour Organization>Search>"social exclusion"
  28. ^ United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization>Search>"social exclusion"
  29. ^ UNESCO>Social Inclusion on the UN Agenda
  30. ^ Prime Minister's office >Search>" social exclusion "
  31. ^ Prime Minister's office> policy meeting> "society special mission team subsuming each one"
  32. It is an investigation into about the actual situation> social exclusion on the ^ Prime Minister's office> policy meeting> "society special mission team> sixth meeting Tuesday, May 31, 2011 proceedings subsuming each one"
  33. Basic way of thinking to push forward> (document 2-1) social subsumption policy on the proceedings on ^ Prime Minister's office> policy meeting> "society special mission team> sixth meeting Tuesday, May 31, 2011 subsuming each one"
  34. Basic way of thinking to push forward> (document 2-2) social subsumption policy on the proceedings on ^ Prime Minister's office> policy meeting> "society special mission team> sixth meeting Tuesday, May 31, 2011 subsuming each one"
  35. Basic way of thinking to push forward> (document 2-3) social subsumption policy on the proceedings on ^ Prime Minister's office> policy meeting> "society special mission team> sixth meeting Tuesday, May 31, 2011 subsuming each one"
  36. ^ Cabinet Office >Search>" social exclusion "
  37. ^ Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare >Search>" social exclusion "
  38. Process to lead to> social exclusion in ^ Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare> council> social exclusion risk investigation team September, 2012
  39. Regular adoption, 88% of ^ job-hopping part-timers are negative…The Federation of Economic Organizations investigation - Yomiuri Shimbun (August 27, 2006)
  40. ^ "" [in working applicant 80%, the adoption negative company 80% / Yokohama-shi "NEET" investigation - kana local people (April 28, 2008)]. Kanagawa newspaper publisher (April 28, 2008). An original [broken link] archive as of June 9, 2008. February 5, 2012 reading.
  41. Correspondence - incorporated administrative agency labor policy study, training mechanism article (Michiko Miyamoto) of ^ social exclusion and juvenile occupationless - U.K. Sweden

References

  • HMG (British Government) Kenzo Kashino reason "ambition Tezukayama University publication society of the new welfare contract U.K.", Kii country shop bookstore, 2008

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