2016년 11월 8일 화요일

North Wei

North Wei

A letter (JIS X 0213, CJK unification kanji expansion A) which I cannot display by some computers and browsers is included in this item (in detail).
North Wei
Wei
← 代 (16 five-forked prayer staffs)
← Former Hata
← In the summer (16 five-forked prayer staffs)
← North swallow
← North cool air



 From January, 386 to 534 intercalary December East Wei →
West Wei →
Position of north Wei
The mid-fifth century
Official language 鮮卑語 → Chinese word (Chinese)
Capital 盛楽
Heijo
Capital
The emperor
386 years /398 -409 a year year Way Wu-di
From 409 years to 423 years Light cause emperor
From 423 years to 452 years 太武帝
From 471 years to 499 years Takafumi emperor
From 532 years to 534 years 孝武帝
The change
The founding of a country January, 386
It is divided by the east and west 534 years
The early sixth century
The Chinese history
Prime mover・Indigo plant field・Peking man
Myth legend (Three Emperors and the Five Saints)
The Yellow River・Chang Jiang・Liao civilization
In the summer
The Yin
Lap Amane Nishi
East lap Spring and summer
War-torn country
Hata
Han Previous Han
Newly
後漢
Three countries Wei Kure 蜀
晋 西晋
東晋 16 countries
North and south morning Soong North Wei
斉
Beam West Wei East Wei
Chen Northern Chou Northern Ch'i
Sui
Tang  
Lap
 
Ten countries in the era of five dynasties
Soong North Soong Liao Hsihsia
South Soong Money
The cause
明 The north cause
Balance due  
清
 
Manchurian The Republic of China
 
The People's Republic of China The Republic of China
（Taiwan）
Chinese history chart
The Chinese Korea-affiliated history
Portal: China

The country where north Wei (ほくぎ, a 拼 sound: for Bĕiwèi, from 386 years to 534 years) was built to the north and south morning service charges of China by 拓跋氏 of 鮮卑族. I became independent after former Hata collapse and let I unified North China, and 16 five-forked prayer staffs era end.

The name of a country is Wei, but usually calls Wei of this 拓跋氏 north Wei to distinguish it from Wei of the age of civil strife or Wei of the Age of Three Powers. In addition, from Yuanshi that is the Han-like family name may call Wei of 拓跋氏 with former Wei (げんぎ) whereas I call this 曹魏 because 曹氏 built Wei of the Age of Three Powers (in a wide sense in east Wei and west Wei included in this). Furthermore, from an origin of the name of a country, I may call former Wei, former Wei 後魏 (こうぎ) in 曹魏.

Table of contents

History

The founding of a country period

In 拓跋部 of 鮮卑, 拓跋力微 presents it for 曹魏 for 261 years of the Age of Three Powers, but this establishes it in name of a country later in Wei; was derived. 拓跋部 built 代 afterwards for 16 five-forked prayer staffs era. 代 lasted 8 main 60 rest of life, but I was ruined at the time of 拓跋什翼 犍 in December, 376 by 苻堅 of former Hata [1]. At this chance I escaped, and 拓跋珪 of the grandchild (with "a Soong book" a child) of 拓跋什翼 犍 became a dependent on [1], the orchid part to congratulate of the part from mother with mother under 劉庫仁 of the German segment region which governed 代国東部 in former Hata followers more [2].

Former Hata suffers a complete defeat by a fight of the 淝 water of October, 383 in 東晋 and is weakened. When 劉庫仁 died in October, 384, a fight for successor happened, and 拓跋珪 escaped in the orchid region to congratulate again, but northern, the wave of the races independence by the former Hata collapse spread and I received promotion of the orchid region to congratulate in January, 386 and succeeded to the throne in 代王 in Ushikawa (current Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Kowa prefecture) and did an up country and the-based cause and renamed it to King Wei in April [2]. This is the founding of a country of north Wei [2]. However, a dominion of north Wei at the beginning of founding of a country was only a restrictive area around 盛楽 (current 内蒙古自治区和林格爾県), and the power was only a small and weak small country than charges of the past [2].

Power extended of way Wu-di

I concluded an alliance, and north Wei cooperated with 後燕 at first and broke successor Akira Liu of 劉庫仁 in July, 387 and destroyed the Mamoru Liu dragon which governed the western part of former territory of 代 in December, 391 and put local most which appeared for the offensive to 柔然 or a high car almost simultaneously, and reached Mongolia from Orr DOS under the control [2]. However, such a rapid power expansion would collide with 後燕 and north Wei concluded west swallow and an alliance opposed to 後燕 and fought against each other [3]. When west swallow was destroyed in August, 394 by 後燕 [4], I let 後燕皇帝慕容垂 left 100,000 militaries at 皇太子慕容宝 in May, 395 and attack north Wei and north Wei to correspond to retreated to Orr DOS and confronted it and annihilated 後燕軍 by a fight of 参合陂 of the current Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region cool air castle prefecture in November and let power relations with 後燕 reverse [3]. I received counteroffensive of 慕容垂 in March, 396 and lost Heijo and was defeated, but because a camp sank by a sudden illness, and 後燕 was weakened by the internal troubles of the royalty rapidly when 慕容宝 succeeded you [3], north Wei recaptured 広寧 (current Hebei 涿 deer prefecture), Kamiya (current Hebei Huailai prefecture) in June, and 慕容垂 subjugated 并州 (current Shanxi) in September in April [2]. I invaded and attacked in 冀州 which could be called the stronghold of 後燕 in the east and took Dichroa febrifuga (current Hebei Shijiazhuang City) and brought the areas except capital Nakayama (current Hebei Chongju-si) and sincerity capital (current 河北省冀州市), 鄴 (current 河南省臨 漳 prefecture) of 後燕 under control [2]. The sincerity capital let you fall in January, 397 [2], and Nakayama took one [5] that 弟慕容麟 of 慕容宝 became independent by an internal trouble of 後燕 away [6], and 鄴 subjugated it in January, 398, too, and I almost took the ground from the Yellow River and to the north away from 後燕, and it was a ruler of Nakahara [6]. Nakayama was struck from 後燕 in February, but repulsed it [5]. Backed by such a power expansion, 拓跋珪 transferred the capital in Heijo (current Shanxi Datong city) in July and I succeeded to the throne as the emperor in December and became way Wu-di [6]. Way Wu-di made an effort for the maintenance of national polity and the rule system using the loyal retainer of the Chinese intellectual in the swallow after 慕容垂時代, and this was because they took the system which what canceled the example which transferred the capital there when a conventional five-forked prayer staff dynasty ruled over Nakahara, and was particular about Heijo put a base in the live stock farming zone around here, and ruled over the farming zone of Nakahara, and the basics of north Wei were established in the times of way Wu-di [6]. North Wei pressured 後燕 and south swallow established in disruption and pressured the north swallow established in 後燕滅亡後 afterwards. In addition, way Wu-di conquered the parent, and north Wei overthrew 後秦軍 by a fight of 柴壁 in those days because a flat positive was attacked at loggerheads with Hata in May, 402 by 後秦軍 after having extended power like north Wei [7] [8]. However, north Wei at the time did not have the power before destroying 後秦 and made peace for 407 years [8].

Way Wu-di largely extended power in this way, but I was killed in October, 409 by 拓跋紹 of the second son [9].

Times of the light cause emperor

拓跋嗣 of the eldest son killed 拓跋紹 and, after death of way Wu-di, succeeded to the throne and became a light cause emperor [9]. The light cause emperor bet an attack on high car and 柔然 and was opposed to north swallow, south swallow, 後秦, summer more [9]. However, in north Wei, 東晋, opposition with so-called Konan became gradually clear because Yutaka Liu held the government these days in 東晋 of Konan and came to have the powerful armaments, and it was destroyed all 後秦 south swallow for 417 years for 410 years by Liu Yu [9].

The light cause emperor did not enlarge too active power, but a mission is at war with the north swallow arrested for twice from 416 years [10] and fights against the summer in cooperation with west Hata again. The light cause emperor died in November, 423 [9].

North China united by 太武帝

After the death of the light cause emperor, 拓跋燾 of the eldest son succeeded to the throne and became 太武帝 [9]. Because it was only summer that I was able to be opposed militarily with north Wei in North China if it became about time when this [9], 太武帝 presented frequent diplomacy with Kokuryo and Soong [11]. When 赫連勃勃 of the founder died in August, 425, I declined rapidly and let the parent conquered 太武帝 in October, 426, and summer 首都統万城 fall in the summer [12]. 赫連昌 of the child who succeeded 赫連勃勃 fled into upper 邽 in February, 428, but I was arrested by north Wei, and 赫連定 of the younger brother succeeded to the throne with flat cool air, but I was chased in November, 430 by north Wei and after all escaped in upper 邽 [12]. And, in June, 431, 赫連定 was arrested by 吐谷渾 and I was taken to capital Heijo of north Wei and was executed and was ruined [12].

By summer extinction, it becomes only enemy Pond, north swallow, the north cool air after 残 るは [11]. However, these were the small countries where I could be finally opposed to in cooperation with Soong of the south morning with north Wei and destroyed north swallow weakened by an internal trouble in April, 436 [11]. The north cool air was subordinate to north Wei early and maintained close relations through concluding marital status [13], but destroyed north cool air by the expedition personally conducted by the Emperor of 太武帝自 and others in September, 439 [11]. This was said to be unification of the North China by north Wei, but 後仇池 still really remained [11]. The enemy Pond was destroyed for 442 years by north Wei, too and north Wei got division of the North China that continued from establishment of 前趙 for approximately 150 years under control here and established the unification government afterwards [11].

North and south morning service charges

After this, China is included in north and south morning service charges. North Wei dismantled previous tribalism and reorganized it in the dynasty of China based on the aristocracy. The emigrant decreased by North China unification of north Wei after the 440s (I considerably decreased with 20,000 people in the 440s) and I worked as the emigrant from the northern other ethnic group after the 450s and came to have few it, and the North China society was stable [14].

道士寇謙之 established a Taoism religious community in these days and I was allied with 崔浩 of the Chinese bureaucrat and made a proposal for 太武帝, and abolition of Buddhism was carried out. This of the persecution of three Buichi sects is the first. 崔浩 propelled the foundation of the noble society with south dynasty as a model hastily and promoted a Han Kasei plan for 鮮卑 and fusion of the Han race more, but as a result of having angered 鮮卑族 in history of nation editing, was done 誅殺 for 450 years [15].

In the times of the Takafumi emperor of the sixth emperor, I adopted an etiquette system of Confucianism under 聴政 of 馮太后 and enforced equal-distribution land system and established a three length system. The Takafumi emperor who started direct Imperial government posthumously of 馮太后 pushed forward a more sudden Han Kasei plan. The moratorium on clothes and language of 鮮卑, all including the adoption of the Han race-like one character family name were 鮮卑 and fusion policies of the Chinese, but I reminded you of repulsion and reaction of the nationality of 鮮卑人, and, as for the Han Kasei plan of the Takafumi emperor, it was the foreshadowing of the revolt of のちの 六鎮 [15]. For 493 years, I moved the capital in the capital from Heijo [15].

Division and extinction of north Wei

Later north Wei becomes strong in the power of the officer after a revolt of 六鎮. The separate emperors were supported by high joy and 宇文泰 and, at the time of 永熙 approximately 150 years after the founding of a country, split into east Wei and west Wei and died out because Northern Ch'i of high him and Northern Chou of Mr. Ubun replaced each.

Art

 
Yungang Grottoes

It was ardent, and, after abolition of Buddhism by 3 代太武帝, the successive emperors believed in Buddhism and a huge cave temple such as 雲崗 and Longmen was opened at the end of fifth century in the early sixth century and invited the golden age of the China Buddhism along with Tang charges. A color is dark, and, in so-called "曇曜五窟" (the 16th - 20th cave of Yungang Grottoes) which fourth 代文成帝 erected by a proposal of 僧官曇曜 (どんよう) in the rocky place in the suburbs of Heijo, Gandhara, influence of the Indian Buddhist art such as Gupta remain in the expression of the body and clothes.

I carve a Buddha statue and a pagoda in the inside of the cave in the cave temple, and a Buddhist monastery form to decorate people with a fresco and a relief blooms widely, and the Buddhism culture will permeate China widely.

When the sixth Takafumi emperor transferred the capital in the capital, I pushed a rapid Han Kasei plan and built Longmen Grottoes in the suburbs of capital. There are the thing of north Wei charges and the thing of Tang charges in Longmen Grottoes, but a tradition Han-like with the sinus in the guest positive that is the Buddhist monastery of north Wei charges is respected, and symbolism-like expression such as eyes and sloping shoulders slit thin, the slack of the neck comes to be seen. The Chinese Buddha statue which eliminated realism characteristics spread in the East Asia countries to see completion widely here. It is said with this style in particular in Japan, "Wei-type the north".

Relation with Japan

Many related things are pointed out between north Wei and the Japanese culture.

  • A lot of Buddha statues remaining in Japan including the Buddha statue of Horyu-ji Temple are north Wei types. (opinion of Chuta Ito)
  • It may be what's called that being angry was influenced by 太武帝 of north Wei having let a same tribe give Genji of the family Japanese Genji. (opinion of Masaaki Sugiyama)
  • The national polity of north Wei of the Japanese ancient Imperial Court was modelled. Therefore, the thing which was a lot common is seen in an emperor posthumous Buddhist name, a system the name of an era, an emperor posthumous Buddhist name, a system of north Wei and the Japanese name of an era. Counting up including Heijokyo, the Emperor Shomu, the Emperor Saga, the Tenbyo era, the Jinki era does not have time. (opinion of Koji Fukunaga) [16]

Jurisdiction

113 states are in north Wei, and there is a county under the state, and there is a prefecture under the county.

Hebei area
司州、定州、冀州、并州、瀛州、State of Yin、Cangzhou、肆州、幽州、晋州、Breast state、-based state、汾州、東雍州、Cheap state、Justice state、南汾州、南営州、East swallow state、営州、Flat state、恒州、Hajime state
Nakahara area
Izumo province、蔚州、顕州、Enclosure state、Musashi、State of Hsihsia、寧州、Soul state、兗 state、Blue state、斉州、Zhengzhou、Jeju、Kwangju、Beam state、豫州、北豫州、Xuzhou、West 兗 state、South 兗 state、Guangzhou、Kiaochow、洛州、South blue state、North Xuzhou、North Yangchow、東楚州、East Xuzhou、Haeju、東豫州、Justice state、潁州、譙 state、North Kingchow、Positive state、Mamoru Minami state、楚州、Goshu、霍州、睢 state、南定州、西楚州、蔡州、西淮州、Yangchow、淮州、仁州、Kwangju、South Hajime state、South-based state、南郢州、Sashu、Beijiang state、湘州、汴 state、Fortune state
The western part
雍州、Funato state、Hata state、South Hata state、South Funato state、East gain state、Gain state、Tomoe state、Beam state、South beam state、East beam state、涇州、Kawachi、渭州、Original state、Cool air state、鄯 state、Gourd state、Sinter state、North sinter state、豳 state、State of summer、State of east summer、泰州、陝州、洛州、Kingchow、襄州、南襄州、Hiroshi Minami state、郢州、南郢州、析州

Each generation emperor

The original family name of the north Wei Imperial mausoleum was "拓跋", but changed it to the Han-like family name "cause" by a Han Kasei plan of the Takafumi emperor.

  1. First Emperor way Wu-di (拓跋珪, the reign: for 386 years for 〈 charges King 〉, 386-398 years for 〈 King Wei 〉, from 398 years to 409 years 〈 Emperor 〉) [17].
  2. Emperor light cause emperor (拓跋嗣, the reign: for from 409 years to 423 years)
  3. 世祖太武帝 (拓跋燾, the reign: for from 423 years to 452 years)
  4. 南安隠王 (拓跋余, the reign: for 452 years)
  5. 高宗文成帝 (拓跋濬, the reign: for from 452 years to 465 years)
  6. 顕祖献文帝 (拓跋弘, the reign: for from 465 years to 471 years)
  7. Forefather Takafumi emperor (Motohiro, the reign: for from 471 years to 499 years)
  8. World sect Xuanwu emperor (元恪, the reign: for from 499 years to 515 years)
    • The sentence view emperor (京兆王元愉, reign 508 years) ︰ falsely assumed title emperor. The posthumous Buddhist name that "the sentence view emperor" did 追贈 when the sentence emperor (元宝炬) of the child succeeded to the throne to the emperor of west Wei.
  9. 粛宗孝明帝 (former 詡, the reign: for from 515 years to 528 years)
    • The former law monk (reign ︰525 year) ︰ falsely assumed title emperor
    • A princess certain (the name is unknown, and the princess of the Takaaki emperor reigns: for from 1 to 2 on April in 528) ︰ Takaaki emperor only child. I am put up to the emperor in the disguise of a boy in one month after birth by a soul empress dowager (Hu empress dowager) who poisoned Takaaki emperor. However, is only 1st by a soul empress dowager because it was found out; abolished; was ranked. It is not counted to the official emperor in Masashi.
    • I was supported to the emperor at young lord (元釗, the reign: for 528 years) ︰ only 3 years old by a soul empress dowager, but 爾朱栄 which objected to it raised an army and was killed with a soul empress dowager. It is not counted to the official emperor in Masashi.
  10. 敬宗孝荘帝 (元子攸, the reign: for from 528 years to 530 years)
  11. King Tokai (元曄, the reign: for from 530 years to 531 years)
  12. 節閔帝, the former deposed king (元恭, the reign: for from 531 years to 532 years)
    • The thou south King (元悦, reign ︰530 -532 year) ︰ falsely assumed title emperor. It is Wei emperor and designation せられる by a beam.
  13. I am supported on the stable county King, back abolished emperor (Yuanlang, the reign: for from 531 years to 532 years) ︰531 ten a year moon by high joy and succeed to the throne. 擁 せられた 節閔帝 (the former deposed king) still reigned by 爾朱度律 and others at the age of a perilla, and three emperors only stood in a row in north Wei until April in the next year that high joy grasped real power of north Wei and abolished a royal rank of 節閔帝 and 元悦 because, besides, 元悦 supported to a beam named the emperor it.
  14. I got away from the capital in 孝武帝, appearance emperor (元修, the reign: for from 532 years to 534 years) ︰534 seven a year month and entered the Chang'an (west Wei) and high joy wanted to let 孝静帝 (I see former good) succeed to the throne in capital in October (east Wei) and collected it, and north Wei was divided to two.

In addition, as for the following people, a child and a younger brother were performed giving a post-humous honorific title of by the emperor when they succeeded to the throne.

  • Posthumous name by 恭宗景穆帝拓跋晃 - 文成帝
  • Posthumous name by 粛祖文穆帝元 勰- 孝荘帝
  • Posthumous name by 孝宣帝元劭 - 孝荘帝
  • Posthumous name by 孝宗武穆帝元懐 - 孝武帝

Genealogy

Way Wu-di
拓跋珪
(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Light cause emperor
拓跋嗣
(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 King Yohei
拓跋煕
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
太武帝
拓跋燾
(3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 淮南王
拓跋他
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
景穆太子
拓跋晃
(景穆帝)
 
 South King Yasushi
拓跋余
(4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Former bell Aoi
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
文成帝
拓跋濬
(5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 South King Yasushi
拓跋楨
 
 Former law monk
◆
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
献文帝
拓跋弘
(6)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chapter King Takeshi
元彬
 
 Fufeng King
元怡
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Takafumi emperor
Motohiro
(7)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 King Koryo
Former feather
(late Emperor)
 
 
 
 
 
 King of Koyo
元雍
 
 King North Sea
元詳
 
 彭城王
Former 勰
(文穆帝)
 
 
 
 
 
 Chapter King Takeshi
元融
 
 King Tokai
元曄
(11)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Xuanwu emperor
元恪
(8)
 
 
 
 
 
 A Kyoto sign king
元愉◆
(sentence view emperor)
 
 
 
 
 
 King Kiyokawa
元懌
 
 King Hirohira
Former breast
(武穆帝)
 
 Thou south King
元悦
◆
 
 King Koryo
元欣
 
 節閔帝
元恭
(12)
 
 淮安王
元育
 
 King North Sea
元顥
◆
 
 彭城王
元劭
(Takanobu emperor)
 
 孝荘帝
元子攸
(10)
 
 Stable King
Yuanlang
(13)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Takaaki emperor
Former 詡
(9)
 
 A 臨 洮 king
元宝暉
 
 (west Wei)
Sentence emperor
元宝炬
 
 
 
 
 
 King Kiyokawa
元亶
 
 King Hirohira
元悌
 
 孝武帝
元修
(14)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Princess certain person
 
 Young lord
元釗
 
 (west Wei)
Deposed king
元欽
 
 (west Wei)
恭帝
Former enclosure
 
 (east Wei)
孝静帝
I see former good
 
 King Hirohira
Former inscription
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

◆The person that a falsely assumed title worked as the emperor by the puppet of a revolt and the beam in the は district

Name of an era

  1. Up country (from 386 years to 396 years)
  2. 皇始 (from 396 years to 398 years)
  3. Sky interest (from 398 years to 404 years)
  4. Divine gift (from 404 years to 409 years)
  5. Ryougo (from 409 years to 413 years)
  6. Mizuho God (from 414 years to 416 years)
  7. 泰常 (from 416 years to 423 years)
  8. Beginning light (from 424 years to 428 years)
  9. God 䴥 (from 428 years to 431 years)
  10. The deferred sum (from 432 years to 434 years)
  11. 太延 (from 435 years to 440 years)
  12. Taihei truth you (from 440 years to 451 years)
  13. Shohei (from 451 years to 452 years)
  14. It is 永平 for pax (452 years) another view
  15. Interest is low (from 452 years to 454 years)
  16. Interest light (from 454 years to 455 years)
  17. 太安 (from 455 years to 459 years)
  18. Peace (from 460 years to 465 years)
  19. Tenan (from 466 years to 467 years)
  20. 皇興 (from 467 years to 471 years)
  21. Deferred interest (from 471 years to 476 years)
  22. 承明 (476 years)
  23. 太和 (from 477 years to 499 years)
  24. Kageaki (from 500 years to 503 years)
  25. Masatomo (from 504 years to 508 years)
  26. 永平 (from 508 years to 512 years)
  27. Ensho (from 512 years to 515 years)
  28. 熙平 (from 516 years to 518 years)
  29. The Jinki era (from 518 years to 520 years)
  30. Masamitsu (from 520 years to 525 years)
  31. Takamasa (from 525 years to 527 years)
  32. 武泰 (528 years)
  33. -based justice (528 years)
  34. 永安 (from 528 years to 530 years)
  35. 建明 (from 530 years to 531 years)
  36. 普泰 (531 years)
  37. Middle interest (from 531 years to 532 years)
  38. 太昌 (532 years)
  39. Ryougo (532 years)
  40. 永熙 (from 532 years to 534 years)

Allied item

Footnote

[Help]

Explanatory note

Origin of quotation

  1. It is P146 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  2. It is P147 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b c d e f g h Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  3. It is P105 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b c Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  4. It is P104 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  5. It is P106 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  6. It is P148 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b c d Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  7. It is P116 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  8. It is P117 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  9. It is P149 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b c d e f g Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  10. It is P110 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  11. It is P150 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b c d e f Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  12. It is P126 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b c Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  13. It is P139 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  14. It is P209 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  15. It is P211 "the migration of nations in the history of nation ^ a b c Misaki among five-forked prayer staff 16 countries"
  16. Than the ^ Fukunaga "culture of the horse and the culture of the ship." なお、拓跋力微の諡号が聖武帝、嵯峨は騎馬民族の聖地の名、天平・神亀は同一年号が北魏と日本にある。
  17. ^ 三崎『五胡十六国、中国史上の民族大移動』、P175

参考文献

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