Manchester school
Politics, economy, the generic name of the social movement that the Manchester school (with まんちぇすたーがくは, Manchester School, Manchester Capitalism, Manchester Liberalism, Manchesterism) is started from U.K. Manchester of the 19th century.
Table of contents
Summary
Because it was a center of the world eminent textile industry, in Manchester at the time of the 19th century, a factory worker followed a course of the increase after the Industrial Revolution. On the other hand, I received the thick support of the squirearchy because the profit that the Corn Law was provided from agriculture with population growth by the high price maintenance of cereals through the restraint of the international competitiveness increased.
However, it meant that the worker who worked in a textile mill of the North faced a food expenses remarkable rise to carry out Corn Law. Therefore, it was necessary to cut off prices and the vicious circle over a wage that the capitalist must pay a high wage to a worker and that this reflected it to a product price again and brought about high prices of commodities.
A campaign of the Corn Law abolition that an anti-Corn Law alliance forms it in Manchester in 1839 while I did it this way, and printed the prices restraint for the poor and the international competitiveness reinforcement of industrial products out is developed. I take it from such an exercise with the Manchester school from birth, the 16th to the 18th century and will challenge the mercantilism that was dominant in Europe to a fight.
The mercantilism was a thing based on the thoughts that national prosperity was brought by export increase and an import barrier (in other words, the increase of the trade surplus), but lack (cereals in particular) became chronic by an import quota system having been yet spread, and a nation having performed intervention (the protecting and nurturing that are, for example, industrial) of a trend bottom to hang over in the U.K. of the early 19th century to an economic process.
Fair society came in the dawn when free trade was realized, and the Manchester school said that all the necessary products got it and depended on David Hume and Adam Smith and Jean = Batty strike say theoretically.
The campaign of the school greets the sudden rise period in the times of Richard Cobden and John Bright. Because hate war and imperialism, and supported the peaceful relations between human beings in support of free trade, the Manchester school believes in the relations to be free, and to be consensual, and to be based between an individual and groups; was considered in a group. When promotion of the free trade must be always connected to the best ethical aim that is the world peace for promotion of the friendship friendship of the human, Cobden in particular did it.
In addition, Benjamin Disraeli of the Conservative Party spoke the word "Manchester school" for the first time in March, 1848 [1], but pioneer Ferdinand ラッサール of the Germany socialism created this word in a criticism purpose when it depended on American historian Ralph ライコ and German liberalist Julius ファウチャー [2].
Footnote
- ^ W. H. Greenleaf, The British Political Tradition. Volume Two: The Ideological Heritage (London: Methuen, 1983), p. 41.
- ^ Raico, Ralph (2004) Authentic German Liberalism of the 19th Century
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