Climate topography

The study that I am going to systematize the climate topography (きこうちけいがく Climate Geomorphology) is a topographical one minute field, and what kind of topography is formed by what kind of erosion action in an individual climate physiographic province. It has a close relation with the climatology. As associated topography formation action, pedogenesis action, rock waste movement are included other than weathering and erosion action.

Table of contents

Summary

The topography on the earth every times is formed along the mechanism that had the current climate limitation, and, from the past to the present, a climate and the topography keep close relations. The study that paid attention to these relations is climate topography, and it clarifies the topography formative period again, and it says with climate topography history to analyze the topography in the current face of the Earth. It is distributed between two of an internal power that causes a geological change from the inside of the earth and the external power that causes a geological change that can demand the origin from the solar light and atmosphere that I have an influence on the formation of the topography. The climate topography is divided into an external power that causes a geological change of these. An external power that causes a geological change has various kinds, but it is a climate to affect the topography formation most in that. The land topography is to strongly receive the influence of the climate because it is covered by the atmosphere. I can divide the constitution of the climate formation mechanism into 12 elements, but can divide these elements into a static element and dynamic element. The former forms the inland water, frozen snow zone, biosphere, soil zone, resolution zone, and the latter is three elements of erosion, transportation, the sedimentation. It is the constitution that the topography formation can miss neither, but the power to produce them can demand the origin from solar energy.

Climate topography of view Dell

The climate topography developed in Europe as a new research field in the topography. It was common by the investigation into topography until approximately 60 years ago to pay attention to a model example of the individual topography, and the climate topography was a study from a still new point of view. The thought about the climate topography Zone was shown for the first time in 1948 by view Dell (de:Julius Büdel). View Dell insisted on a state of erosion (denudation) being different from erosion (erosion) by a climate topography Zone. The erosion flatness side is a flat plane enacted by erosion. However, there is an argument for this way of thinking, and it is Louis (H.Louis) that is said to be the representative. Louis makes much of the organization topography, and it may be said that the organization topography school halved topography in Germany with climate topography school. In the recent study, tropical soil formation environment is discussed based on analysis of the laterite by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersion system (EDS) in detail.

Climate topography Zone

A classification of the climate topography (Climate Topography) was carried out every climatic zone, and climate topography Zones on the earth were classified by a climate topographical point of view. A climate topography Zone is the area where topography formation mechanism of the same quality almost acts on now. According to view Dell, the climate topography Zone does not necessarily fit the border of the classified climatic zone now. (the nonequivalent nature of the climate topography Zone) various elements are mixed in topography formation mechanism from this, and influence it mutually, and know that a variety of energy switches are carried out.

Classification of the climate topography Zone

I take the topography group which I can explain from every factor to have an influence on in topography formation action and current climate state into account and can sort the following climatic zones.

• The first zone: Glacier zone of the North Pole and the South Pole
• The second zone: Freeze ~ fusion zone of the polar region and the sub-polar region
• The third zone: The forest climate zone that is chilly in the winter season (ボレアル)
• The fourth zone: Wet mild forest climate zone
• The fifth zone: Climate zone of the forest step step, semidesert, desert which is chilly in the winter season and highlands Desert
• The sixth zone: The climate zone that the dry season and rainy season out of the tropical zone change
• The seventh zone: The wet subtropical zone (including subtropical climate - subtropical zone monsoon that rainy season excels, and the dry season and rainy season change)
• The eighth zone: Dry subtropical (the subtropical climate that the dry season excels, and the dry season and rainy season change) zone
• The ninth zone: Desert climate zone of the subtropical zone - tropical zone
• The tenth zone: Dry tropical fringe (the tropical climate that the dry season excels, and the dry season and rainy season change) zone
• The eleventh zone: The tropical zone that the dry season and rainy season change
• The twelfth zone: The always wet tropical zone

Study in Japan

A study is often conducted in a slope formation process from a climate topography-like point of view. The study of the postwar slope process has been performed as part of an original disaster study in Japan. However, the study from a climate topography-like point of view appeared from the 1960s and became popular from the end of 1970s. Moriya (1972) was going to arrest the development of the slope in the mountainous district based on observation of the outer layer collapse situation integrally in the upper Gifu Neo River mountains as the process when a collapse slope cut into under a great quantity of rain environment in postglacial age on the convex slope made with the action of the lap glacier of the last glacial epoch. Hatano (1974) developed this thought and I called the border with an upper convex slope and the collapse slope of the lower part an erosion front (postglacial age analysis front) and emphasized the significance of the topography history. "The postglacial age analysis front" is announced as a concept of the form change of the slopes in conjunction with the climate change in the world (Kaizuka and Suzuki,1993).

References

• Sada Machida others "topography dictionary" Ninomiya Bookstore ISBN 4-8176-0023-3
• Herbert Wilhelmy (de:Herbert Wilhelmy) work Takeo Tanioka, Yoshinori Kitano reason "climate topography"
• J, view Dell work Kazuomi Hirakawa reason "climate topography" ancient and modern times study (1985)

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