己卯士禍
己卯士禍 (only as for the hope シミョサファ) is the case that was made to lose its position by 上疏 to the sect in 勲旧派 where a lot of of the radical young person bureaucrat around 趙光祖 (チョ グァンジョ) which was existence of the leader of the people of character group is conservative in (middle sect 14) in 1519 of the Li-regimed Korea middle. They took the sexagenary cycle of the age that occurred and were called "己卯士禍", and 儒臣 sacrificed then came to be called "己卯名賢" later.
Backdrop
The beginning of the enthronement was held down by vassal of merit power of the returning to normality, and the middle sect where it was the king by a political change (middle sect returning to normality, 중종반정, another name: a revolt of 朴元宗) for the tyranny of 異母兄, a swallow mountain in 1506 was not able to show initiative of the politics, but I appointed a young person people of character group from district which passed through the person evil in the swallow mountain times to check vassal of merit power after 朴元宗 of 勲旧派 which was the first person who has rendered distinguished services of the returning to normality died in (middle sect 5) in 1510 and came to aim at the ideal politics that oneself stood on the old and the new balance of power after the fashion of 父成宗.
It was 趙光祖 to have appeared in front of a middle sect in such a case. 趙光祖 passed one of the subjects in the classical examination system for the government service in old-time China in 1510 and entered 成均館 and, by the rich learning and strict, honest personality, gathered young respect. The middle sect did a drawing room to hear reputation of 趙光祖 and was attracted at a glance. I practiced radical reform of many to idealize "moral philosophy politics" with a person of his confidence while 趙光祖 with the warm confidence of the middle sect being appointed in a short term by 大司憲 of 司憲府, and overcoming objection of a meritorious subject group and the maintenance power from (middle sect 10) for four years to (middle sect 14) in 1519 in 1515.
I it in the progress of the case
趙光祖 carries out full-scale reform for the maintenance power including "the abolition of 昭格署" (post performing religious service of the Taoism) and "the volost about の spread" of (middle sect 12) based on the confidence of the middle sect in 1517 and I carry out "wise and gentle person department" (recommendation system of the human resource which does not depend on an employment examination for government officials) and will invite strong resistance of 勲旧派 to (middle sect 14) for 1,519 years.
The one which became a direct cause of the case was called "偽勲削除事件", and, in autumn of this age, the 趙光祖 and others accused it at the king saying "you should deprive it of 76 qualifications of those because there was too much number of people of the returning to normality vassal of merit" and appeared. When an object of the reform came to extend to the core part of 勲旧派 through 偽勲問題, I repeated harm of the clique politics of 趙光祖一派, and 勲旧派 of the 南袞, 沈貞, 洪景舟 and others which learned a sense of impending crisis did 上疏 while reading the psychology of the middle sect and did work such as "走肖為王" (趙光祖 is going to become King) on the leaf of the mulberry of the Imperial Court again using a Seraglio and acted in separating the heart of the middle sect from 趙光祖. Sect oneself passed in a fact, too, and 趙光祖 demanded practice of the saint rule as the monarch from the sect during the talk for an ideal of "the moral philosophy politics" for a long time at the seat of the straw mat and it was disagreeable for the politics posture that there was not of the compromise and came to think.
When 趙光祖 and others began sit-in to make a direct appeal to the king in November, 1519, the middle sect hardened the determination that condemnation did 趙光祖一派 by the defamatory words of the meritorious subject group and gave it an order for the imprisonment of 趙光祖, 金浄, 金湜, gold 絿 and others. When a case is found out, light gathers at the door front, and 1,000 Confucian scholars of 成均館 appealed for the innocence of 趙光祖 and others, but they rather do a case in the unavoidable situation and will hasten the disposal to the people of character group.
After having sentenced 趙光祖 to an exile in an intricate design castle (のちの intricate design state), in 勲旧派 which held initiative, 賜死 did 趙光祖 in spite of the objection of the moderates one month later. 趙光祖 facing the death had loyalty to King and feeling of the patriotism for the poetry of the death poem without the slightest doubt. It was 38 years old. Is involved in a case; and a many people of character group an exile was dismissed from the office, and the down the years political action of the middle sect was regulated strictly.
Influence of the case
"己卯士禍" was the person evil that thought of the people of character group and political practice itself were asked literally, and there was the serious thing which the influence on people of character group beat extensively.
It is thought how many the number of causes of the reform failure is, but the district not having been still provided with the soil accepting the reform from the top, politics thought itself of 趙光祖 are tight things of the study of Confucianism complete devotion to be seen in the case of town about の enforcement without political system at the time still maturing enough, and let's include that the political ability as the monarch of the sect was far behind world sect and 成宗 in former ages in not having been enough a deepened thing.
The radical reform of 趙光祖 failed by the estrangement of the middle sect which was a supporter and the oppression to the people of character group by "己卯士禍", but the claim of his idealistic moral philosophy politics affected it with a big lesson in after ages, and evolution development as the study of the Chinese study of human life and natural laws was seen by the great Confucianist (李滉 and 李珥) of next-generation two.
Particularly, it was the times of 宣祖, and people of character group came to hold the center of the politics, and thought of 趙光祖 and the practice were appreciated and, with teacher, 金宏弼 (), were respected as a legitimate successor of the Korea Chinese study of human life and natural laws and came to be worshiped.
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia 己卯士禍
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