2016년 12월 13일 화요일

Entrance screen door

Entrance screen door

A screen door that the entrance screen door (げんかんあみど British: Screen door) accompanies the entrance door and installs.

Louver-type entrance screen door in the apartment

Table of contents

Summary

As for the word to be called "entrance screen door", the concept is vague by the words that are a niche very if I see it nationwide, and there are many various places where there is not even that the louver type entrance screen door which is again kind considered the goods. It is a background of the concept rule, kind and birth, an installation procedure as follows.

Concept

I break the words of "the entrance screen door", and a concept prescribes each, and the concept of "the entrance screen door" is clear if I unify these again.

  • 「The entrance」: Originally "entrance door, a door, a door" is attached to the entrance by all means, but the main requirements found in this are the outside and block, crime prevention characteristics and beautiful sight characteristics of 宅内, but the former is closing practices.
  • 「Screen door」: A main important matter demanded from a screen door is ventilatory ventilation characteristics and insecticide function, but the former is liberation characteristics, and it may be said that the latter is partial closing practices.

Thus, can conceptualize it abstractly saying "entrance screen door" "is the supplement housing part of the entrance door which had reciprocity requirements to be called closing practices and patency", but put some requirements together with the balance of the reciprocity element mentioned above for the concrete realization of this concept more; is necessary.

Realization requirements of the concept

  1. Closing practices, block-related degree and requirements
    1. The physical strength that can interrupt the invasion of an outside human being and the large animal as much as possible
    2. The shape that can intercept the minimi such as insects from the outside
    3. The shape that can interrupt human eyes from the outside 　
  2. Patency, air permeable degree and requirements
    1. The shape that ventilation characteristics using the difference of atmospheric pressure inside and outside the home can secure　　　　　　　　　
  3. Mutual adjustment functions of closedown degree and the opening degree
  4. Other requirements
    1. Closing practices, block-related degree and requirements
      1. The physical strength that can interrupt the invasion of an outside human being and the large animal as much as possible
      2. The shape that can intercept an insect, a minimus from the outside
      3. The shape that can interrupt human eyes from the outside
    2. Closing practices, air permeable degree and requirements
      1. The shape that ventilation characteristics using the difference of atmospheric pressure inside and outside the home can secure
    3. The function that can coordinate closedown, opening degree
    4. Other requirements
      1. Demerit restraint of being a supplement thing of the entrance door
        1. Reduction of a setting area, the necessary area at the time of the use
        2. Handiness of the disassembly
        3. Handiness in the use
        4. Beautiful sight characteristics
          1. Beautiful sight characteristics of the material
          2. Handiness of care, the cleaning
        5. Reasonable product cost 　　

A realization method and kind of the concept

I can classify 2 by the condition of the entrance, and the realization method of the concept called "entrance screen door" can be similar to the kind as follows for two minutes.

1.The case which does not make much of simple or simple entrance screen door ... closing practices

For example, when a township and the outside are cut off at the gate, and, in a door-built house, "a prevention of invasion function of the person from the outside" is not demanded so much for home entrance door (or 勝口扉)
The main purpose can be accomplished with the simple screen door such as the lower photograph or the simple screen door if I do not make much of beautiful sight characteristics so much. In addition, the block-related lowness becomes the high patency in proportion to this closing practices, and the ventilation characteristics become good. If there is not a door at all if I extremely say, it is the meaning with 100% of opening degrees.

    2.The case which both the louver-style entrance screen door ... patency and the closing practices make much of together　　

    For example, it may be said that a louver type with some physical strength such as the right photograph is appropriateness when block with the outside is found only by one piece of entrance door even if in the apartment and door-built house. Furthermore, it may be said that closing practices and the thing with the adjustment function of patency aspect each other are more appropriate.

    Among 2 above-mentioned macrotaxonomy, as for the former, there are a great variety of things from the condition reason which does not make much of closing practices, an extremely brief article to a somewhat complicated thing and omits those appearance here on this page because detailed.

     
    Louver-type entrance screen door in the door-built house

    "It is made with louver, an armor" (for lighting and the ventilation) and is like the right photograph with Louver Window, and, with louver (louver), the main function, meaning of these words is lighting-related ventilation-related patency, but comprises physical strength to cut off a human being and the large-scale animal invasion like a photograph right as a premise from the outside.

    Shape of the louver

    Because the louver was made of wood at first, it was a simple thing, but hang it for the development of the aluminum industry, and the thing of the complicated shape is cheap, and mass production is enabled if I prepare even for a die, and, as for the shape, the maker companies produce some models like a right photograph now. The point of the case is ventilation characteristics and a good balance of the eyes block from the outside, and there is the opinion that the thing of "the Z-shape" is ideal, and, as for the details, this page becomes the reference materials.
    There is window shade (blind) to the article of the louver resemblance, but this primary meaning is "blindness" and is derived from now on, and there is the familiar window shade to hang inside of the glass window, but I am not used for the entrance screen door which makes much of ventilation characteristics because the main function is the closing practices that is view block, keeping off the sun light (block of the light) to know it by the primary meaning mentioned above.

    Constitution of the louver-type entrance screen door

    I can classify roughly on entrance screen door frame to set entrance screen door body and this.

    1. The entrance screen door frame is comprised of a top and bottom frame and right and left alette component -1, and the entrance screen door body is a simple substance of the finished products.
    2. It is the entrance screen door body component -2

    There is the most complicated type elsewhere and is comprised of following three elements.

    Frame (I post a roller and a guide for the opening and shutting in the upper part and the lower part) + louver part (I locate a louver angle adjustment lever) + screen door part

    I locate louver louver region on the front and back from net Tobe, the room outside from the room that the thing of the right photograph does division into four of screen door bodies and catches each frame inside and am a method that the front and back penetrate four Shinsaibashi Yuria screws and fix (a type doing net exchange, the cleaning of the screen door, the cleaning of the louver in what both can remove easily).

    • Installation procedure of the entrance screen door
    1. Measuring of the entrance screen door frame mount
    2. Assembling of the entrance screen door frame
    3. I attach the entrance screen door frames after the assembling to existing entrance door frame
    4. On entrance screen door frame after the installation, I set the entrance screen door body

    The above is a required basic 4 process, but I accompany it, and the following work may be added.

    • It is processed the screen door frame by the condition of the additional 1 mount
    • It is worked on the width adjustment of the mount by the condition of the additional 2 mount
    • It is worked on the entrance screen door body, high screen door limit adjustment by the condition of the additional 3 mount
    The details of the procedure mentioned above are "entrance screen door installation lecture" reference

    Change of the market

    Birth of climate condition and the entrance screen door of the Kansai area

    Approximately 2 degrees Celsius Osaka is high in the maximum temperature of the recent summer of Osaka / Tokyo as follows.

    July ... about 31/29 ℃, August ... about 33/31 ℃, September ... about 29/27 ℃ [1]. Originally temperature of the summer was slightly higher in the Kansai area than Kanto area, and various measures for ventilation characteristics of the house were relatively the soil which spread, but a highly confidential apartment complex, the construction of the apartment began in this way in the Osaka zone when it was at the mid-1970s. However, because it was standardized (opening width = 800mm), and the mass production condition of the entrance screen door came out, a joiner began to make the wooden entrance screen door such as the photograph of the at first louver mentioned above with the precision that the size constitution of the entrance apartment door mount was very high and began sale construction for an apartment. This is the birth of the louver-type entrance screen door.

    Initial ... late 1970s and mid-1980s

    The entrance screen door with the aluminum shape which an aluminum sash entered the full-scale spread period in the 1970s and it was cheaper than wooden entrance screen door such as the above and could easily mass-produce was developed.

    The product made in this aluminum had good beautiful sight, too, and because there was the side of the durable consumer goods which was usable for 20-30 years, the reputation was very good, and sale motivation greatly went up product made in aluminum entrance screen door maker and the profit of the installation supplier very much, and, as for the central price range, product in itself expelled woodenness entrance screen door in a short term again though the wooden entrance screen door mentioned above was around 100,000 yen and created the market of the product made in aluminum louver type entrance screen door.

    The first heyday ... mid-1980s and early 1990s

    As the new apartments increased rapidly nationwide through a bubble period, an optional product market for new apartments was done. In addition to technique of the marketing by the conventional handbill mailing, I increased a market as one of the optional products for new apartments, and the spread greatly advanced by bubble economy.

    The second plateau ...1990 generation

    I changed with 20 tens of thousands of, and the spread in the new construction apartment advanced from ten a year tens of thousands of to the nationwide construction of new apartment number of houses, and, by the word of mouth of the people who attached entrance screen door by then more, the spread advanced even to the existing apartment, and, in the Kansai zone, diffusion rate appeared even in the apartment more than 50%, and the market which was stable in the apartment was completed afterwards. [2]

    The stagnation period ...2000 generation of a third period few

    We had revision of the Fire Services Act in 2001 taking advantage of Kabukicho, Shinjuku building fire, and the adoption in the option product distribution channel of the new apartment was restrained, and one of the markets greatly reduced it, and the mass production system of the maker was maintained, too, and supply-demand balance entered for a break low price plateau. In addition, the interpretation about the Fire Services Act refers to the last clause.

    Sign ... 2011 ... of the fourth second height of prosperity

    Major earthquake, massive tsunami はにより electric power supply and demand of March 11, 2011 was tight, and the attention for the entrance screen door of the summer increased in the Kanto area. It is thought that the concern for the nuclear power generation remains for a long term, but the consciousness of the prevention of global warming increases at the same time and is predicted from maker shipment number if I do not reduce it even if the trend of energy saving, the power saving that will be nationwide in future can become exalted.

    Because an energy source of the ventilation function of the entrance screen door is difference of atmospheric pressure inside and outside the homes, it is thought that there was the objective condition that the second heyday continues nationwide for the long-term future, but, for the spread of louver type entrance screen doors, there is a big limit in the supply side.

    I it with the condition to spread

    A production of louver-type entrance screen doors maker is the whole country, and I do not spread it, and several companies are all medium and small-sized businesses, and the nationwide construction system is not maintained. Therefore, I cannot adopt the technique of large-scale advertising by the mass media such as TV or the newspaper and the large-scale sale. However, it is the spread measures that technique of DIY is effective because installation work in itself of the entrance screen door is not very a serious thing, and it is not thought that a specialized craftsman is indispensable [an original study?] . I can estimate it if it can be completely equipped even with the warm follow system for the measuring if I possess it with measuring work, and even a design is made because actual work work in itself is not very a difficult thing when the spread greatly progresses.

    The recognition of the entrance screen door thinks that it is considerably high in the Kansai area, but there is each local climate condition, and the nationwide recognition is very still low, and the demand period is restrictive again in the summer from spring. In addition, it may be said that an installation craftsman is predominantly short nationwide in comparison with potential total demand because the permanent construction of the installation craftsman is difficult.

    Environmental contribution-related

    As for the spread, energy saving, power saving, CO2 reduction can show a there being a lot of effect other than the effect on the healthy aspect and energy saving side for house environment improvement of the individual individual treatment entrance screen door nationally as follows.

    1. Energy saving characteristics of material in itself
      Approximately 97% of materials of the louver-type entrance screen door are aluminum. The aluminum is said to be the lump of the electricity, but reproduction cost is low and can recycle it with low load cyclically so as to be said to be an honor student of the recycling at the same time.
    2. Energy saving characteristics of the function
      The climate condition varies according to each district, but the use of the air-conditioner is controlled when I see it under conditions of Kansai area, and the reduction of the electric bill of the annual about 1~1.5 ten thousand Japanese yen degree per the family garden realizes it.
      This numerical value becomes annual about 400 - 600kw/h by electric energy conversion per one and is about 200 - 300kgr by CO2 conversion a year.
      The house total number of houses of the all over Japan is approximately 50 million houses, and the door-built house / apartment complex is each 3000/2000 ten thousand door degree, but, as for the power saving quantity and CO2 reduction quantity mentioned above, it is each approximately 6,000,000,000-9,000,000,000 KW/h, approximately 3,000,000-4,500,000 tons when entrance screen door is installed in around 30%.

    It is around 1-0.6% of the quantity of overall total electricity demand in Japan, and this hits around 4-6% of 75 million tons of international pledged CO2 reduction target value in the Kyoto Protocol.

    It is the reason that the above is relatively high in the other side of the lower entrance screen door recognition, the contribution to society degree, and is big.

    Entrance screen door and Fire Services Act

    The related text of the Fire Services Act

    As for Article 8 2-4, "the prevention of the fire" catches the fire of the multi-tenant building of Shinjuku that occurred on September 1, 2001, and Fire Services Act Chapter 2 is a law established newly.

    The whole sentence of the text is as follows.

    The person who has entitlement to about the management of the thing establishing it by a government ordinance in a school, a hospital, a factory, business ground, performance ground, a department store, an inn, a restaurant, an underground shopping center, the fire prevention object of compound use fire prevention object and others,

    I manage it so that an article becoming the trouble of the refuge in a corridor, the stairs of the fire prevention object concerned, the refuge of refuge mouth and others about necessary facilities is left unattended or it is not retained abusively and beat it,

    防火戸についてその閉鎖の支障になる物件が放置され、又はみだりに存置されないように管理しなければならない。

    以上斜体の部分がこれにあたるが、前半は、例えば、狭い共用廊下部を塞ぐように玄関扉を開けたままにしておく、自転車などを放置するなど。後半は、マンションには、エレベーターホールの隣などに、非常用階段がよくあるが、ここについている防火扉と、各戸の玄関扉の管理を指している。

    関連条文の解釈
    • 管理について権原を有する者の概念
      • 第一に、上記太字の管理の実際と管理責任主体を明確化する必要がある。
        • マンションは、上記「その他の防火対象物で政令で定めるもの」の一つと解釈されているが、マンションも賃貸マンションと分譲マンションに二分できる。
          • 賃貸マンションの場合は、学校や病院等と同様、その所有者であるマンション全体のオーナーに一元的で直接的な管理義務がある。
          • 一方、分譲マンションに有っては、管理責任範囲が二分されており、共用部は管理組合、又その委託を受けた管理会社に管理権限と管理義務があり、専有部と、共用物であっても個人使用権がある箇所にあっては、マンションの区分所有者に一元的で直接的な管理権限と管理義務は個別に有る。
    • 上記条文にある、『放置』『みだりに存置』の概念
      • 消防庁職員も参加している「逐条解説消防法」によると、『放置』とは「ただ漫然と無管理のままで物が置かれている状態」であり、『みだりに存置』とは所有者ははっきりしているが放置に近い状態で置かれているとの意味である。
    • 消防法の対象
      • 消防法第二章／第8条2－4の主たる対象は、個人ではなくビルやマンション等の管理者であり、個別各部屋の所有者は副次的な対象である。対象としての玄関網戸の扱いは、以下の通り。
    1. 玄関網戸は通常共用部である廊下と居宅を遮断した玄関扉の部屋内の専有部に設置されているので、管理組合には管理権限もなく、当然管理義務は無く、その管理責任者は個人である。
    2. 玄関網戸は、玄関扉を開放した条件下で使用されるが、その所有者が明確であるから、玄関網戸が「放置」されていることは無く、且つ、玄関扉が無人の無管理状態、長時間で開放されたままである事は、通常ありえないので、玄関網戸が「みだりに存置」されていることも、通常ありえない。
    3. 仮に、無管理状態で、玄関扉が長時間開放されたままであっとしても、玄関網戸の設置と直接の関連はない。

    以上、集合住宅にあっては、鉄製の防火扉を取り付けねばならず、また、個々人は、これを、無人・無管理状態で長時間固定的に開放しない注意義務があるだけで、その際、玄関網戸をどのように取り扱うかの規定はどこにも無く、また、一般的な防犯意識さえあるなら、このような状態はありえ無い。ただし、玄関網戸の設置は、玄関扉の開放を前提としているから、そのことにより発生する、美観性や共用廊下部の使い勝手等により、管理組合規則で規制されることはあり得るといえるが、個人の生活上の自由権とも関連するため、その法的根拠の明確化は困難である。

    脚注

    1. ^ 日本各地の気温についての参考サイト
    2. ^ 住宅建築戸数の推移。国土交通省

    　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

    参考文献

    関連項目

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