Blasting charge
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I destroy the artificial structures such as a building or the ship using the explosive power of explosives and the blasting charge (leaf) crushes a mountain (rock) and point to the act whole to let the ground vibrate for a geological survey over a wide area, and am a legal term. In addition, it may be called it to grind stronger encouragement (including a menace element) to the person concerned to hasten the progression of things figuratively saying "I urge you on".
Act in itself called the blasting charge is the basically same as a blast, but the blast points at the "act whole to destroy an object" using explosives, and the point that is the words that the blasting charge including the military use limits the industrial use to a blast performed for the purpose of private enterprise industry and scientific study including building, engineering works business and the mining industry, and are used is different. In other words, a blasting charge is a blast to be performed in the non-military purposes that adapted to the explosives control method and the Occupational Safety and Health Act.
Table of contents
Method
When I make a blasting charge, as for the object performing a blasting charge, it is necessary to control scattering and vibration, the noise of the piece to the neighborhood as low as possible while destroying it surely. When buildings destroy a building in a city area in particular, (→ blast dismantling) gives neighboring inhabitants jitters by vibration and the noise, and damage may appear by the scattering of the piece. Therefore when I perform the blasting charge dismantling in the neighboring spot in a house and the city area, a building and the earth and sand collapse with quantity of minimum charge of gunpowder as possible inward and reduce the noise and vibration. In addition, I do not destroy the whole object by the direct shock wave and outbreak gas pressure by the blasting charge, and vibration and the noise are controlled with a weak point in the strength of the structure by a blasting charge if it prevents destroying it and from being supported self-respect, and self-respect collapses because the scattering of the piece to the neighborhood small and gradually collapses. Such a blasting charge method is called "a control blasting charge" and is used many at the digging spot or the dam construction site of the mine. "I completely blow off" an object (in this case a rock), and charge of gunpowder assumes an explosive it to an object not one in a witty hole and appears in "breaking it" using this explosive power. In such a purpose, I load one place with an explosive in large quantities, and "crushing than "I destroy it by pressure from one point" in the line which I bound together at a point and a point" is efficient. Therefore, it bores plural shot holes to be distributed over the whole targeted for destruction and reduces quantity of charge of gunpowder per one place, and I put the same time or time lag, and initiating does plural charge of gunpowder. Because I can regulate exact にずらすこによって, distribution of the further vibration reduction and crush waste (goaf) in a timing to perform initiating of plural charge of gunpowder, electricity detonators are used many for initiating.
In addition, an explosive has been used widely to produce a big crush power conventionally because convenience was good, but the device which produces big pressure from the technical progress of the construction machine, and puts a crack in a rock and concrete appears and the expanding agents called the static crush agent come to be used and come to be able to use even the field of chemistry properly depending on the situation.
Gunpowder and explosive
Generally, the meaning of the explosive is confused with gunpowder and is used, but I processed an explosive, gunpowder and an explosive into gunpowder, "the use of the destructive explosion with an offered thing" with "a thing offered in the use of the driving explosion" by the explosives control method and distinguish (detonator, 導爆線, fuse, fireworks, gun cannonball, bomb) from a pyrotechnic (I keep you).
As for the materials to use for a blasting charge, each is distinguished according to the explosives control method. An explosive is used for a destruction and crush objective blasting charge of the object exclusively, but low granular black powder of 爆力 is used to prevent excessive breaking by the building stones collection blasting charge to use for gravestone and building materials.
In addition, with gunpowder and the explosive, a difference is remarkable in a property and the speed of the combustion. I have a relatively stable property so that a reaction is hard to begin by a shock with the gunpowder, and an oxidation reaction called the combustion occurs like a chain reaction by adding heat above a certain level, but when I add the energy of the kind set with the explosive, a reaction begins, and a reaction comes to advance to the whole immediately. I give vent to the detonator which most, the thing which only burns calmly even if I light it in a naked light with a dynamite and the explosive of the ammonium nitrate system occupying the mainstream with the explosive for the industrial blasting charge, and does not shift to a detonation reaction inserted in an explosive and do initiating by the crash force. This neighborhood is qualitative difference between gunpowder and explosive, too.
Charge of gunpowder
I greatly distribute it, and there are two charge of gunpowder methods even if I make a blasting charge using an explosive.
- Internal charge of gunpowder
- A method that to pick a hole to an object, and charge of gunpowder is enough in the hole and does charge of gunpowder in the gap of a structure and the rock, and to do a blasting charge.
- The explosive in the object save it, and is hard to evade energy to occur by an explosion outside, and reach it efficiently.
- I am used for the splitting of the mountain, the crush of the rock, the blasting charge of the thing that it can bore it and a volume is big including the concrete part of a building, the engineering works structure.
- Outside charge of gunpowder
- A method it is difficult to drill a shot hole and to stick an explosive on the surface of the object when the volume of the destruction part is not big too much, and to do a blasting charge.
- I am used many for cutting and the reef blasting charge of the sinking ship because of incompressibility of the winning water having difficulty in perforation work underwater because an efficiency drop is relatively small.
- Only a part of the energy reaches the object only by sticking explosives during mind commonly, and having lighted it, and most escape. Therefore I destroy ように which I mold an explosive into a V-shape and an earthenware mortar form and I centralize energy in one place by Monroe / Neumann effect and "drill a hole" or "cut" by the energy that I concentrated on.
- The same technique is used with the military aspect as a molding bursting charge bullet.
- The thinly relatively thin internal charge of gunpowder such as the steel frame pillar of an iron bridge and the building is used for the blasting charge of the difficult thing.
These are not used quite separately and, in the different place of the same building, may use two charge of gunpowder methods at the same time. For example, because perforation is easy, the concrete part of the building does internal charge of gunpowder, and the steel frame part does outside charge of gunpowder (I stick a molding explosive on the steel frame surface) because perforation charge of gunpowder is difficult and I light it at the same time and may destroy it.
Allied item
Outside link
- Such blasting charge such blasting charge (the PDF pamphlet which compiled information and the history of the blasting charge example by the gunpowder industry society in Japan)
- About a blasting charge
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Blasting charge
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