As for the change of the player, it was not admitted unless the player who played from the first inning for reasons of the injury or the disease playing a game at first that baseball began in the 19th century was not in for a game there. The rule that could perform a substitution playing a game in 1891 after the period when the rule with the number of people restrictions such as one - two or the limit only such as the interval of the inning was applied by one game without a limit was established afterwards [1]. I became able to perform the substitution as one of the strategies of the supervision in baseball in this strategically.
The offense can change a batter with the reserve player who has not yet participated in a game at the time of ball dead anytime [2]. A relief of this time is called a pinch hitter. In addition, only for a designated hitter, I cannot send a pinch hitter until pitchers are changed, or the designated hitter concerned completes a turn at bat once [3]. In addition, the pitcher makes a batter an out more than one, or permit the first base arrival (or accomplish at least one at bats of play), or cannot change an inning until is finished [4]; collect it, and cannot start a pinch hitter when a pitcher stood in the turn at bat in the top of the first inning either.
The pinch hitter just succeeds the batting order, ball count, the position of the changed player and participates in a game sequentially. In addition, the player who took over from a pinch hitter retires from a game and cannot play the game afterward. But a batter, pinch hitter at that time is out to a relief pitcher, or reach the first base when pitchers are changed; lend it, and a blow completes it, or complete a blow to a pinch hitter for one [5] of liable to throw a ball until it is for offense and defense change; have no obligation. Therefore, the offense which saw this pitcher change can start a pinch hitter for the pinch hitter whom one pitch is not still cast when a pinch hitter is started for the batter whom there is, for example, and the defense who saw this changes a pitcher. However, it is not admitted that a defense changes the further pitcher for pitcher relief for the pinch hitter of the pinch hitter having been sent promptly.
Handling in the record
The batter in the point in time when a case, a turn at bat which a batter changed in the middle of a turn at bat (a pinch hitter was sent) were completed gains the record. But the batter who had the second strike stolen is accompanied by a strikeout when I have strike stolen, and the batter who participated as a pinch hitter after having had 2 strikes stolen as an exception strikes out. [6]
The situation that a pinch hitter is sent on
The type of the pinch hitter whom you should appoint varies according to the game situation. An out number, an advantageous score, the number of the innings, a pitcher become the determinant that left or right is important. It is necessary to think about who buries a hole of the defense after the present batter retreated before appointing a pinch hitter. In many cases, I appoint the right batter for the left hander in the left batters for the right hander. The team first-rate pinch hitter often keeps it for the game latter half [7].
Good opportunity of the game end game
The scene which got an opportunity that a game entered into the end game as a close battle, and the runner appeared, and to take tie score, reversal or decisive another point. The blow result in such a scene is high in a scoring position batting average to be connected directly with the victory or defeat of the team, and a batter trusted in a team is appointed. Defense includes a difficulty, and I retired from a regular by advanced age, but, as for the batting average, the player who is high (commented, "I do "・" work to give a result") will get on the bench as "the trump of the pinch hitter" in such a scene.
A player good at the bunt may participate as a pinch hitter for the purpose of a sacrifice bunt most in a team to let the runner advance surely by all means in the scene which one point wants. It is specialized in such a sacrifice bunt, and the player appearing to the pinch hitter may be called pinch Vantaa commonly. It is hard to be appointed for a purpose in the scene setting the strong squeeze play of the surprise attack-like property that I let the runner advance to pinch Vantaa on a bunt from a beginning. If a player good at the bunt appears to the pinch hitter in the scene where a squeeze is thought about, this is because it is sensed by a defense that ten to one a squeeze is performed.
Affinity of the dominant hand and the turn at bat
Because it is easy to see the source of the ball, it is said that the left batter is advantageous for the right batter, the right-handed pitcher for the left-handed pitcher. Using this, right and left of the turn at bat nominate a different player, and a pinch hitter to get the predominance about the dominant hand may be appointed. By the absolute team where a trump is not, a pinch hitter in consideration of this is sent in the good opportunity of the end game. In addition, I think, and the affinity with the pitcher may be appointed. After sending the left batter to a pinch hitter in the scene of the right hander, a partner may exchange a pitcher with the left and is the tactics that the "pinch hitter of the pinch hitter" to sometimes appoint the right batter as more is occasionally seen in.
Turn at bat of the pitcher
In the case of a game without the designated hitter system, it is hard to expect the hit in the turn at bat of the pitcher inferior to a fielder in blow power generally. Therefore a pinch hitter is often sent when a pitcher gets a turn at bat in the scene where I employed the runner after the game middle stage. This pinch hitter appointment considers the number of the throws of the pitcher and is judged, and a turn at bat has an important influence on the opportunity of the pitcher change.
I it for record continuation
I may be used for means to let consecutive participation records continue. Tomoaki Kanemoto continued a continuation participation record by the participation only for pinch hitters in the game that a designated hitter system was not usable during approximately three months until July 16 since consecutively full inning participation stopped by 1,492 games on April 18, 2010.
The continuation game participation record broke off by 1,766 games afterwards because I changed it without completing a turn at bat by the caught stealing of the runner although I participated as a pinch hitter in a war on the middle day of April 15, 2011 without taking the field afterwards.
Injury change
Because a batter was not able to play an injury with the own batted ball in the middle of a turn at bat, a pinch hitter may be sent.
Masahiro Kawai (famous example of pinch Vantaa that mentioned above)
Kozo Kawato (I am known as a pinch hitter specialty, and there are the many anecdotes that did not have a glove because I do not guard it because it is unnecessary.)
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