Air drop-type lifeboat
The air drop-type lifeboat (Airborne lifeboats) is a lifeboat with the power that was made to drop it from fixed-wing aircraft as means of the lifesaving activity on the surface of the water. This lifeboat was carried by the heavy bomber which was redecorated in particular to be equipped outside a plane, and it was thought to drop the ocean with a parachute near the survivor of the plane crew who did emergency ditching () particularly who drifted by an accident. The air drop-type lifeboat was used by Dumbo rescue duty () of the United States of America from 1943 through the mid-1950s with the U.K. during World War II [1].
Table of contents
Development
Technique of the aviation rescue using a flying boat and the floatplane was adopted in various countries to take up the plane crew and the ship crew who drifted on the sea before World War II [2]. They might have to call the crew back by training and an accident caused by the weather from the water, and these two kinds of seaplanes were used for this kind of duty depending on time. It was that a seaplane could not land on the water when the surface of the water was too much desolate in the limit of this technique. The most carried out by 1943 were methods to drop the emergency relief supplies including the inflater bulldog boat using the plane of standard specifications of R.A.F. on a survivor.
As for the air drop-type lifeboat, the distance that was much taller and stouter than a rubber boat was developed by the plane crew who ditched to provide high 艇 of surge characteristics with the 航走 navigation to be able to do-resistant. One of the reasons why this lifeboat was required a plane near the enemy sphere of influence ditching even if a survivor rowed it in a paddle by rubber boat when was left, was drained toward the bank by ebb and flow and wind, and was because, as a result, it was often a captive finally.
Lifeboat of the U.K.
Ufa Fox
The first air drop-type lifeboat was 32 feet (10m) of woodenness canoes type which Ufa Fox () designed in 1943 when it was thought to drop it from abRolland caster heavy bomber of the Royal Air Force to save the plane crew who landed on the water of English Channel [3]. The lifeboat was dropped from an altitude of 700 feet (210m), and sinking speed was held down with six parachutes before I landed on the water. Balance collecting was done to become nature and the Masaki state when I landed on the water upside down, and all air drops type lifeboat to be followed by was given this function.
As for the air drop-type lifeboat of Fox, as for 1,700 pounds in weight (770 kg), the power source, an engine of output 4HP (3kW) was supplemented with a mast and sail [4], and the doctrine indicating the method of the sailing was attached to the plane crew. This lifeboat was carried to Lockheed Hudson first in [4], the next in February, 1943 by ビッカースウォーウィック bomber. The lifeboat of Fox helped the glider air strategy soldier who had landed on the water by the Operation market garden like what rescued the plane crew who ditched.
Sanders low
Sanders low company of angle Sea Island completed a Mark 3 air drop type lifeboat attached to the body undersurface of the アブロシャクルトン ocean patrol aircraft in early 1953. Mark 3 was made of all aluminum and it was slowed down with a parachute of four 42 feet in diameter (13m) until sinking speed 20 feet (6m) / second when dropped from an altitude of 700 feet (210m) and landed on the water unlike Mark 1 having been made of wood. When a lifeboat was dropped, carbon dioxide with a compression container was released in autonomy Masaki chamber of bow and 艇尾. The parachute was separated when I landed on the water so that it blew, and it was gone away by wind and facilitated that drogue () (Sheean car) was opened and blunted the going foot of the lifeboat, and a survivor arrived at 艇. It was lighted one one side, two rockets in total so that the plane crew who ditched at the same time were easy to get in a lifeboat and moved the draft line of 艇. The door and the flat deck which were open from the outside to enter 艇内 were things for self drainage. The power source was equipped with fuel of enough quantity of 1,250 miles of flying ranges (2,010km) with HRD T5 engine made in Vincent motorcycle () company of output 15HP (11kW). Sail and a fishing gear were comprised with a tent, a cover to shut out sunlight and the spray of the wave. 31 feet in total length (9m), the Mark 3 lifeboat of 7 feet of overall width (2m) were equipped with water, food and a hazmat suit (protective suits), an inflatable pillow, sleeping bag, the emergency care kit that ten people could only spend 14 days. [5].
Lifeboat of America
Higgins
Andrew Higgins () inspected the lifeboat of Fox in the United States and felt that it was too weak to get over a crisis in an emergency strategy. Higgins assigned a company's engineer to produce a strong lifeboat than I was equipped with two engines [3]. The Higgins industry () company known as the production of landing boat (LCVP) and the PT boat produced weight 1½- ton (1,400 kg) to have a closedown-type compartment not to be depressed by a surge and overturn, air drop type A-1 lifeboat of 27 feet in total length (8m). This was thought about so that I was dropped from a remodeling machine of Boeing flying fortress premature start four Torres, and production preparations were set in early 1944 [6].
EDO
The Skywarrior lifeboat was the air drop-type lifeboat which EDO () company developed as succession of the A-1 lifeboat for an American air force (USAF) in 1947 [7]. This was made of aluminum alloy which was thought about to carry it in Boeing SB-29 supermarket Dumbo. The B-29 of several was used as a mother ship of the lifesaving activity until end of the Pacific War alternately, and 16 planes were redecorated into a transportation machine of the Skywarrior lifeboat in postwar period [7]. SB-29 was placed on duty until the mid-1950s [7]. A lifeboat made in approximately 100 EDO company was made, but there was few that I played an active part in the real rescue activity.
Source
- Footnote
- ^ Morison, 2007, p. xxvi.
- ^ Time, August 6, 1945. "World Battlefronts: Battle of the Seas: The Lovely Dumbos", page 1 and page 2. It is 2009 in 6 in Retrieved on September.
- ^ a b Strahan, 1998, p. 193.
- ^ a b RAF Davidstow Moor. It is The Airborne Lifeboat February 1943. It is 2009 in 11 in Retrieved on September.
- ^ Flight, 13 February 1953. "Service Aviation: New Airborne Lifeboat." Retrieved on 21 September 2009.
- ^ Strahan, 1998, pp. 208–209.
- ^ a b c National Museum of the US Air Force. Fact Sheets. It is 2009 in 6 in Boeing SB-29 Retrieved on September.
- References
- Hardwick, Jack; Ed Schnepf. The Making of the Great Aviation Films. General Aviation Series, Volume 2. Challenge Publications, 1989.
- Morison, Samuel Eliot. History of United States Naval Operations in World War II: The struggle for Guadalcanal, August 1942 – February 1943. University of Illinois Press, 2001. ISBN 0-252-06996-X
- Morison, Samuel Eliot. The Two-Ocean War: A Short History of the United States Navy in the Second World War. Naval Institute Press, 2007. ISBN 1-59114-524-4
- Strahan, Jerry E. Andrew Jackson Higgins and the Boats That Won World War II. LSU Press, 1998. ISBN 0-8071-2339-0
Allied item
Outside link
- "1944 photographic sequence of No. 269 Squadron RAF dropping the Fox lifeboat during an exercise". It archives it than an original as of September 6, 2012. September 6, 2012 reading.
- 2008 photograph of Uffa Fox airborne lifeboat
- Airborne Lifeboats - a 1945 Flight () article on the airborne lifeboat.
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