2016년 9월 2일 금요일

Shimotsuma Castle

Shimotsuma Castle

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Shimotsuma Castle
（Ibaraki）
Main enclosure trace
Main enclosure trace
Another name Tagaya Castle
Castle structure Heijo
The lord of a castle old Ujiie Tagaya
The construction of a castle year Kansho era two years (1461) or three years (1462)
The main lord of a castle Tagaya, Yorifusa Tokugawa
The abandoned castle year Keicho era 14 years (1610)
Remains of an ancient structure Fieldwork, moat
Designated cultural assets Tagaya Shiromoto-maru trace (Shimotsuma-shi designated historic spot)
Position

The castle where Hitachi country Seki county Shimotsuma Zhuang (current Shimotsuma-shi, Ibaraki) boiled the Shimotsuma Castle (しもつまじょう) of Japan. Because it was a castle of Tagaya, I call myself the Tagaya Castle (たがやじょう) and use this name generally in the hometown [1].

The castle was very large, and a domain of the former Makabe-gun Shimotsuma-cho was settled completely [2]. It is said that gay quarters, a moat, a fieldwork sign remained until the 1950s, but, after the city planning business that began in (1961) in 1961, slightly has only a trace left now in Tagaya castle trace park [2].

Table of contents

Summary

It was the simple structure of 2 enclosures which assumed east hall a main enclosure from both East-West halls at the mid-15th century when a castle was completed [3]. I was expanded and came to have tall and stout castle area for north and south 1.5km to the north direction with power expansion of Tagaya afterwards in the days of 重経 of Tagaya seven generations in a castle in (from the end of 16th century the early 17th century) [4]. Shimotsuma of this time was the western part of Hitachi country's greatest city and was Hitachi country's leading existence in the scale of a castle, the castle town and a full degree [4].

The site of castle becomes the Shimotsuma-shi designation remains, and カワラケ (unglazed earthenware) is excavated [5]. The place name remembered the trace of a castle and the castle town including Honjo, Arayashiki, Motoshuku, a high-class inn, the encampment remains near by, but of the remains of an ancient structure is lost residential land by progress of making it it [5]. Again to the west of the Shimotsuma-shi government office with the site of castle park [6]. The site of castle park is built in 1961 by city planning business from (1961) and becomes the citizen's oasis [7]. There is a monument erected (1890) in December in 1890 here and the career for 140 years is classical Chinese and is ticked away on the surface for Tagaya seven generations, and the full name of 264 descendants of 旧臣 which bore the erection expense of the monument on the back side is carved [8].

Structure of the castle

Because it was Heijo [9] and had the damp area to a marsh and a river (Kokai River, Kinugawa [10]), the south to the east and west, preparation for defense to the north had it stolen chiefly, and, according to "the Hitachi country Shimotsuma castle figure which an Akita Prefectural library possessed," fieldwork and a moat were surrounded seven folds with to the north [2]. It affects this that a territory of Yuki and Mizutani that not only merely north side did not have a natural wall, but also Tagaya fought against the north existed [11].

The castle was divided by a hall marsh (vertical marsh) by the east and west and employed Saijo in the west of the marsh in Honjo (main enclosure), Zhongcheng (the outworks of a castle), outermost outworks, north castle, south hall (princess gay quarters) on the east side of the marsh [12]. I arranged Onoko (place of residence of the Tagaya clan), thin air storehouse gay quarters for people [11]. The castle level was north and south 1,500m X east and west 900m [12]. I built plural fieldwork that I piled soil on the plateau (laying earth on the ground) and met the water which I pulled from the Daiho marsh in a canal around the fieldwork, and the main fieldwork bound it together at seven bridges [12]. , "mind this many 7, Gaya"; [12].

Structure of the castle town

Shimotsuma Shrine

The vassal of Tagaya who gave family names such as Iida, Ishizuka, Kataoka, Watanabe lived in Motoshuku, high-class inn, Imajuku (Shinjuku), Sakamoto of the castle broadening department [13]. Since Motoshuku is "hotel" (post town), the commerce and industry person (merchant, craftsman) lived, but there is a collection of house of the vassal corps, and it is thought that it functioned for of the castle [14]. It is not a thing peculiar to Shimotsuma Castle that distance between stages has the function of such a castle and is the characteristic castle town structure of the Kanto district for the age of civil strife to be seen in Yuki castle, Yamakawa castle, prawns ヶ island castle [14].

Subsection such as タカジョウマチ is seen in the north of the north castle, and it is thought that a craftsman lived [12]. The early castle town developed around Monzen-cho, Omachi (current Shimotsumaotsu, Shimotsuma-shi) of the Prince Susanoo (current Shimotsuma Shrine) in the north and Nishimachi of the east side and enlarged it from the three elements place to be located in the south of Omachi in the times of 重経 (さんどうち, current Shimotsumatei, Shimotsuma-shi) to Chinatown Area [4].

History

Construction of a castle and development of Shiroshita

According to "Tagaya family tree," Ujiie Tagaya (祥賀) starts construction of a castle in (1455) to Shimotsuma Zhuang in the Yasumasa first year and is called that it was completed in (1461) for Kansho era two years six years later [15]. Ujiie accompanies it as a vassal of Shigetomo Yuuki who received a command of Shigeru Ashikaga on the occasion of a revolt of the Kyotoku era; on Kyotoku era November 27, 3 (Julian calendar: on December 16, 1454) of the younger brother passed high, and was admitted by an achievement in Noritada Uesugi with (pass in the morning 祥英) by killing, Koga Shogun, Shigeuji Ashikaga, and got 33, Seki town including Shimotsuma Zhuang and the position of the daimyo [16]; [6]. Therefore, it was the thing that it acquired Shimotsuma Zhuang as a territory just after that that Ujiie began construction of a castle [15]. In addition, I built Daiho Hachiman shrine in commemoration of the completion of the castle and dedicated the sword called "the azure sky" that cut Noritada Uesugi [15]. In addition, there is the completion of the castle at the opinion to be (1462) for Kansho era three years [17] and adopts an opinion at "a castle of illustration Ibaraki" for Kansho era three years [18]. Shimotsuma and Koga were same Ibaraki both, but Hitachi country, Furukawa were Shimousa countries, and, in Shimotsuma at the time, Shimotsuma was important to Koga Shogun with Tagaya now when the rule by the Mr. Oda, Makabe, Shishido, master and others tradition-like samurai family let power intervene in the done Hitachi country [19].

Subsequently I received a life, 基泰 (家植, 祥潜) which became the Shimotsuma lord of a castle "made 忠" from Shigeuji Ashikaga in (1478) for civilization ten years and let the feudal lord of Shimotsuma Zhuang neighboring villages surrender including Miyauchi, Gyoda and Jorakuji certain person in succession from (1482) for civilization 14 years to pass high with Ujiie and enlarged a rule domain [20]. And I added to power before I put most and (a part of former Tsukuba-gun University ear town, Toyosato-cho) of current Shimotsuma-shi, Joso-shi, Yachiyo-machi, Yuki-gun in southern Chikusei-shi (the eastern part of former Sekijomachi, Makabe-gun) in western Tsukuba-shi under the control in (about 1520) at the time at the end of Eisho [20]. In addition, went ahead through the dedication of the sword to Daiho Hachiman shrine and erection and the revival of the Buddhist temple and Shinto shrine to the outside in the castle to hold the hearts of the people under possessing it and promoted Shimotsuma castle and maintenance, the expansion of the castle town as the political economical center of the territory [21].

Prosperity of lord of a castle, Tagaya

I passed through the light that succeeded 基泰, and (家重) let a domain spread more, and it was before I possessed the neighborhood to double of the territory of ex-lord, Yuki [22]. It was completely antagonism since passing had been in a relation of the cousin with present head of a household, 政朝 of Yuki, and light pushed forward a breakaway, independence from subordination to Yuki, and 政朝方 invaded the Tagaya territory in (1534) for astronomy three years [23]. I passed in morning of the next era and often repeated a fight with Yuki, Yamakawa in partnership with Oda politics of Oda for the の era, but I offered a peace conference and bound an alliance together with Yuki again because I beat it for a fight of (Julian calendar: in May, 1547) in astronomy May, 16, and politics died again in (1548) for astronomy 17 years, the following day [24]. Relations with Oda turned worse this time and invaded the Oda territory by having come through friendship (friendship) with Satake who was going to defeat Oda and in this way put Imakashima, Osagoya (おさごうや), Maeno (the Tsukuba city as of each) under the control [25].

Uesugi was accompanied though the politics and economics that inherited birthright because I passed in the morning and fell into が serious illness borrowed an army of Mr. back north article according to Mr. back north article at one time because Masakatsu Yuuki followed Ujiyasu Hojou at first and invaded and attacked in the territory of Ujiharu Oda when Kenshin Uesugi invaded the Kanto district and attacked Harutomo Yuuki with three people of Satake, Oda, Utsunomiya in (Julian calendar: in January, 1561) for New Year holidays for Eiroku era four years [26]. As a result, it was Yuki territory and recaptured Sekimoto (current Chikusei-shi Sekimoto) who was the important area on the course that linked Yuki to Shimotsuma and put Fucheng [27]. I schemed territory expansion in this way while I strengthened relations with Satake while fighting against Yuki, Oda both of them through will with Takeda [28]. The Tagaya territory became maximum, and, in the north, in Funyu, Chikusei-shi, the east, in the Chikusei-shi prawns ヶ island, the south, Ushiku-shi, the west possessed Yuda, Bando-shi in the times of the politics and economics when they wrote it down with the current place name [8].

End of Tagaya Era

Because the seventh 代重経 made 19 years old, and politics and economics died on (Julian calendar: on June 4, 1576) on Tensho era May 8, 4, I inherited birthright and let I flooded Toyota castle later though an attack flighted once, and Toyota who contacted with the south of the territory fall [29]. Meanwhile, I took possession of Seki hotel castle in (1574) for Tensho era two years, and Mr. back north article was approaching the Tagaya territory and developed the offense and defense that were intense in Yatabe castle [30]. On the other hand, I went to the world unification in the times, and 重経 sent a swift horse to Nobunaga Oda and I sent a letter to Hideyoshi Toyotomi and bound friendship together and I was desperate and was going to survive chaotic times [31]. When Hideyoshi carried out the Odawara conquest in (1590) for Tensho era 18 years, I did it and participated in an attack to Musashi country, 忍城 and was relieved in Tomoyuki of Shimotsuma 6 Mangoku three groups with Harutomo Yuuki, Katsutoshi Mizutani on (the Gregorian calendar: on August 30, 1590) on August 1, the same year [32]. Because a common view and a divergent view exist in a career of 重経 after this, I write both ideas together with it.

Common view

Although it was relieved, the territory is pronounced the thing as the police sergeant daimyo of Yuki on by Hideyoshi and lets 重経 which I expressed my disapproval of passes through it three of the eldest son, and を establishes a branch family, and Yuki follow it, and it is said that oneself invites Nobutaka of 4 men of Yoshishige Satake to an adopted child and served Satake [33]. Tagaya passed through three with Shimotsuma Tagaya (in Shimotsuma Castle a base) of the 重経 and others Satake group here and split into Ota Tagaya (in Ota Castle a base) of the ら Yuki group, and the vassal was divided into two, too [34]. I continued holding dissatisfaction in Hideyoshi and refused the taking the field to a position of Bunroku by the reason of a disease, and 重経 which protected the position of the daimyo while satisfying a life of Hideyoshi forfeited most of the feudal tenure in this way [18]. Furthermore, I shared an action with Yoshinobu Satake on the occasion of the Battle of Sekigahara of (1600) for Keicho era five years and was going to hit the east military from the rear, but the west forces felt defeat, responsibility and did confinement (ちっきょ) in (current Fuchu-shi, Tokyo) under Musashi Kokufu [18]. And confiscate Shimotsuma 6 Mangoku in (1601) for Keicho era six years and want to be made attainting [35]; [36]. And I moved to the Dewa country counting on Yoshinobu Satake [37].

Divergent view

It is a decision matter from the Odawara conquest past pass, and to be vested in が Yuki clothes Tagaya three, and this is my wife; thought to be the thing by the opposition of the Satake group Yuki group [34]. 重経 refused the taking the field to a position of Bunroku by the reason of a disease and was ordered destruction of the Shimotsuma Castle and the presentation of 1,000 pieces of Kaneko as punishment afterwards [38]. I handed over birthright to Nobutaka in (1598) for Keicho era three years, and 重経 became a priest [39]. When 重経 did not participate in the war by the reason of a disease in the Battle of Sekigahara either, and Shimotsuma Tagaya whom Nobutaka inherited in (1602) for Keicho era seven years moved to the Dewa Kunikubo field (current Akita-shi, Akita) with Satake, oneself left each place on a trip of the roam [40].

The post

Shimotsuma where the feudal lord disappeared becomes the Imperial demesne at one time, and (later Yorifusa Tokugawa) does 入封 in 5 Mangoku on (the Gregorian calendar: on October 24, 1606) on Keicho era September 23, 11 for 11 men, crane 1,000 generations of Ieyasu Tokugawa [41]; [42]. Because crane Chiyo became 移封, Mito feudal clan first generation feudal lord in 25, Mito Mangoku on (the Gregorian calendar: on January 16, 1610) on Keicho era December 22, 14, in Shimotsuma, it was again in an Imperial demesne [41].

(the Gregorian calendar: on March 4, 1611), farmer nine of Shimotsuma including the person thought to be 旧臣 of Tagaya accused the illegitimacy of the person called the Kichie gate at a prefect on 20th for New Year holidays for Keicho era 16 years and appeared [41]. The Kichie gate carried a weapon (bow, spear, gun) or an old ship timber, wood, a tatami mat left in a castle to own location and entered and, according to the suit, destroyed it from the house of the retired person (Shigetsune Tagaya) to the house of the samurai of the castle circumference, the house of chief administrator a large number of people where I lived in until last year [10]. The Shimotsuma Castle went to ruin at this point in time so as not to keep a feature and has already become a thing of the past in the times of Tagaya who was full of prosperity [43].

(1615), Tadamasa Matsudaira entered Shimotsuma in the Genna first year, and Sadatsuna Matsudaira became Shimotsuma feudal lord successively, but it was a change seal in (1619) for Genna five years and came back to the Imperial demesne, but the encampment for Inoue 14 generations was put in Shimotsuma until the late Tokugawa period since Masanaga Inoue took a feudal lord in 1 Mangoku in (1712) for Masanori two years [44]. The Shimotsuma encampment of Inoue is put in the west of the hall marsh [12] and is a place unlike the Shimotsuma Castle.

Each generation lord of a castle

  • The first generation: Ujiie Tagaya
  • Two generations: I pass through Tagaya High School
  • Three generations: 多賀谷基泰
  • Four generations: I pass through Tagaya light
  • Five generations: I pass in the Tagaya dynasty
  • Six generations: Masatsune Tagaya
  • Seven generations: Shigetsune Tagaya
  • Eight generations: To the Nobutaka Tagaya (⇒ Dewa country)
  • Nine generations: To Yorifusa Tokugawa (⇒ Mito)

Remains of an ancient structure

Tagaya Castle trace park

The site of castle in Motoshirocho, Shimotsuma-shi, Ibaraki [5]. Tagaya Castle trace park is to the east to approximately 1km from Kanto Railway Joso Line Shimotsuma Station, and a monument is built [9]. A moat and a fieldwork sign are slightly recognized for remains of an ancient structure [9].

Footnote

  1. ^ Ibaraki castle meeting for the study (2006): Page 174
  2. ^ a b c Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 389
  3. ^ Ibaraki castle meeting for the study (2006): Page 171
  4. ^ a b c place others (1995): Page 138
  5. ^ a b c Shimotsuma-shi oldness and museum (2002): Page 18
  6. ^ a b いばらきの river travelogue editing Committee (2005): Page 175
  7. ^ Ibaraki local history meeting for the study (1989): Page 265
  8. ^ a b Ibaraki local history meeting for the study (1989): Page 266
  9. Sightseeing in ^ a b c humanities company and trip editorial department (1985): Page 112
  10. ^ a b "Tsunogawa Japan place name Dictionary" editing Committee (1983): Page 515
  11. ^ a b Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 391
  12. ^ a b c d e f Heibonsha Publishers Ltd. (1982): Page 543
  13. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 390-391 pages
  14. ^ a b Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 390
  15. ^ a b c Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 372
  16. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 363
  17. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 486
  18. ^ a b c Ibaraki castle meeting for the study (2006): Page 173
  19. ^ Hasegawa others (1997): 81-82 pages
  20. ^ a b Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 373
  21. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 374
  22. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 377
  23. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 377-378 pages
  24. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 379-380 pages
  25. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 380
  26. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 381-382 pages
  27. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 396
  28. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 383
  29. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 412-414 pages
  30. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 415-416 pages
  31. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 419-420 pages
  32. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 429-433 pages
  33. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 433-435 pages
  34. ^ a b Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 435
  35. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 442-443 pages
  36. ^ Hasegawa others (1997): Page 128
  37. ^ works (1997): Page 122
  38. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 436-437 pages
  39. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 437-438 pages
  40. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): 443-444 pages
  41. ^ a b c Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 444
  42. ^ Hasegawa others (1997): Page 130
  43. ^ Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee (1993): Page 445
  44. Sightseeing in ^ humanities company and trip editorial department (1985): Page 113

References

  • On Ibaraki castle meeting for the study "castle Japanese book publication society of illustration Ibaraki", October 20, 2006, it is 291pp. ISBN 4-336-04771-5
  • On Ibaraki local history meeting for the study Yoshihiko Seya, Yoshio Sakuma supervision "talking about the historic spot of Ibaraki", Ibaraki newspaper publisher, December 30, 1989, it is 317pp.
  • In いばらきの river travelogue editing Committee "いばらきの river travelogue" いばらきの river travelogue editing Committee, February, 2005, it is 201pp.
  • On "Tsunogawa Japan place name Dictionary" editing Committee "Tsunogawa Japan place name Dictionary 8 Ibaraki" Kadokawa Shoten, December 8, 1983, it is 1617pp.
  • On Shimotsuma-shi history editing Committee "Shimotsuma-shi history" Shimotsuma City Hall, March 31, 1993, it is 494pp.
  • It is 53pp. mainly on "the excavation result of remains - late years of Shimotsuma-shi hometown Museum the 14th plan exhibition Shimotsuma on ..." Shimotsuma-shi oldness and Museum, July 20, 2002
  • Sightseeing in humanities company and trip editorial department "Ibaraki native district document encyclopedia sightseeing and series 8 according to the trip prefecture, humanities company, April 1, 1985 (revision new publication), 199pp.
  • On history 8 of Rikio Tokoro, Yoshio Sakuma, Yoshihiko Amino, Ginnya Sasaki edition "history illustration Japan of illustration Ibaraki", river person bookshop new company, November 15, 1995, it is 238pp. ISBN 4-309-61108-7
  • On Shinzo Hasegawa, Shigeo Itoga, Masaharu Imai, 秋山髙志, 佐々木寬二 "history prefectural history 8 of Ibaraki", Yamakawa publishing company, June 5, 1997, it is 340pp. ISBN 4-634-32080-0
  • On works "cultural heritage native district document encyclopedia - 8 Ibaraki Zenrin with the oldness", March 20, 1997, it is 207pp.
  • On "place name Japan history place name outline Vol. 8 of Ibaraki", Heibonsha Publishers Ltd., November 4, 1982, it is 977pp.

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