2016년 6월 22일 수요일

The third general election (the Republic of Korea)

The third general election (the Republic of Korea)

The third total choice
Seoul Metropolitan Council1.JPG
A building (existing Seoul Special City assembly Government building) which was built as citizen of Keijo prefecture building for the colony rule era, and was used as old Diet building Government building until 1975.
Various notation
The Hangul Alphabet： 제 3대총선
Kanji： 第三代總選
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The third general election (the third だいそうせんきょ) is the election that was performed to elect a member of the Republic of Korea Diet in the first republic era carried out on May 20, 1954. In addition, it counts it as "第 ○ charges" in Korea not "第 ○ time", and it is common to call the name "total choice" (총선) not "general election" (총선거).

Table of contents

Summary

Syngman Rhee elected the President through extract revision of the Constitution of July, 1952 abolished three selections of constitutional prohibitive regulations and schemed to become a Life President. Therefore the power of money and large-scale rigged election using the violence were performed because it became the greatest problem of the aide of President plum and him to secure the number of the seats which could perform a constitutional amendment to abolish three selections of prohibitive regulations in this general election in ruling party alone in the Diet. In election of Naoko, Liberal Party and democracy Kuomintang introduced 公薦制 of the candidate by the party center, but it was "the pretense" of the candidate till then and made the relations of a candidate and the party clear and aimed at an effect to raise the election possibility of the candidate of one's own party by narrowing down a candidate in 公薦過程.

Rigged election with the ruling party

The Liberal Party which was the ruling party gave large-scale rigged election to secure the number of two-thirds seats which a constitutional amendment to abolish three selections of prohibitive regulations could play. I scraped up a large amount of campaign cash, and not only I bribed a qualified voter, but also I hired interference [1], a gang and attacked the speech meeting of the opposition party, and the number list that was necessary for the vote of the opposition supporter non-issued the registration of the opposition candidate, and large-scale injustice such as a ghost vote [2], a substitution vote, the prior bunch vote injection [3] for the identification candidate (the ruling party), the exchange of a ballot box and the vote in the ballot box transportation middle appeared one after another, and, as for 25 suit of election invalidity and the election invalidity submitted after a general election, [4] was submitted, too. In addition, it was open that the promotion to police executive, the promotion to an inspection detective were made a definite promise of when I was elected and was performed while the obstruction of voting of the government official was remarkable, and the chief constable and the inspection chief of a subsection were demoted when Liberal Party candidate lost [4].

Basic data

  • The President: I added a wide margin to 曺奉岩 (independent) in a presidential election of Syngman Rhee (the Liberal Party) - August, 1952 and was elected.
  • The number of the reelection seats: 203 seats
  • The member of the Diet term of office: Four years
  • Election system: Complete single-member electorate system
  • The election number of people: 8,446,509 people
  • The number of the candidates: 1,207 [5]

Election results

An election day: May 20, 1952

  • A turnout: 91.1%
A total turnout: 7,698,390 people
The effective vote total number: 7,492,308 votes
A seat and vote according to the third general election political party
Political party The number of the seats Share The number of votes Vote rate
(%)
Liberal Party 자유당 114[6] 56.2 2,756,081 36.8
Independent 무소속 67 33.0 3,591,597 47.9
Democracy Kuomintang 민주국민당 15 7.4 593,499 7.9
Nation society 국민회 3 1.5 192,109 2.6
Large Korea Kuomintang 대한국민당 3 1.5 72,925 1.0
Others 1[7] 286,097 3.8
The total 203 7,492,308
  • I made it in reference to 金浩鎮 "study 李健雨訳 of the politics in Korea", 31 Publishing, 236 pages of "<table 8-2> third .4s Diet member general election".
  • The number of votes is quoted by "the each generation election information system" of the Korean Central Election Commission

An independent elected candidate occupied the majority in the election last time, but the ruling party, the Liberal Party exceeded the majority this time, and it was in the first party, and it followed that the independent elected candidate was almost reduced to half. On the other hand, democracy Kuomintang which descended from the Korean Democratic Party remained in 15 seats and was defeated.

Although the Liberal Party won the seat more than the majority, the seat share remained in 56.2% and did not reach two-thirds (136 seats) that I aimed for. Therefore I developed intense majority maneuvering, and the Liberal Party let 34 independent elected candidates join the party and secured 133 seats at the time of the Diet opening of a Diet session of June 9 [8].

Footnote

  1. ^ was a presidential election of August, 1952 concretely, and 曺奉岩 at odds with Syngman Rhee was robbed of documents necessary for the candidacy who it was, and it was not possible even for the candidacy. In addition, 呉緯泳 came to cannot but decline the candidacy.
  2. It took effect with a ballot as if I already existed in the person who died and the people who did not really exist, and a person concerned with Liberal Party voted using this illegally ^.
  3. I obtain a large quantity of ballots before a vote using the means such as ^ theft and the purchase, the threat and point to what I fill out an authorized candidate collectively and put in a ballot box.
  4. Than written by ^ a b Keitetsu In "Korean political - 1945-1986 - leader company after the division", 143 pages of descriptions.
  5. ^ 中央選擧管理委員會 "大韓民國選擧史" (1964), table 1 "政黨, 團體別立候補 狀 況" according to 404 pages. In addition, I become 1,186 people in "each generation election information system", but it is thought that probably it is the number except registration invalidity or the candidacy decliner.
  6. It is the number of the seats including ^ 非公薦當選者 15 (405 pages of "政黨, 團體別當選 狀 況" commentaries of 中央選擧管理委員會 "大韓民國選擧史" (1964)).
  7. 1 ^ or other seats establishing the constitution assembly comrade society (제헌국회의원동지회).
  8. Other than the ^ Liberal Party, it is name of an era in the Republic of China party 15 seat, independent comrade society 31 seat, an independent 24 seat.

References

Allied item

Outside link

  • I can read the number of the qualified voters and the candidate of the each generation election information system (Korean) of the Korean Central Election Commission, the government carried out in Korea in the past and the local election, voting and counting the ballots result.
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