Raleigh (North Carolina)

The city where Raleigh (Raleigh [ˈrɑːli]) is located in the United States of America North Carolina central part. It is the state capital of the state and is the county seat of the wake county. In addition, in the north, the south is known as one of cities along the descending line of waterfalls affecting the east relationship of the Piedmont plateau to Alabama from New Jersey. The population rises approximately 46% with 403,892 people (2010 national census) [¹] in comparison with a national census of 2000, and it is in a city of the state second next to Charlotte. The most of Raleigh city limits belong in a wake county, and a copy hangs over the Durham county of the west side [²]. The municipalities which became some satellite cities jostle in the suburbs of Raleigh including large satellite city Cayley that development to be next to the west is remarkable.

Raleigh developed as metropolis of the urban area called the Research Triangle with Durham and Chapel Hill of the neighborhood. The name of the Research Triangle comes from the Research Triangle park installed in this area in 1959. In addition, the name called this "triangle" comes from three universities of North Carolina State University of Raleigh, duke University of Durham and the North Carolina University of Chapel Hill. The Research Triangle names the name of these 3 cities formally and says Raleigh Durham Chapel Hill wide area urban area. With two of Raleigh urban area and the Durham Chapel Hill urban area, this wide area urban area extending over 11 counties has a population of 1,912,729. In addition, have a population of 1,130,490 only in Raleigh urban area occupying 3 counties of those (each 2010 national census); [¹].

In addition, I am called "town (City of Oaks) of the oak" because a lot of trees of oak stand in Raleigh.

In addition, the city name is transcribed in Japanese with "Raleigh", but "Larry" is near by the local pronunciation. In this item, I use notation called "Raleigh" according to conventional notation in Japanese.

History

The foundation period

The petition which Joel lane submitted to the North Carolina state legislature in December, 1770 was accepted, and a wake county was founded by this ground. The wake county area was formed by reorganization with a part being taken each from Cumberland, an orange, each county of Johnston. The county name was acquired from wife of governor William Tyrone at the time, marguerite wake Tyrone. The first county agency was put in bloom Valley.

Early stage of Raleigh city area. The street is sectioned like a grid orderly. (in the figure 1872)

It was about 1788 18 years later that Raleigh was chosen in the state capital. It was 1792 formally that I was founded as the state capital where Raleigh was new and new county seat of the wake county. The city name was acquired from Walter Raleigh that built the first English colony in Roanoke Island. It is thought that there has been it within 10 miles (approximately 16km) in one of the reasons why a city was built by this ground from bar where state legislators gathered well, Isaac hunters タバン. This ground did not have the founded city or town anymore. Raleigh is one of the cities that were built as a state capital from the beginning of a little foundation in the United States. The first city boundary was formed by just what to run in the east, the west, the south, the north of the downtown. The street in the city was sectioned like a grid, and four parks and one center open space were established [³]. In December, 1794, North Carolina state legislature was held for the first time in Raleigh. Raleigh became the official city, and the municipal assembly consisting of seven members of the Diet and the police Commissioner were employed. The police Commissioner was placed under the management of the mayor in 1799, and the municipal assembly came to be picked from the city after 1803. In 1799, the North Carolina Minerva and Raleigh advertiser (N.C. Minerva and Raleigh Advertiser) paper which became the first newspaper in Raleigh was published [⁴].

When the 19th century began, maintenance of the infrastructure of the slightly late thing was pushed forward. Water and sewage were pulled in 1818, and the firefighting team by the volunteer was formed in 1819. The firefighting station of the duty was set up all day in 1821. Two railroads of Wilmington and Raleigh railroad and the Raleigh and Gaston railroad were inaugurated in 1840.

In addition, I was destroyed by fire in 1831, and the capitol where the rebuilding originated in 1833 was completed in these 1840 years two years later. The Government building where I stayed was rebuilt to this age now. In 1853, the first state fair was held in the suburbs of Raleigh. In 1858, peace Women's College to become the first higher education system in Raleigh was established.

The Civil War and racial barrier

Leonard medical center, 1899

When the Civil War went to war, the governor zebu Ron bird advance commanded it to set up a defensive wall to high heart around a city for the purpose of the protection from an attack of the Federal army. While William shaman of the Federal army developed calorina area strategy, Raleigh was occupied by a soldier of the Federal army which was under the command of Judson Kilpatrick. When grayback escaped to the west, the Federal army chased it and became the battle in suburban Morris Building [⁵]. A city was not greatly damaged during the Civil War, but a postwar pocketbook issue and the influence of the recon traction were combined, too and hardly grew up for the next dozens of years.

When the Civil War terminated in 1865, an African citizen was given an opportunity of the education, and a boy was given the franchise, too. By help of the liberation black station, many freedmen put it from the country into Raleigh. In 1865, the southern first black University, show university did open studies. The beginning of open studies was Men's College, but I shifted to coeducation before long, and S. T. hall was built in the show university as the school building which educated the African girl student who came to try it for the first time in the United States. In addition, the Leonard medical center which became first among the United States for four years system medical school for African students in the show university was established. Open studies assumed cent オーガスティンズ University it as the higher education system where Anglican Church accepted a freedman in 1867. Furthermore, in 1869, the state legislature approved that I installed a United States's first African blind person, deafness person school in Raleigh.

However, a racial barrier was not completely taken away. In 1900, the state legislature let you approve new state constitution plan. A right to vote was deprived the white of most blacks and many poors of by this state constitution. The vote of black became 0 in 1908. Most of African citizens got a right to vote again, and it became a jury in a trial, and then it was back, after 1965 considerably that I came to be able to engage as a local public service worker. The Clarence E rye toner was elected a member of a municipal assembly in 1967 and took office as the mayor for the next 1,973 years and became the African mayor that it was the first among Raleigh City in history.

Modernization


The Fayetteville street - left: The 1910s / right: 2006

The Raleigh's first airport, the Curtiss light airport opened in 1929. However, this airport was small in a city area, and it was unsuitable for a commercial flight. The regional economy including [⁶] that six banks were closed in Raleigh by the world financial crisis started from stock prices sudden fall in the New York Stock Exchange on October 24 of the same age faced difficulty. The government of every hierarchy including a municipal administration prefecture and the state government dealt with creation of the employment under this situation in solidarity in the 1930s. In addition, the Raleigh municipal administration prefecture provided a recreation program and educational program and created the employment by a public works project. Raleigh memory lecture hall (existing progressive rock energy performance art center) was opened in 1932. North Carolina symphony orchestra was founded in the same year. The private resources preservation station of the federation built Ann's Ted State Park under the new dealism from 1934 through 1937. The North Carolina state legislature approved that I built the airport where the scale was bigger which became the substitute of the Curtiss light airport between Raleigh and Durham. As a result, Raleigh Durham International Airport opened in 1943.

When Research Triangle park was established between 3 city areas of Raleigh Durham Chapel Hill in order to invite a high-tech industry in 1959, Raleigh began rapid growth. The population that was approximately 65,000 people in 1950 increased rapidly to approximately 120,000 in approximately 90,000, 1970 in 1960 [⁷]. However, a loser has rather invited the decline to the plan for the purpose of the activation of the downtown when Fayetteville street lacing braid was made in 1977, and the Fayetteville street which was the main street of the city was changed to the way for exclusive use of the walker. In 2007, the traffic of the car in the Fayetteville street was admitted again [⁸]. In 2008, the Fayetteville street was appointed on the historic spot of the country.

When the 1990s began, Skyline of Raleigh came to increase a high-rise building. In 1991, the first union Capital Center and two high-rise buildings of the toe Hannover plaza were completed [⁹]. In the 2000s, these increased a 34-story RBC bank tower.

Geography

Snowy Raleigh city, 2007

Raleigh is located at 35°49'8" N 78°38'41" W. According to United States of America Statistics Bureau, Raleigh City is total area 299.3km² (115.6mi²). 296.8km² (114.6mi²) of those is land, and 2.5km² (1.0mi²) is area of the sea. 0.84% of total areas become the area of the sea.

Raleigh is located in central part of North Carolina, Piedmont plateau and the border of Atlantic coast plains and is known as one of cities along the descending line of waterfalls that the east border of the Piedmont plateau is dotted with. The mean altitude of the city is 96m, but the east side becomes the coastal plain whereas a gentle hill ranges on the west Piedmont plateau side, and there is a difference to the altitude.

The great of Appalachian Mountains is moo approximately four hours by car again to the west to the key mountainous district to the east from Raleigh to Atlantic coast for approximately three hours. The city is located to 230km from 373km, Charlotte to the northeast from 233km, Washington D.C. to the south from Richmond to the south.

Climate

The four seasons become clear, and the climate of Raleigh is characterized in spring, the autumn that it is easy to almost spend in hot summer and chilly winter. Summer Japan and China are often beyond 30 degrees centigrade, but when it is night, I fall down to around 20 degrees centigrade, and it is rare that it is at a tropical night. Winter Japan and China go up to approximately 10 degrees centigrade, but I fall down to around 0 degrees centigrade when it becomes at night, and it is not unusual to fall down below the freezing point. The precipitation almost increases with uniformity a little in summer through one year and decreases a little in spring, autumn. As for the annual precipitation, approximately 1,060mm, snowfall are approximately 17.8cm [¹⁰]. I belong to a warm dampness climate (Cfa) in the division into climatic zones of Koeppen.

Climate [¹⁰] **of Raleigh**
	January	February	March	April	May	June	July	August	September	October	November	December	Year
Mean temperature (℃)	4.4	6.1	10.0	15.6	19.4	23.9	26.1	25.0	21.7	15.6	10.6	6.1	15.6
Precipitation (mm)	88.9	88.9	94.0	71.1	96.5	91.4	111.8	111.8	78.7	76.2	73.7	78.7	1,061.7

City general view

Sir Walter Raleigh hotel of the downtown

When Raleigh greatly separates you, I am divided into seven districts. The center of the city, the inside of beltway I-440 are called downtown or old Raleigh. Other than the central engine of a state government, the municipal administration prefecture including the North Carolina capitol, I concentrate the culture facilities downtown. In addition, it is the history district of the city which it is dotted with the historic buildings such as Sir Walter Raleigh hotels built in the 1920s, and the Fayetteville street which is appointed on the historic spot of the country goes along.

The east side of I-440 is called yeast Raleigh. On the other hand, North Carolina State University sets up the campus in the district called Western waist Raleigh of the city, and North Carolina art museum is built again. Cayley is next to the west of the waist Raleigh district.

North Raleigh is a new residential area accomplishing development rapidly. During downtown and this north Raleigh, the district of some north sides of I-440 is called midtown Raleigh. North Raleigh and midtown Raleigh are dotted with some shopping malls of the large-scale suburbs model, too.

The south side of the city, the district along National highway No. 401 Route .70 are called south Raleigh. East side, Southwest Raleigh are the districts that were rich in variety from the poor inner city to the suburbs-shaped Xinxing development place in the district where a lot of African inhabitants live in after the end of the war of the Civil War.

Political

North Carolina capitol

An engine becoming the center of the North Carolina state government concentrates on downtown of Raleigh that is a state capital. A governor room is put in the North Carolina capitol built in the center of the downtown. In this Government building completed in 1840, the whole state government was put at first, but a deputy-governor room moves again North Carolina state legislature the North Carolina Supreme Court in 1969 in 1963 in 1940, and only a governor room remains in the capitol. The North Carolina state legislature establishes an assembly hall in the North Carolina legislature located to 1 block north of the capitol.

Raleigh adopts a city manager system after 1947. Until, under this system, there is the enforcement, the supervision of the policy of the city in the responsibility range of the city manager, and the mayor opens; called the head of the municipal assembly place it. The Raleigh municipal assembly consists of the mayor and seven members of a city council. The term of office is two years with the mayor, the member of a city council. At first by one is picked from each electoral district where the member of the Diet divided a city into five each, and they remain, and two are picked in wild cards.

Economic

The Research Triangle park headquarters

The fields of industry that Raleigh lays emphasis on in particular include information technology, communications equipment, computer / video game, high medical care, biotechnology and a textile [¹¹]. This area developed as a center of the research and development of the high-tech industry since Research Triangle park was established between Raleigh, Durham, 3 city areas of Chapel Hill in 1959. Lenovo establishes the head office in the Morris Building of the north autumn field to Cayley of the autumn field a red hat SAS Institute in Raleigh, and IBM, cisco systems, Nortel net works, NetApp put an important base in the Research Triangle area, too [¹²]. In addition, it is the industry that is important to not only the computer technology of the business use but also the TV game video game in Raleigh. More than 30 game-related companies are located in Raleigh and the outskirts and employ 1,000 or more [¹³].

The existence of the Research Triangle park leads to not only information technology, communications equipment, the computer industry but also high medical care and biotechnological development [¹⁴]; [¹⁵]. In addition, a bioindustry training, education center (Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center, BTEC) is installed in the センティニアル campus of North Carolina State University, and education to bring up a person of research and development to be engaged in biotechnology and medicine manufacture trains you [¹⁶]; [¹⁷]. In addition, the Faculty of Textile Science and Technology is put in the センティニアル campus, too and supports the development of the textile of the North Carolina tradition [¹⁸]. The textiles produced in the ground of Raleigh are used in the medical article and auto industry, aerospace [¹⁹].

Traffic

American airmail from London Gatwick Airport which landed at Raleigh Durham International Airport

An airport becoming the doorway of the Research Triangle area including Raleigh is northwest approximately 20km, Raleigh and Raleigh Durham International Airport of the inner-city located between Durham (IATA: RDU). The direct flight from 36 domestic and foreign cities goes into service at the airport [²⁰]; the number of the annual users more than 10 million [²¹]. American Airlines in particular evaluated Raleigh Durham in one of the important base Airport and let a direct flight go into service between London Gatwick Airport in 1994 and let a flight from Heathrow Airport upgrade it in 2008. In addition, I let a navigation service go into service between Raleigh Durham and Cancun in a season, and Delta Air Lines plans that I let a direct flight from Charles De Gaulle International Airport of Paris go into service in 2010 [²²].

Expressway I-40 between states goes along the south side of the city. It is a high road of the importance to bind Wilmington of アシュビル of Appalachia mountains, Greensboro, Raleigh on the Piedmont plateau and Atlantic coast together even if I put I-40 in North Carolina by a main line crossing the continent. I-440 which is a branch line of I-40 is a beltway built for the purpose of the congestion reducing of the major road of the city from 1970s through 1980s. I-440 makes a double belt line of Raleigh afterwards with belt line I-540 where half of the north sides were inaugurated from 2005 through 2007.

Raleigh Station of Amtrak is in 320 according to waist カバルス. ローリー駅にはニューヨークとマイアミをローリー経由で結ぶ夜行長距離列車シルバー・スター号が1日1往復[²³]、ニューヨークとシャーロットとを結ぶ昼行長距離列車カロライニアン号が1日1往復停車する。また、ローリーとシャーロットを1日2往復運行している昼行中距離列車ピードモント号の東の起点となっている[²⁴]。これらの列車を全てあわせると、ローリーからシャーロット方面へは1日3便（カロライニアン号が1便とピードモント号が2便）、ニューヨーク方面へは1日2便（カロライニアン号とシルバー・スター号が1便ずつ）、フロリダ方面へは1日1便走っていることになる。

ローリー市内の公共交通は州都地域交通（CAT）の運営する路線バス網によってカバーされている。CATは38系統の路線を運行している。このほか、ローリーとダーラム、チャペルヒル、ケーリーを結ぶバス、市内とローリー・ダーラム国際空港を結ぶバス、市内とリサーチ・トライアングル・パークを結ぶバスなどは、より広域をカバーする交通局であるトライアングル交通局（TTA）が運行している。

教育

North Carolina State University

ノースカロライナ州立大学はダウンタウンの西にメインキャンパス、メインキャンパスの約1.6km南にセンティニアル・キャンパス、約4km西にウェスト・キャンパスと、3つのキャンパスを構えている。1887年に開校したノースカロライナ農工大学を前身とするこの州立大学は、ダーラムのデューク大学、チャペルヒルのノースカロライナ大学と共にリサーチ･トライアングル地域を代表する大学である。同学は1932年にノースカロライナ大学システムに加わり、1963年に現在の校名に改められた。同学はリサーチ・トライアングル地域最大の大学で、学部生約23,700人、大学院生約7,400人を抱えている。同学は農工大学からの伝統の農学部および工学部に加えて、デザインや繊維学の分野で高い評価を受けている。また同学のスポーツチーム、ウルフパックはノースカロライナ大学のターヒールズやデューク大学のブルーデビルズ同様、アトランティック・コースト・カンファレンスに所属している。

ノースカロライナ州立大学に加えて、ローリーには4校の私立大学がキャンパスを構えている。メレディス女子大学は1891年創立のバプテスト系リベラルアーツ・カレッジで、女子学生のみ約2,000名を抱えている。同学のキャンパスはノースカロライナ州立大学のメインキャンパスの北西に立地している。ピース女子大学は約700名の学生を抱える長老派教会系のリベラルアーツ・カレッジで、その創立は1857年と、ローリーでは最も長い歴史を有する。ショー大学と聖公会系のセントオーガスティン大学は、Historically Black Collegeと呼ばれる、アフリカ系の学生に高等教育の機会を与えるために設立された大学である。ショー大学には約2,700名、セントオーガスティン大学には約1,700人の学生が在学している。

ローリーのK-12課程はウェイク郡公立学校システムの下で運営されている公立学校によって支えられている。もともとはローリー市とウェイク郡は別個に公立学区を有していたが、1976年に合併してウェイク郡公立学校システムとなった。同学区はノースカロライナ州最大、全米でも19番目の規模を有する公立学区である。この公立学校とは別個に、ローリーでは初等教育9校、高校3校のチャーター・スクールが州の認可の下に運営されている。このほか、ローリー市内には各教派の教会が設立した学校などの私立学校が25校ある。

文化

芸術と文化施設

上: North Carolina art museum
下: プログレス・エナジー演技芸術センター

ノースカロライナ美術館はダウンタウンの北西、ノースカロライナ・ステート・フェア会場やノースカロライナ州立大学ウェスト・キャンパスの近くに立地している。同館は古代美術から近代美術まで、またアメリカ美術のみならずヨーロッパ美術やアフリカ美術まで、幅広い作品を展示している。これらの展示品の大部分は公費で購入されている。また、広大な敷地を有する同館の屋外には彫刻が点在し、全米有数の彫刻公園を形成している。同館の敷地内には野外劇場もあり、コンサートやライブ演奏会も開かれる。2000年には、同館に寄付されたオーギュスト・ロダンの彫刻22体を特別展示し、300,000人以上の来客を集めた^[25]。

プログレス・エナジー演技芸術センターは、もともとは1932年に建てられたローリー記念講堂に、フレッチャー・オペラ・シアター、ケネディ・シアター、およびメイマンディ・コンサート・ホールが2001年に加わり、統合してできた複合施設である^[26]。2,277席を有するローリー記念講堂ではしばしばミュージカルの公演が行われる。ノースカロライナ交響楽団はメイマンディ・コンサート・ホールを本拠地としている。他にも、ノースカロライナ歌劇団、カロライナ・バレエ、ノースカロライナ劇団などがこのプログレス・エナジー・センター内の施設で公演を行っている。プログレス・エナジー・センターの前面にはリッチン・プラザという芝生の広場が設けられている。この広場は野外のイベント会場として使われている。

ダウンタウンにはノースカロライナ自然科学博物館、およびノースカロライナ歴史博物館という2つの博物館がある。ノースカロライナ自然科学博物館は、アパラチア山地からピードモント台地を経て大西洋岸に至るまでのノースカロライナの動植物や、ノースカロライナの自然史に関する展示物を展示している。同館は年間約700,000人の見学客を集めている。一方、ノースカロライナ歴史博物館は、ノースカロライナにおける軍事や装飾芸術、人々の暮らしなど、人類の歴史に的を絞った展示物を展示している。同館内にはノースカロライナスポーツ殿堂も併設されている。

スポーツ

2006年、カロライナ・ハリケーンズはRBCセンターでスタンレーカップ優勝を決めた

ローリーにはNHLイースタン・カンファレンス南東地区に属するカロライナ・ハリケーンズが本拠を置いている。もともとはコネチカット州ハートフォードに本拠を置くチームで、チーム名もハートフォード・ホエーラーズといった。1997年にホエーラーズは成績と人気の低迷からの脱却を図ってノースカロライナ州に移転し、チーム名もカロライナ・ハリケーンズと改めた。新本拠地とする予定であったRBCセンターが建設中であったため、カロライナ・ハリケーンズとしての最初の2年間はグリーンズボロのグリーンズボロ・コロシアムを仮本拠地としてプレーしていた。1999年にRBCセンターが完成すると^[9]、ハリケーンズはローリーでのプレーを始めた。ローリーに移転してからのハリケーンズは急速に力をつけ、2001年には決勝でデトロイト・レッドウィングスに敗れはしたものの、チーム史上初のスタンレー・カップ決勝進出を果たした。2006年には再び決勝進出を果たし、RBCセンターでの第7戦でエドモントン・オイラーズを破って初優勝を果たした。ハリケーンズのスタンレー・カップ獲得は、ノースカロライナ州に本拠を置くプロスポーツチームとしても初となる全米タイトルであった。

RBCセンターはノースカロライナ州立大学ウェスト・キャンパスの西、同大学のスタジアムであるカーター・フィンレー・スタジアムに隣接して建っている。同センターはハリケーンズのみならず、ノースカロライナ州立大学ウルフパックの男女バスケットボールチームも本拠地にしている。しかし、カーター・フィンレー・スタジアムとは異なり、大学側は同センターを所有しておらず、運営にも関与していない。

人口動態

ウィキソースにノースカロライナ州ローリー市の人口統計データの原文があります。

都市圏人口

「リサーチ・トライアングル」も参照

ローリーの都市圏、および広域都市圏を形成する各郡の人口は以下の通りである（2010年国勢調査）^[1]。

ローリー都市圏

County	State	Population
Wake county	North Carolina	900,993人
ジョンソン郡	North Carolina	168,878人
フランクリン郡	North Carolina	60,619人
合計		1,130,490人

ローリー・ダーラム・チャペルヒル広域都市圏

都市圏/小都市圏	County	State	Population
ローリー都市圏			1,130,490人
ダーラム・チャペルヒル都市圏	ダーラム郡	North Carolina	267,587人
	オレンジ郡	North Carolina	133,801人
	チャタム郡	North Carolina	63,505人
	パーソン郡	North Carolina	39,464人
ダン小都市圏	ハーネット郡	North Carolina	114,678人
オックスフォード小都市圏	グランビル郡	North Carolina	59,916人
サンフォード小都市圏	リー郡	North Carolina	57,866人
ヘンダーソン小都市圏	バンス郡	North Carolina	45,422人
合計			1,912,729 people

市域人口推移

以下にローリー市における1900年から2010年までの人口推移をグラフおよび表で示す。

統計年	Population
1900年	13,643人
1910年	19,218人
1920年	24,418人
1930年	37,379人
1940年	46,879人
1950年	65,679人
1960年	93,931人
1970年	122,830人
1980年	150,255人
1990年	212,092人
2000年	276,093人
2010年	403,892 people

姉妹都市

ローリーは以下3都市と姉妹都市提携を結んでいる。

註

^ ^a ^b ^c American FactFinder. U.S. Census Bureau. 2011年.
^ Raleigh Durham Annexation Agreement Lines. （PDFファイル）
^ Bishir, Catherine, et al. North Carolina Architecture. p.73. UNC Press. 2005年.
^ City of Raleigh Years (1587 - 1844). City of Raleigh.
^ Dollar, Ernest. The Battle of Morrisville.
^ City of Raleigh Years (1889 - 1930). City of Raleigh.
^ City of Raleigh Years (1931 - 1965). City of Raleigh.
^ City of Raleigh Years (1966 - 1990). City of Raleigh.
^ ^a ^b City of Raleigh Years (1991 - 1999). City of Raleigh.
^ ^a ^b Historical Weather for Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America. Weatherbase.com.
^ Target Industries. Raleigh Economic Development. 2008年.
^ IT and Communications Equipment. Raleigh Economic Development.
^ Computer and Video Game Industry. Raleigh Economic Development.
^ Advanced Medical Care. Raleigh Economic Development.
^ Biotechnology. Raleigh Economic Development.
^ BTEC Landing Page. Wake County Economic Development. 2006年.
^ Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center. North Carolina State University.
^ College of Textiles. North Carolina State University.
^ Nonwoven Textiles. Raleigh Economic Development.
^ Airline Destinations. RDU Airport Authority.
^ RDU Ends 2007 with Ten Million Passengers. RDU Airport Authority. 2008年1月17日.
^ Delta grounds RDU-Paris flight. WRAL.com. Capitol Broadcasting Company, Inc. 2008年12月28日.
^ ATLANTIC COAST SERVICE. p.2. Amtrak. 2016年1月11日. 2016年6月26日閲覧
^ Carolian and Piedmont. p.2. Amtrak. 2016年1月11日. 2016年6月26日閲覧
^ Dr. Lawrence Wheeler, Director, North Carolina Museum of Art, 8-25-06. ARTSCAPE. 2006年9月2日.
^ City of Raleigh Years (1999 - 2002). City of Raleigh.

外部リンク

ウィキメディア・コモンズには、ローリー (ノースカロライナ州)に関連するカテゴリがあります。

「https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ローリー_(ノースカロライナ州)&oldid=60238277」から取得

This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Raleigh (North Carolina)

This article is distributed by cc-by-sa or GFDL license in accordance with the provisions of Wikipedia.

Wikipedia and Tranpedia does not guarantee the accuracy of this document. See our disclaimer for more information.

In addition, Tranpedia is simply not responsible for any show is only by translating the writings of foreign licenses that are compatible with CC-BY-SA license information.

TranPedia

Wikipedia Translation from Japanese to English

2016년 9월 17일 토요일