2016년 9월 24일 토요일

Hebrew

Hebrew

Hebrew
ע ברית‎
Pronunciation IPA: [ivˈʁit]
The country which is talked about Israeli flag Israel
Area Israel and the occupied territory
The number of the speakers Approximately 10 million people
Language system
Notation system Hebrew letter
Public position
Official language Israeli flag Israel
Controllerate Hebrew academy (Academy of the Hebrew Language)
Language cord
ISO 639-1 he
ISO 639-2 heb
ISO 639-3 heb
I display a template
The letter which I cannot display by some computers and browsers is included in this item (in detail).

One of northwest Semitic that the Hebrew (a Hebrew עברית, Ivrit, Latin: Lingua Hebraea) belongs to the Sem group of a language family of the Afro Asia family of languages. I am called the ヘブル word.

Table of contents

Summary

In Hebrew, there are language classic Hebrew (or Bible Hebrew (English version)) that a Hebrew (Jew) who lived in Palestine in the ancient times used as mother tongue and Modern Hebrew spoken now in the State of Israel. The Modern Hebrew was called by Hebrew with "עברית, Eve lied" (Eve Ritt), and the ancient Bible Hebrew was known by the name of לשוןהקודש, Leshon HaKodesh[1] or "sacred words" namely "a language of God".

The classic Hebrew was not gradually talked about since a Jew made world disintegration (Diaspora) and the disintegration Jew in the later times took place and used languages such as a language of Arabic, Judeo-Spanish, Yiddish routinely. Therefore, as for the Hebrew, the remote Jew communities which spoke a study, a ceremony, prayer such as the Bible (the Hebrew Bible) or the Mishnah, separate languages as words of the Judaism were used for cases to take the communication during two thousand several hundred years. However, Hebrew is revitalized as Modern Hebrew in the 20th century and I come to occupy a position of the Jewish vernacular speech to take place of other languages, and to live in the State of Israel and reach it at the present.

The name of the Hebrew employed as a general name of this language comes from that I called people to emigrate to across the Euphrates with a ヘブル person collectively. The people who are the Abraham clan and the descendant said to that I emigrated to Canaan (current Palestine Israel) now from Ulu (English version) (current Iraq) of Chaldea in about B.C. 3500 become able to call it with a ヘブル person, a Hebrew as other designations, and the language that they use is called a language of ヘブル, Hebrew.

When I write it in a sentence, like Arabic to belong to the same Semitic as a characteristic, I write this language to the left from the right. In addition, even if there is the notation expressing a consonant unlike Japanese or English as for the Hebrew letter to come from an Aramaic alphabet, there is not often the notation expressing a vowel sound, and some custom is necessary for the acquisition of the language.

The vowel sound sign called ネクダー exists, but, in the case of the notation of the word of foreign origin not to know a beginning class textbook and the pronunciation for the language acquisition including a grammar and language study book of the Hebrew published in Japanese and the dictionary, I am only used, and there is few it at the opportunity when I am used when I read a sentence and write it, but ネクダー is referred to a newspaper in the State of Israel for Hebrew beginners poetry and シャアル ラマトヒール.

Classic Hebrew

The details refer to "Bible Hebrew" (English version)

It is said that the words of the ancient Hebrew mix with Canaanitic and were completed. The best-known book written in Hebrew is "Hebrew Bible" (the Old Testament for the Christian).

It was replaced Aramaic that was common language of the orient world at the time, and the Old Testament was Aramic, and this language was described. In the times of the later New Testament, it is thought that Jesus talked about Aramaic with Hebrew routinely, and there is the point where the words of both languages were just listed in as words of yes in the New Testament. Because this reiteration word was extremely closely related, and formed a kind of dialect continuum by longtime language contact; a Jew in this time of nature and Aramaic and the Hebrew when became bilingual, is supposed.

I left a trace in Judeo-Spanish word, Yiddish and was not completely used for general spoken language except that I was used in a religion ceremony in the Judaism after Jewish world disintegration (Diaspora) happened in A.D. 70.

The Middle Ages began, and Johan ロイヒリン (English version) of the philologist taught Bible Hebrew at a university only after I made a gentile and left a book (De Arte Cabalistica) about the cabala, and バルーフ デ Spinoza who received the education as the rabbi explained the language language study-like Hebrew from the viewpoint of Bible interpretation of the philology in a collection of posthumous works and the published "Hebrew grammar general outline" that I did after death more. Though there was not the letter which expressed a vowel sound in a beginning part on a Hebrew letter, I wrote it down saying "the letter which there was not of the vowel sound is "body" which there was not of the soul" (corpora sine anima).

Modern Hebrew

The details refer to "en:Modern Hebrew"

The Modern Hebrew revived as vernacular speech in the 20th century. However, in the times when Hebrew was not used as vernacular speech, the writings activity by the Hebrew continued without a break for approximately 1,800 years, and it was not a real dead language. The Modern Hebrew includes a lot of verbal characteristics of coming ages including the ミシュナー Hebrew.

It was the person who practiced that I used Hebrew as vernacular speech, and エリエゼル Ben イェフダー (from 1858 to 1922) which moved to Palestine from Russia in the 19th century played a big role in Hebrew revival (his son Ben ツィオン was educated only in Hebrew for several years after being born and became the person who talked about Hebrew as mother tongue after an interval of approximately 2,000 years). However, he did not make Modern Hebrew based on the Bible from the beginning. It was a thing in the field of vocabulary mainly, and his contribution found out the word that was not used from documents and made a new word and allowed you to express a modern concept. Therefore I edited all "Hebrew Dictionary" consisting of 16, but completion was imminent and died and was published after death.

The Hebrew was revitalized as spoken language by such a Jewish effort and became one of the Israeli official languages later. The ancient word that was not spoken as vernacular speech revives again, and it is really only in history this Hebrew once that came to be talked. The Modern Hebrew is affected by Arabic by a large number of Arabs living in Israel, and a word of the Arabic origin including "ファラフェル" (Hebrew :פָלָאפֶל‎) is not rarely listed by the same Hebrew letter. Furthermore, it is not rarely the same Hebrew word without "translating" an English word including "the Internet" (Hebrew :אִינְטֶרְנֶט‎) into Hebrew, and doing it, and an English word listed in an English letter in Hebrew listed by a Hebrew letter in computer-related documents may be just inserted by globalization of the economy or the development of the information technology. In addition, it is from the right to the left, and it is described, and this case, English word are inserted from the left in the right as mucus.

About the modern Hebrew circumstances, an Arab in the State of Israel namely an Arabic Israeli and the Palestinian in the occupied territory talk about Hebrew very fluently [2]. It is thought that I am more proficient in Hebrew than Jewish Americans who learn only some Hebrew in a Hebrew classroom Ulu Bakery after they came of age. As the background, Arabic is different from Hebrew in the letter, but it is a language of the Semitic together, and this is because there is considerably a similarity in grammar or vocabulary. In addition, making it it receives onomastic Hebrew letters such as a person's name or the place name in the Arabic origin because a large number of Arabic Israelis live in not only modern Palestine but also Israel, and there are an Arab city and village before the founding of a country in Israel a lot. Specifically, اهلاوسهلا (アハラン ワ Sakha orchid) "welcome" to mean is made אהלןוסהלן and a Hebrew letter in Arabic.

The number used in Modern Hebrew is Arabic numeric used in mathematics. And I insert Arabic numeric to list from the left in the right and, in Hebrew to list from the right in the left, list it. And when I make a document of the Hebrew using Microsoft Word of Microsoft, the Hebrew letter is listed from the right in the left, but only the number comes to be listed from the left in the right.

Because a Judaist emigrates to Israel from all parts of the world, Ulu bread is established with or without intention to settle down in again as an educational institution of the Hebrew for the adults who can learn Hebrew in anyone to Israel regardless of being an emigrant to Israel in Israel.

Letter

The details refer to "a Hebrew letter"

Phoneme

Grammar

Grammar of the Hebrew is grammar of the analyses. In substitution for a dative and an ablative case and the accusative, I use the preposition. The declension of a verb and the noun is important.

Morphology

The words of the Hebrew are possible from the root of a word of three characters, and there are a noun and a verb and an adjective from the root of a word. This resembles Arabic closely.

Word, sentence of the Hebrew

I am used for a daily life conversation in Israel, and the Hebrew is the language that is essential to right Bible understanding, Judaism, Hebrew literature (English version) including the rabbi literature (English version), Jewish music (English version), Sem language study, Afro Asia language study. I collect below only basic things.

List of word and examples of the Hebrew,

Thanks, thank you todah
Pomegranate ר ימון, Rimmon, Rimon (رمان,رُمَّان, Rumman, Roman)

Words of the Hebrew origin

Example of the Hebrew

Meaning Hebrew
(Hebrew letter notation)
 Hebrew
(Latin transliteration)
 IPA
Hebrew ע ברית ivrit [ivˈʁit]
/ is peaceful today ש לום shalom [ʃʌ'lom]
Good-bye ל התראות lehitraot [lɛhitʁʌ'ot]
Nice to meet you נ עיםמאוד Na' im Me' od
You're welcome ב בקשה bevakasha [bɛvʌkʌ'ʃʌ]
Thank you ת ודה toda [to'dʌ]
Thank you ת ודהרבה toda raba
It / that א תזה et ze [ɛt zɛ]
How old are you? How much is /? ?כמה kama ['kʌmʌ]
How much is this? ?כמהזהעולה Kama Zeh Oleh?
Japanese י פנית yapanit [jʌpon'ɪt]
Yes כ ן ken [kɛn]
No, I do not do it / useless / ... ל א lo [lo]
Toast ל חיים le-chaim [lɛ'xaim]
Good morning ב וקרטוב Boker Tov
Good night ל ילהטוב Lailah Tov
How did you do it? ?מהקורה Ma Kore?
How are you? ?מהנשמע Ma Nishma?
Good ט וב Tov
Where is the restroom? א יפההשרותים?‏ Eifo ha-sherutim?
I believe it א נימאמין ā ni maamīn
Japan י פן Yapan
Tokyo ט וקיו Tokyo

Footnote

  1. ^ Hebrew Roman letters transliteration
  2. ^ Amal Jamal (September, 2006). "The Culture of Media Consumption among National Minorities: The Case of Arab Society in Israel". I' lam Media Center for Arab Palestinians in Israel. June 29, 2014 reading.

References

  • It is ISBN 4-89606-103-9 (1984) in January for Christ Bible private supplementary school editorial department "Modern Hebrew dictionary" Christ Bible private supplementary school 1,984 years
  • Written by Isao Hashimoto with "English of the Bible is ISBN 4-268-00317-7 (1988) in October Hebrew usage" British tide company 1988

Allied item

Outside link

There is Wikipedia for Hebrew.
It is acquired by "https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= Hebrew &oldid=60878292"

This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Hebrew

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