Toe Ghent hat residence
| Toe Ghent hat residence Vila Tugendhat | |
|---|---|
 I see the building from the garden | |
  Position in Brno | |
| Summary | |
| The location | Brno, Czech |
| Coordinate | 49°12'26" N 16°36'57" E / 49.20722 degrees N 16.61583 degrees E |
| The start of construction | 1928 |
| Completion | 1930 |
| Design, construction | |
| Architect | Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
| A registration name: Tugendhat Villa in Brno (British), Villa TugendhatàBrno (Buddha) | |
| Division: | Cultural |
| A standard: | ii, iv |
| A registration day: | 2001 （The 25th world heritage Committee) |
| Registration cord #: | 1052 |
| State Party: | The Czech Republic |
| Region: | Europe and North America |
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
| Fame | Tugendhat Villa in Brno | ||
| The name of a Buddha | Villa TugendhatàBrno | ||
| Area | 0.73 ha (buffering area 2,824.899902ha) | ||
| Registration division | Cultural heritage | ||
| Registration standard | (2), (4) | ||
| The registration year | 2001 | ||
| Remarks | Position 49°12'26" N 16°36'57" E / 49.20722 degrees N 16.61583 degrees E | ||
| Official site | World heritage center (English) | ||
| Usage, indication | |||
Toe Ghent hat residence (Vila Tugendhat) is a residence built in Brno of Czechoslovakia (existing Czech within the territory) from 1928 through 1930. I am considered to be one of the masterpieces of German modernism architect Mies van der Rohe and it is the most relevant and does it and, in the building of the Czechoslovakian functionalism, is the most beautiful.
When I selected (so-called velvet divorce) that Slovakia independently separates as Czech in 1992, it is the historic place where the signing ceremony was held.
Table of contents
Characteristic
The residence is located in the suburbs of Brno and originally is built in the slant place that was able to look around the city. It is an entrance and the 2-story house where a living room, a dining room, the study were located on a bedroom, the lower floor part facing the garden to an upper rank part facing the street.
Mies van der Rohe developed the concept of "the free plane" which was one of five principles of the modern architecture through the design of this residence. It is decided without space (dining room, the study, salon) tied to a function being partitioned off.
The building was made of steel, and the pillar was cross-shaped, and, like Barcelona pavilion, a hood of the stainless steel was attached. It avoided the wall which worked and enabled freer space design. The materials were chosen carefully, and travertine was used for the floor, and a sheet of high-quality wood such as a lemon or the ebony was put on the wall of the partition. This wall is intended to shut out the direct rays of the sun from a garden to the study, and wall in itself is made with a monolith of the wood agate. The facade facing the garden becomes fitted with glass entirely to take in light to the maximum. Big flat glass group was used, and this glass aimed at reducing cabinetwork as much as possible.
Mies van der Rohe dealt until a design of the furniture by oneself so that he usually did it well. The chair (Tugendhat chair) of the toe Ghent hat, Bruno chair were known, but the design extended in particular to the electric switch. There is the thing left on the floor with a bolt to those furniture.
History
The request of the design was in 1,928 years from Fritz toe Ghent hat of the businessman and wife Alf Leda and designed me until 1929, the following day. Construction began in 1929 and was completed in 1930. It became a kind of icon for the modernism architecture as soon as it was completed.
Because the two Ghent hat family who was an original owner was Jewish, for fear of persecution of urgent Nazis Germany, I emigrated to Switzerland. They go over to Venezuela afterwards, and there was not the thing that I never come back (I refer to en:Ernst Tugendhat).
During World War II, Germans occupied it and put a study office of Messerschmitt company in this residence. Russians occupied it after defeat of Germany, but, during such an occupation period, the residence was damaged very much.
In 1955, in the residence, Czechoslovakian; became owned by government, and remedial education center of children was put. I received the designation of historic cultural assets in 1963, and the restoration began, too, but a problem occurred in quality under the influence of the Cold War. For example, it is a very difficult thing for Czechoslovakia that supply high-quality wood from Brazil, and a convincible substitute will be used more or less.
In 1992, Vaclav Klaus of the Czech side and ヴラジミール Meciariar of the Slovak side had a talk at this residence and performed the signing ceremony to dismantle Czechoslovakia in the next year.
The toe Ghent hat residence is available for general access today. There is the exhibition room in the residence, too, and Brno city authorities hold culture events.
World heritage
The toe Ghent hat residence was registered with a world heritage of the UNESCO in December, 2001. It is the eleventh cultural heritage in the Czech world heritage. In the UNESCO, I plan that I perform the reconstruction that is faithful to an original figure with aspects of the choice of raw materials in particular, and it is expected that the contribution of the fund of that purpose is performed.
Registration standard
Considered that this world heritage met the following standards in the world heritage registration standard, and registration was accomplished (the following standards are translation, quotation from a registration standard of the world heritage center publication).
- (2) In through a period of time or a certain cultural sphere, I show important interchange of the value of the human about a building, a technique, art, the city planning of the monument, the development of the scenery design.
- (4) A superior example of architecture illustrating the important times in history of the human, building group, the accumulation of the technique or the scenery.
Japanese documents
Outside link
- Toe Ghent hat residence official site (Czech, English)
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Toe Ghent hat residence
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