Mineralogy
The mineralogy (こうぶつがく British: mineralogy) is a field for one minute of the earth science. I pursue mineral chemistry, crystal structure, a physical optical property. In addition, I study the mineral formation and the process of the collapse. It is discipline existing in the study domain of solid-state physics, inorganic chemistry, crystallography, geochemistry, solid planet science, lithology, science of Ore deposits, natural history, the materials science and is study to sit astride the various fields in spite of being the soil.
Table of contents
The mineralogical history and the significance
I can call all the study for minerals mineralogy. However, natural history, crystallography, inorganic chemistry, four study that are different from solid-state physics for technique make that a coexisting place grasps the mineralogical total picture difficult in that while being a course to the last for one minute of the earth planet science. The study that an object is the same, and different technique coexists is natural in the engineering field. However, it is mainstream to define the discipline by technique like physics (and geophysics), chemistry (and geochemistry), geology and, in the field of science, makes a clear distinction from the mineralogy that defined the discipline in an object. At this point the mineralogy is near biology. In addition, the geology is a field for one minute of the historical science to suppose a past event, and I use technique of the historical science, but the mineralogy is not necessarily historical science.
The mineralogy is related to mineral classification and closeness to constitute a rock historically. The traditional mention mineralogy to continue from the before 1920s names the mineral and is to check mineral distribution. I can say the field for one minute of the natural history (this significance never declines now).
It was that the mineralogical mainstream of modern (I point to about 1970 from about 1920) performed mineral crystal structure analysis by X-rays diffractometry and neutron diffractometry. Therefore, I can consider the mineralogy of modern times to be the field of crystallographic relation. It is a masterpiece that the Crystallographic Society of Japan divided a member of society into the field of of the "physics" "chemistry" "mineralogy" 3 as for this.
By the 1970s, naturally occurring most mineral rough crystal structure was elucidated exhaustively. It may be said that the mineralogical technique-like progress was in the stagnation period temporarily these days. However, after the late 1980s, the experiment technique such as the high pressure composition method and the solution growth method, the vapor phase epitaxy method developed and they made full use of a computer again and were able to simulate the behavior of the crystal at an atom level. Therefore, the field of modern mineralogical mainstream which is the highest by an experiment and simulation
- Elucidating temperature, pressure, time and the relations with the elemental chemical reaction, and demonstrating a mineral generation process (inorganic chemistry).
- Measuring the mineral properties of matter under the high temperature, high pressure power, and predicting, for example, the mineral state in the earth deep part (solid-state physics).
The field of の 2 is becoming mainstream. In addition, the crystallographic technique in the modern mineralogical extension made great strides and came to find a material of the crystal structure that I could not compose in the art. In other words, it may be said that the highest mineralogy is "inorganic chemistry, the solid-state physics for natural products and crystallography". In fact an example and the reverse example which turn from a mineralogist into a scholar of mineralization and a solid-state physicist, materials scientist are not rare. As an example, John ベドノルツ which is the one who discovered a high temperature superconduction material first is the mineralogist who originally studied a perovskite structure type mineral.
On the other hand, I study the difference every mineral production center in the mineralogy sequentially. Thus, the importance of the fieldwork does not decline for mineralogy. Generally, the mineral chemical composition and crystal structure are very complicated for an inorganic compound. In addition, there are a lot of minerals that a lot of variation every production center cannot yet reproduce a production state under artificial environment. Therefore, the academic significance about recording a mineral mention and the neighboring environment to produce by fieldwork is big.
In addition, the mineral generation process elucidated in a laboratory becomes the basic data elucidating the origin of a planet and the meteorite. And the mineral properties of matter data which a mineralogist measured are indispensable to simulate environment in the earth in geophysics. Therefore, it is quiet, but the mineralogy is one of the fields of basics in earth planet science.
Allied item
References
- Junpei Harada "mineral outline second edition" Iwanami Shoten 〈 Iwanami complete works 〉, 1973, ISBN 4-00-021191-9.
- Kazunosuke Masutomi "mineral - plain mineralogy" childcare company 〈 color nature guide 〉, 1974, ISBN 4-586-40013-7.
- Yoshimasu Kuroda, Kanenori Suwa "polarizing microscope and rock mineral second edition" Kyoritsu publication, 1983, ISBN 4-320-04578-5.
- Nobuo Morimoto "rock-forming minerals studies" Tokyo University publication society, 1989, ISBN 4-13-062123-8.
- It is 草思社, 1990, ISBN 4-7942-0379-9 from "pleasant mineralogy - basic knowledge to judgment" Hidemichi Hori.
Outside link
- International Mineralogical Association (IMA)
- Japanese mineral science meeting (Japanese Association of Mineralogists Petrologists and Economic Geologists integrates it with the Mineralogical Society of Japan)
- Mineralogy connection (earth resources theory laboratory)
- Gallery pyroxene earth science lecture
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Mineralogy
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