Rhododendron
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 Rhododendron | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Approximately 140 kinds (the details refer to the text) |
The rhododendron (rhododendron, rhododendron) is heath family Rhododendron (Rhododendron) no squama rhododendron subgenus, a generic name of the no squama rhododendron clause.
It is a shrub, but there is the thing becoming Takagi mainly.
In addition, attention is necessary because I call the thing of the existence squama rhododendron subgenus that many things are named an azalea with Rhododendron in Europe and America in Japan. But, in an existence squama rhododendron, I call the family of the birare (Malaysian rhododendron) a rhododendron like Kawakami rhododendron in Japan.
Table of contents
Distribution
I am mainly distributed over the extremely wide ranges from the subarctic zone of the Northern Hemisphere to the tropical mountainous district for Rhododendron, and the southern limit reaches New Guinea Australia of the Southern Hemisphere across the equator. A great many kinds are distributed around the Himalayas in particular.
Characteristic
I am showy, and a big flower is all characteristic. The color of the flower has many white or red systems, but may be the yellow.
The rhododendron is a poisonous plant including Kay Ren poison such as グラヤノトキシン, also known as the road toxin on a leaf. I may cause nausea and diarrhea, dyspnea when I take it in. A person having a custom to drink in substitution for tea saying that a leaf is effective in diuresis, the vigor exists a lot, but this is because I misunderstood this with a thing (these two do not have the association) which is the same as "stone south" (オオカナメモチ) of the Chinese medicine, and such an efficacy does not exist to a rhododendron because the character called "a rhododendron" is affected by a rhododendron as for this.
The rhododendron is distributed over the cold districts in spite of an evergreen broad-leaved tree. In the kind to be distributed over the cold districts, there is the Rhododendron Metternichii which does the backside of the leaf into a pipe which I did inside form, and winters. The rhododendron of many kinds grows wild in Japan, but it is a variety, and most are gathered to four kinds or six kinds at the level of the kind.
In addition, a domestic rhododendron is introduced into Japan outside a lot of as a kind for the gardening and is planted in each place.
Main kind
A lot of varieties are it in many kinds as a gardening plant in the wild animal state again. Therefore the number of the kinds greatly varies according to a definition, but it is thought that probably there are several hundred kinds.
East Asia wide area
- I am distributed over the cold districts of the East Asia including northern part of eastern part of Rhododendron aureum R. aureum Georgi - Siberia, Manchurian, Korean Peninsula, Karafuto, Chishima Islands, Kamchatka widely. It is an alpine plant growing wild from the alpine belts from Hokkaido to the Chubu District to the upper subalpine zone. I make a flower of the light yellow bloom.
- Yae Rhododendron aureum R. aureum Georgi f. senamense (Y.Yabe) H.Hara) -8 folds coming out kind.
- ゴシキシャクナゲ R. aureum Georgi f. albiforum S. Watan. -The white kind of the flower.
- Rhododendron Metternichii R. brachycarpum G. A part is distributed to the creeping pine zone from Don - Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and the subalpine zone in northern Korean Peninsula. As for the flower, there is a light green spot in light crimson from white inward. It is a representative flower coloring the dark coniferous trees of the subalpine zone. There are the following varieties.
- Nemoto rhododendron R. brachycarpum G. A kind of the Don f. nemotonum (Makino) Hara -8 folds coming out. I am associated with Kanji Nemoto.
in Japan
- I am distributed over a mountainous district, the subalpine zone from the Phododendron degronianum Rhododendron degronianum Carrière - Tohoku district to the Chubu District. The crimson that the flower is light. There are the following varieties.
- アマギシャクナゲ Rhododendron degronianum Carrière var. amagianum (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamaz. -I am distributed over the mountainous district of the Izu, Shizuoka Peninsula.
- I am distributed over the mountainous district of Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu from field horsetail rhododendron Rhododendron japonoheptamerum Kitam. var. japonoheptamerum - Kii peninsula and to the west. I make a flower of the light crimson bloom at height of the tree 3-4m. There are the following varieties.
- Phone rhododendron Rhododendron japonoheptamerum Kitam. var. hondoense (Nakai) Kitam. -I am distributed over Honshu from the Chubu District and to the west and the mountainous district of Shikoku. The flower is full of changes from purplish red to white.
- Kyo circle rhododendron Rhododendron japonoheptamerum Kitam. var. kyomaruense (T.Yamaz.) Kitam. -I am distributed over the mountainous district of South Nagano and North Shizuoka in southern Southern Alps. The crimson that the flower is light. II endangered as for the thing growing wild according to the list of Ministry of the Environment red data.
- オキシャクナゲ Rhododendron japonoheptamerum Kitam. var. okiense T.Yamaz. -I am distributed over the Oki, Shimane Island.
- I grow wild in the mountainous district of ホソバシャクナゲ Rhododendron makinoi Tagg ex Nakai - Shizuoka and Aichi. II endangered as for the thing growing wild according to the list of Ministry of the Environment red data. According to the name, a leaf is thin in the rhododendron. Deep red purple or a white flower.
- I am distributed over the high place of Yakushima according to the yak sima rhododendron Rhododendron yakushimanum Nakai - name. The crimson that the flower is light. There is the next variety.
- Ooya Kushima rhododendron Rhododendron yakushimanum Nakai var. intermedium (Sugim.) T.Yamaz. -It is larger with height of the tree, the leaf than a basic kind.
Himalayas
Gallery
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Culture
- A nickname of one formation of the train of Nankai Electric Railway 2300 origin is a rhododendron, and this is described in a part of the 2000 system train again.
- When Yasuzaemon Matsunaga visited Europe and America (1954) in 1954, our two of them which purchased three of them in the U.K. are planted in the Matsunaga memorial of Odawara.
References
- Yoshisuke Satake et al. edition "wild plant Kimoto II (1989) Heibonsha Publishers Ltd. of Japan"
- Koji Yonekura, Tadashi Kajita (2003-) "BG Plants Japanese name - scientific name index" (YList)
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Rhododendron
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