Hey, dull Hahn アムー Woo glee
| Hey, dull Hahn アムー Woo glee ح یدرخانعمواوغلی | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Age: | 1880December 20 |
| Cloth: |  Iran、Adhar bye Jan stateオルーミーイェ |
| The year of a person's death: | October 15, 1921 (40 years old death) |
| A death place: |  Iran, Guy Rahn state（  Guy Rahn republic）、Phew it is a man suburbs |
| Thought: | Nationalism, social democracy |
| Activity: | アミーノッ Sor turn Instruction of the Guy Rahn republic |
| Position: | （The Russian Social-Democratic Workers' party→） Russian communist The Iranian Communist Party () |
| An old school: | Tiflis high technical school |
| Religion: | Islam religion |
Hey, the dull Hahn アムー Woo glee (Persian :حیدرخانعمواوغلی, Azerbaijani :مُدَرِّسٌحیدرخانعمواوغلیتاریوردی, from December 20, 1880 to October 15, 1921) is an Iranian revolutionist for the ガージャール dynasty period. The race has the Russian name with [1], Gaidar (dull yes) = Hahn タリヴェルディエフ (Гайдар(Хайдар)-ханТаривердиев) which is an Azerbaijani () [2].
I was considered to be a Russian communist from party foundation time and was active as rapid progress power by participation in planning to assassination and the constitutional revolution of the very important person in Iran. I went over to Russia after October Revolution, but was opposed to アヴェティス スルタンザーデ () of the Iranian Russian communist and others intensely in the same way there. When revolution government "Guy Rahn republic" was established in the northern part of Iran, I held real power of the Iranian Communist Party () using this confusion, but I lost all power by the opposition of the policy with the Russian communist center before long and accomplished last moments called the execution by the right wing of the Guy Rahn government.
Table of contents
Life
I it until constitutional revolution
Hey, Adhar bye was オルーミーイェ of the state ta-da, and Dal was born as the second son between mother who was the daughter of father and the landowner who ran a medical practitioner on December 20, 1880 [3]; [note 1]. I settled down in shift, アレクサンドロポリ of the エリヴァニ prefecture () at the age of 6 years old to south Caucasus of Russian Empire in family [6]. I received the culture education of the Muslim at the home, and the school education advanced from the local Russian school to the higher education in in エリヴァニ and Tiflis [6]. According to the recollection of oneself, is said that ヘイダル joined the Russia Social-Democratic Workers' party in 1898 when is in Tiflis high technical school [6]; [note 2].
I went over from work, October, 1903 to Teheran of the mother country as an electrical engineer, a machinist and a bowling engineer in Baku from about 1900 and worked in a railroad company and insurance, a transportation company [6]. ヘイダル was concerned with field branch office establishment of ヒンメト and Iran Social Democratic Party (fa) which were the cause of the order from the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' party, an illegal social democracy organization these days [6]. In addition, is said that commanded the アミーノッ Sor turn () assassination of the prime minister who occurred in August, 1907, and teach the Mohammad Alley Shah assassination attempt case of February, 1908, the following day (the ヘイダル and others were arrested after a case, but were released with lack of evidence); [9]. Though the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' party denied a terrorism route, ヘイダル continued being a strong supporter of the 政的 terrorism afterwards [10].
For the same period that was constitutional revolution, ヘイダル fought against a counterrevolution power with a military unit dispatched from Baku [11]. For the second constitutionalism era after Mohammad Alley Shah was abolished, I played an active part as an organizer of the radicals (デモクラート party) in the assemblies [10].
World War I period
When the Mohammad ヴァリー Hahn セパフサーラール () political power was established in March, 1911, ヘイダル was urged deportation on, and went over to Europe [10]; [note 3]. And say Edo Hasan タキーザーデ () forced to exile by joined the デモクラート party exile leadership "Iran committee" which I received support of Deutsches Reich Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Berlin and formed in the same way in October, 1915 [12].
Following the fact that mother country Iran split into the central ally group and allied powers group when World War I got into full swing, high Dal was ordered the formation of the central ally group voluntary army by the Iranian from the Iranian committee [13]. ヘイダル took a turn for Baghdad in December and interviewed with Colmar phone デア ゴルツ of the Commander German soil Unified Combatant Command [14]. However, an Iranian center ally group having come to come close in Ottoman Empire from Germany and ヘイダル lacked in the military resource, and it was piled up not to have accepted a chain of command given, and ヘイダル came back to Berlin at last in October, 1916 after I was removed from the Iran committee [14]. ヘイダル left the country to Denmark in May, 1917, the following day and entered Russia Soviet Union Republic afterwards via Scandinavia [12].
Activity in Russia
Hey, Dal spent the end of 1919 in Petrograd and Moscow from December, 1917 [12]. Recent ヘイダル participated in the central Muslim commissar part international publicity department and Muslim communism organization center bureau of the department in racial problem commissar [12]. In addition, about the important post of the help group for the lower Iranian resident in Moscow [15].
I proceeded to Tashkent of the Turkestan self-government republic for the purpose of ヘイダル catching the recommendation of lev Trotsky in February, 1920, and organization doing an Iranian corps for anti-British struggle residing in Russia [14]. However, ヘイダル was opposed to the local executives intensely here [16]. Hey, I performed the criticism that, besides, found fault with blood relationship of Armenian () about アヴェティス スルタンザーデ () of the executives without Dal insisting saying "oneself must become the military affairs leader even if there was anything and wants to become it like Trotsky comrade in Russia in Persia", and handing it over [16]. On the contrary, ヘイダル which received criticism, and was removed by the executives continued remaining in アシガバード until September without participating in establishment meeting (fa) of the Iran Communist Party () which スルタンザーデ performed in Iranian アンザリー in [16], June of the year [17].
Activity in Guy Rahn
In the east races meeting that would be started on the same month 1 in Baku, ヘイダル was picked as a delegate, too [18]. And about responsibility [18] of the スルタンザーデ and others Iran Communist Party center committee over confusion and it about the revolution government "Guy Rahn republic" where it was built in the northern part of Iran what ヘイダル assumed a problem in this meeting. Hey, the supporters demanded resignation from the center committee from スルタンザーデ and others if dull and demanded it from a successor to elect oneself [18]. Both groups were opposed intensely again, but new Iran Communist Party center committee doing ヘイダル with a clerk by Russian communist center committee Caucasus station (ru) resolution of November 11 will start according to submission of Joseph Stalin after all [19].
I announced the new thesis on January 26, 1921, and ヘイダル which became Iranian Communist Party leader withdrew immediate Communist Party revolution route and adopted the joint struggle route of a proletariat and the small and medium size bourgeoisie in this way [20]. And I started rally with power of ミールザー クーチェク Hahn () of the right wing who was in division state in Guy Rahn revolution and the power of エフサーノッラー Hahn Doe strike Dahl () of the left [20]. And I settled the opposition of both in May and succeeded in unifying the revolution governments of Guy Rahn again [21].
However, the Comintern leadership supported the スルタンザーデ side where Iranian Communist Party center committee member was chased not ヘイダル, and did not trust ヘイダル (Mikhail パヴロヴィチ of the Comintern publicity department states, "is active magnificently without putting on a mask in the group of ヘイダル Hahn, and want to suggest a shirt to the body in the summer of the communist not to bring it"); [22]. The Comintern executives summoned ヘイダル to Moscow, but ヘイダル refused this order [22]. Furthermore, ヘイダル transferred power to fight against the Teheran central government to Guy Rahn in defiance of Soviet Union Iran treaty of friendship () concluded in February secretly [21].
For ヘイダル which came to completely ignore the party center, the voice to protect ヘイダル from the Soviet Union Azerbaidjan leadership and the party center Caucasus station disappeared, and Azerbaidjan Communist Party center committee decided the deprivation of the identification of party member from ヘイダル on May 24 [21]. Caucasus station decided dissolution of the Iranian Communist Party center committee on June 4, but ヘイダル refused this and I escaped an arrest order and escaped to the cause of クーチェク Hahn at the end of the same month [21]. However, even クーチェク gave up ヘイダル which lost all organized support at that time [23]. ヘイダル was arrested by a coup d'etat that a クーチェク group caused on September 29 [23] and was killed in the suburbs of フーマン () on October 15 [2].
Evaluation
Hey, there is the point lacking in a document in 事績 of Dal, and the evaluation is greatly different by a debater [1]. It is a pious Muslim, and, from an Iranian researcher, ヘイダル is judged to be the nationalist who was concerned with constitutional revolution positively [1]. Actually, ヘイダル might value laughing and boos by the at a conference nationalism-like speech of the Russian communist, and was crudity to be Islam socialism based on the sharia throughout about the revolution theory [24]; ([25] that but it is a fact to have had conviction, ヘイダル "transforms the revolution of a race into social revolution").
On the other hand, from a researcher of the Soviet Union and the Tudeh () which descended, ヘイダル was appreciated as "the true Russian communist" who did not mind that I confronted the intra-party left either in contrast with an evaluation during the lifetime [1]. The Azerbaijani government decided the payment of survivor's pension from the direct next of the death of ヘイダル, and the federal government honored ヘイダル in the same way in the position where was equal to "26 Baku commissars" killed by counterrevolution power in 1968 [26]. I worshiped you, and ヘイダル was really given to a myth as a pioneer of the Iranian Russian communist in the Soviet Union after the person concerned of the Guy Rahn revolution died out though ヘイダル was never off social democracy thought from the constitutional revolution period [23].
Footnote
Explanatory note
- ^ ヘイダル was the second son of the first wife, and the family had children of 6 man five girls as of 1908 [4]. Abbas of the of the same mother older brother participated in the assassination of the アミーノッ Sor turn () later with ヘイダル, and of the same mother younger brother Sulaiman acted as Petrograd revolution in military affairs Committee () member or "アダーラト" (ru) center committee member [5].
- Even if it compares アサドゥッラ アフンドフ (ru, 1901 joining a political party), Nari man ナリマノフ () (1905 joining a political party) with other senior activists that it is the foundation year of the party for ^ 1,898 years, and a Muslim joins this age, it is early strangely [7]. Therefore the opinion with the creation to overestimate achievements of ヘイダル has this history [8].
- A document is poor about the footprint of ヘイダル in ^ Europe, but the document that ヘイダル interviewed with Vladimir Lenin in all Russian Social-Democratic Workers' party sixth dew meetings held in Prague in 1912 exists [10].
Source
- ^ a b c d Kuroda (1992) 20-21 pages
- ^ a bХайдарАмуоглы//Франкфурт — Чага. — М. : Советскаяэнциклопедия, 1978. — (Большаясоветскаяэнциклопедия: [в30т.] /гл.ред.А.М.Прохоров; 1969-1978,т. 28).
- ^ Kuroda (2007) 199 pages
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 35 pages
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 36-37 pages
- ^ a b c d e Kuroda (1992) 22-23 pages
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 40 pages
- ^ Kuroda (2007) 200 pages
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 25-26 pages
- ^ a b c d Kuroda (1992) 27-29 pages
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 24 pages
- ^ a b c d Kuroda (1992) Page 30
- ^ Kuroda (2007) 204 pages
- ^ a b c Kuroda (2007) 205-206 pages
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 31 pages
- ^ a b c Kuroda (2007) Page 207
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 32 pages
- ^ a b c Kuroda (2007) Page 209
- ^ Kuroda (2007) 210 pages
- ^ a b Kuroda (2007) Page 211
- ^ a b c d Kuroda (2007) Page 213
- ^ a b Kuroda (2007) Page 212
- ^ a b c Kuroda (2007) Page 214
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 33-34 pages
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 35 pages
- ^ Kuroda (1992) 39 pages
References
- Taku Kuroda "high dull Hahn and modern times Iran," it is 20-47 pages, ISSN 09103708 in "Southwest Asia study" 36th, Southwest Asia meeting for the study, March, 1992.
- Taku Kuroda "事績再考 (PDF) of ヘイダル Hahn," it is 197-220 pages, ISSN 02891417, NAID 110006992546 in "God's wisdom Asia study" 25th, Sophia University, December, 2007.
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