Pre-loader (Mir)
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Pre-loader (Russian :Природа) (TsM-I, 77KSI, 11F77I) is a module of Russian Mir station last in the seventh module. The main purpose was the experiment about earth resources that I turned on remote sensing, development and proof of the remote sensing method. The control system was developed by Ukrainian heart Ron () [1].
 Figure of the crystal | |
| The details of the module | |
|---|---|
| Position | The Soviet Union |
| State | The operational end |
| Display machine | Proton 8K82K |
| It is targeted for docking | Core module |
| Function | Earth observation |
| The launching date and time | April 23, 1996 |
| Docking day | April 26, 1996 |
| Re-entry into the earth's atmosphere day | March 23, 2001 |
| Form | TKS type |
| Physical characteristic | |
| Length | 9.7 m |
| Diameter | 4.35 m |
| Launching mass | 19,700 kg |
| The supercharge division capacity | 66m3 |
| Electricity | |
Table of contents
Facilities
Originally the pre-loader was designed on a premise to carry the solar battery array of the expansion on board. However, the solar battery array was not included in configuration at the time of the launching because a plan had been already really made in other modules as for the addition of the solar battery array with completion having been late. I received power supply from 168 total battery of the double redundancy for a pre-loader to use it between flights to Mir while there was not solar battery array. I was constructed by the observation equipment division where it was not supercharged a pre-loader and supercharged observation equipment / payload division. A promotion system apparatus and a handrail for the EVA, a scientific apparatus were attached to the non-supercharge department, and the supercharge department was divided into two parts of an outside observation equipment division and the space for the inside residence, the work. The experimental device of the pre-loader was provided by 12 countries. These experimental devices covered a microwave, visible light, near-infrared light, an infrared spectrum domain using passiveness, actively both observation methods.
Device
| AlissaLIDAR | Altitude, the structure of the cloud, the optics specially made measurement. Vertical definition 150m, horizontal resolution 1km |
| Centaur400MHz receiver | The collection of marine buoy data. |
| DOPI interferometer | A study of the gas aerosol. 2.4-20 micrometers |
| Greben ocean altimeter | Resolution 10cm, 13.76GHz, observation 2.5km in width, viewpoint underneath |
| Ikar N nadir microwave radiometer | Wavelength 0.3, 0.8, 1.35, 2.25 and 6.0cm, observation 60km in width, resolution 60km, 0.15 K |
| Ikar delta scan microwave radiometer system | Make a 40 degrees off truck; and scan, observation 400km in width, wavelength 4.0, 0.3, 0.8 and 1.35cm, resolution 8 – 50km, 0.15-0.5 K |
| Ikar P panorama microwave radiometer | Wavelength 2.25cm and 6.0cm observation 750km in width resolution 75km, 0.15 K |
| Istok 1 infrared rays spectroradiometer | 4.0-16.0 micrometers of wavelengths, observation 7km in width, resolution 0.7 x 2.8km |
| MOS-Obzor スペクトロメータ | The measurement of a characteristic of the aerosol and the marine reflectance. It is 17 channels, observation 80km in width, resolution 700m at 0.750-1.01 micrometers |
| MOMS 02P earth imaging device | It is Channel Four, multi-spectrum, stereo or high-resolution data, resolution 6km at 0.440-0.810 micrometers. It is a German device and flies in the space lab D2 mission of the shuttle first. |
| MSU-E2 high definition optics scanner | It is 3 channels, viewpoint underneath, observation width 2 x 24.5km at resolution 10m, 0.5-0.9 micrometers |
| Ozon M スペクトロメータ | Characteristic observation of the ozone aerosol. It is 160 channels, resolution of the high direction of 1km at 0.257-1.155 micrometers |
| Traverse synthetic aperture radar | 1.28/3.28GHz, observation 50km in width, angle of inclination 38 degrees for the observation, resolution 50m |
Launching, docking
The pre-loader was launched by a proton rocket on April 23, 1996, but an electrical connector broke down after orbit arrival, and available electricity has become half. As for the pre-loader, a chance of the docking had room only once so as to lose electricity, but, for a problem of this electricity, gave you concern not to have possibilities to dock on the ground side because most of other modules failed in docking in the first trial. However, the pre-loader finished docking safely on April 26. After I am transferred by the docking port of the +Z axis of the core module and was done permanent combination, it is connected to the electric power system of the station and will get electricity from the solar panel of other modules. After the battery of the pre-loader was taken off by crew and was picked up on progressive rock M-31, it was discarded re-entry.
During the last stay of 2000, it was said that electricity load was very high, and the crew for this purpose was not able to start the device of the pre-loader. The pre-loader entered with Mir again in March, 2001 and was destroyed.
Cross section
Gallery
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Traverse antenna
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Outside characteristic
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I photograph it in pre-loader, STS-91
Outside link
- Russian Space Web
- Encyclopedia Astronautica
- Gunter's Space Page - information on Priroda
- Priroda web page
- Priroda project description
Footnote
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Pre-loader (Mir)
This article is distributed by cc-by-sa or GFDL license in accordance with the provisions of Wikipedia.
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