Auburn (Alabama)
| Auburn City City of Auburn | |
|---|---|
 Auburn inner-city | |
| Motto : "The Loveliest Village On The Plains (the village which is the loveliest in a great plain) " | |
| Position | |
 The right: Position of the Lee county in Alabama The left: City limits of Auburn in the Lee county | |
| Coordinate : 32°35'51" N 85°28'50" W / 32.59750 degrees N 85.48056 degrees W | |
| The history | |
| The foundation | 1839 [1] |
| Administration | |
| Country | The United States of America |
| State | Alabama |
| County | Lee county |
| City | Auburn City |
| Geography | |
| Area | |
| City limits | 102.6 km2 (39.6 mi2) |
| The land | 101.3 km2 (39.1 mi2) |
| The surface of the water | 1.0 km2 (0.4 mi2) |
| Altitude | 216m (709 ft) |
| Population | |
| Population | (as of 2010) |
| City limits | 53,380 people |
| Population density | 526.9 /km2 (1,365.2 /mi2) |
| Urban area | 140,247 people |
| Others | |
| Equal time obi | Central time (UTC-6) |
| Daylight saving time | Central part daylight saving time (UTC-5) |
| An official web site: http://www.auburnalabama.org/ | |
The city where Auburn (Auburn) is located in the eastern part of United States of America Alabama. It is Daigakucho of the Auburn University. The population 53,380 (2010 national census) [2]. The urban area mainly on two of Auburn and county seat オーペライカ adjacent northeast consists only of Lee county 1 counties and holds population of 140,247 people (2010 national census) [2]. Auburn is included in a city of the Georgia third located in the approximately 60km east southeast, the wide area urban area of Columbus more regionally, and the population counts 469,327 (2010 national census) [2].
History
A native American creek group settled down in this whole area with today's Auburn in eastern Alabama before the European settlement. In 1832, this ground was performed cession of from a creek group in the United States of America by a treaty of カセッタ. When the creek group which remained in this ground by the second creek war in 1836 four years later was ousted by an order of President Andrew Jackson at the time, John J Harper of the Methodist founded a town in this ground. This town got the approval of the Alabama state legislature before long in 1839 and was become a corporation formally [1].
Auburn developed from the early days as a center of the education. In 1840, Auburn Women's College (existing Auburn Senior High School) founded it in form to reorganize a school of Methodist who had been already founded line [3]. As private liberal arts Courage affiliated with Methodist communion in 1856, east Alabama Men's College which was a forerunner of the Auburn University founded it [4]. However, when the Civil War began, these universities became the closing a school, too and were converted into a field hospital [1].
Even if the Civil War was over, time suffered before the reopening of the university came to be able to manage to come up with an expense to suffer from by a blow to regional economy of Auburn which war brought. The school building of the Auburn Women's College was leased for business for a while after the end of the war and wandered the owner including the chair factory from place to place. When regional economy looked up before long, the Auburn citizen bought back a school building and established a school district and brought back Auburn Women's College as a high school of the coeducation [3].
Although I reopened immediately after the end of the war, students were not readily gathered, and one east Alabama Men's College suffered from a financial difficulty. When the Methodist Church parted with east Alabama Men's College in 1872, the fellow scholar applied the Morrill Act of the federation and was played as State University of land Grant and was renamed to the Alabama A&M University [1]. For the next 1,892 years, the Alabama A&M university accepted a girl student for the first time and became coeducation [4].
After all it was a university to have supported regional economy growth of Auburn from the late 19th century through the 20th century. When the world financial crisis happened in 1929, the regional economy of Auburn was delayed because of high dependence to the university, but the city improved by the later new dealism. A student and the staff of a school increased rapidly after World War II, and the population of the city greatly increased. When the 1990s began, manufacturing industry developed in Auburn and established the position as another axis in the regional economy [1]. And, in 2008, an industry-university co-operation official is public; of the high-tech industry Alabama state government, Auburn City government and Auburn University was public, and opened the Auburn research park in order to be based [5].
Geography
Auburn is located at 32°35'51" N 85°28'50" W. It is located to approximately 170km from approximately 85km, Atlanta to the southwest from approximately 45km, state capital Montgomery to the east from the state border (チャッタフーチ river) with Georgia to the west. オーペライカ which is the county seat of the Lee county northeast of the city is adjacent.
According to United States of America Bureau of the Census, Auburn City is total area 102.6km² (39.6mi²). 101.3km² (39.1mi²) of those is land, and 1.0km² (0.4mi²) is area of the sea. 1.11% of total areas become the area of the sea. The city limits spread out in the immediate north of the waterfall line, the hilly areas on the Piedmont plateau, and the altitude has a considerable difference by a place, but is 216m at the position of the city hall.
Climate
The climate of Auburn is warm, and it is characterized in autumn and the winter that it is easy to spend in early spring and hot and humid summer. As for the mean temperature of hottest July, as for 28 degrees Celsius, the average of the highest temperature, most days are beyond 30 degrees Celsius at 32 degrees Celsius in the daytime. As for the mean temperature of coldest January, as for 8 degrees Celsius, the average of the minimum temperature, there is sometimes that minimum temperature falls at 3 degrees Celsius below the freezing point. Although the New Year has slightly many it, and there is slightly few you in autumn, I almost average the precipitation through one year, and the monthly precipitation is around 90-130mm. Annual precipitation is approximately 1,340mm. The snowfall of the winter season is extremely rare [6]. In the division into climatic zones of Koeppen, Auburn belongs to a warm dampness climate (Cfa) distributed over the United States of America East Coast and the southern part widely.
| January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December | Year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean temperature (℃) | 8.9 | 10.0 | 13.3 | 17.8 | 21.7 | 25.6 | 26.7 | 26.1 | 24.4 | 18.9 | 12.8 | 9.4 | 18.3 |
| Precipitation (mm) | 121.9 | 134.6 | 154.9 | 114.3 | 91.4 | 104.1 | 137.2 | 114.3 | 86.4 | 66.0 | 86.4 | 129.5 | 1,341.0 |
Education
The Auburn University sets up the campus of 1,841 acres (7,449,000m²) to the immediate southwest of the inner-city [7]. After the fellow scholar founded it according to the said article as a private liberal arts college called east Alabama Men's College affiliated with Methodist communion in 1856, and I applied the Morrill Act in 1872, and it was in land Grant University, I renamed it to the current Auburn University in 1960 and shifted to the university [4]. The fellow scholar has approximately 20,000 undergraduates, student of approximately 5,000 graduate students and has agriculture, building, design studies, business administration, pedagogy, engineering, the forest, nature biology, human science, liberal arts, nursing science, a pharmacy, science, 12 veterinary departments and provides 140 specialty programs [7]. In addition, the fellow scholar cooperates with Nippon University department of economics and provides the 10-month studying abroad program that put a class of an English concentration lecture and economics, the business administration together and accepts a foreign student [8]. The fellow scholar receives an evaluation to enter within the U.S. 100th place in the university ranking of U.S. News & World Report [9].
The K-12 course in Auburn is supported mainly by a public school building under the jurisdiction of the Auburn City school district. The school district has eight elementary schools (a kindergarten .1-2 years student: for four, 3-5 years straight: four), junior high school (6-7 years student) one, low-class high school (8-9 years student) one, high school (9-12 years student) one [10].
Political
Auburn adopts a city manager system. A city manager is the head of the administrative business of the municipal administration prefecture and has the authority for the duty established by the enforcement of 1) laws and ordinances and regulations, the personnel affairs of 2) municipal administration prefectures, the supervision of 3) city government officials and management, the financial status report to 4) municipal assemblies and the making of the budget bill, the suggestion to the municipal assembly of the measure to think that 5) city managers are desirable, the report to the municipal assembly of the matter about 6) city managers and the decision of 7) regulations or municipal assembly and takes responsibility [11].
A municipal assembly is a legislative body of the cities and, other than the establishment of the regulations of the city and the adoption of the policy, has authority for the transfer of the appointment of 1) city manager and dismissal and the foundation of 2) new Administrative Affairs Bureau and duties [12]. The mayor does not bear the responsibility for the administrative business and I play a role as the head of the municipal administration prefecture and, other than a role as the head of the municipal assembly, am left only as a courtesy purpose [13]. The member of eight members of a city council constituting a municipal assembly is picked from the single-seat constituencies that divided a city into eight one by one. The mayor is picked from the all the cities separately from a member of member of a city council [14]. With the member of mayor, member of a city council, the term of office is four years [15].
Economic
The Auburn University has an influence on the regional economy of the city. The fellow scholar employs approximately 4,700 staff of a school (beat approximately 1,200 teachers) [7], and this hits about 1/4 of the worker population of Auburn. In addition, the Auburn research park which a fellow scholar opened in cooperation with a state government and a municipal administration prefecture in 2008 makes use of the results of research of the fellow scholar and plays a role to connect with local high-tech industry development [5]. For example, the Auburn University MRI research center in the garden established in cooperation with Siemens in 2010 is put in the private Auburn backbone, neurosurgery center without two scanners of 3T applied with the contract with the east Alabama medical center and 7T being used for a study of the preparation, a study department of engineering and a veterinarian department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, psychology specialty, biological science specialty, the kinesiology specialty, and it being [16]. In addition, there is the business incubator at the garden and promotes that a hometown entrepreneur uses the results of research by a professor and the student of the Auburn University and connects it with business and plays a role to promote development of the regional economy [17].
Traffic
The Auburn University area Airport which Auburn University owns (IATA: AUO) is located to approximately 4km from the center of Auburn to the east [18]. However, this airport is an airport used for the departure and arrival of a private plane and the chartered plane exclusively called General アビエーション, and the traveler service does not arrive and depart [19] that is used for training of the aeronautics specialty of the Auburn University for a fixed period. For the commercial airport of the Auburn neighborhood, approximately 60km, Columbus Airport (IATA: CSG) and the west located northeast of the downtown of Columbus include approximately 100km, Montgomery area Airport located southwest of the downtown of Montgomery (IATA: MGM) from the center of the city to the east. However, as for the scale of these airports, as for the former, a service from Atlanta by Delta Air Lines (delta connection) goes into service for the scale of the city called Columbus and Montgomery small [20], and, as for the latter, a Dallas Fort Worth service of American Airlines (American eagle) and a Charlotte service of US Airways simply go into service other than an Atlanta service of the delta connection [21]. A scale is bigger, and I include Hertz field Jackson Atlanta International Airport going into service a lot (IATA: ATL), and, for an airport with much number of service, the direct flight from not only the United States but also all parts of the world is approximately one hour 40 minutes by approximately 160km, car mainly on a flight of the company from the center of Auburn to the northeast in the Delta Air Lines's greatest hub airport.
Expressway I-85 between states goes along the southeast of the inner-city in northeast - southwest direction. I-85 reaches to Montgomery to the southwest to Atlanta and the Charlotte area to the northeast by a main line running lengthwise through Piedmont plateau.
Bus terminal / バスディーポ which the bus of the greyhound does not stop at Auburn, and is the closest in オーペライカ [22]. A bus of the Alabama locality to bind Columbus and Birmingham together in バスディーポ of オーペライカ and a bus to Atlanta arrive and depart.
The city does not have the public route bus network, and the public transport is only paratransit to run of the Lee raschel public transport (LRPT) [23]. Alternatively, the Auburn University runs a bus network called the tiger transit for a student and the staff of a school originally [24].
Culture
Auburn University is the center of the culture in Auburn. There are an art museum, a museum and a theater in the campus and becomes the part of a study, the education of the fellow scholar and local return it by display, a performance. In addition, for Auburn which does not have professional sports, the sports team of the fellow scholar, the importance of Tigers are high.
Culture facilities
The Joule Collins Smith Museum is located to the south of the campus of the Auburn University. The hall stores rough sketch, picture, print, photograph, sculpture and 1,500 points of works or more of a wide variety of genres [25]. The rotunda of the hall is lighted up with the glass chandelier which the function as the showpiece named "the chandelier of the lambrequin of the amber" by デイル チフーリ served as [26]. Representative permanent construction showpieces of the hall include Salvador Dali, Marc Chagall, Pierre = Auguste Renoir, Pablo Picasso, a European work to cross by the mid-20th century from the Henri Matisse and others late 19th century and a sculpture of the bronze of Tibet in the after 14th century [26]. In addition, it stores a natural history image [27] of John James Audubon, the vanguard art [29] of porcelain [28] and the United States of America of Northern Ireland and displays the hall.
The Auburn University natural history Museum owned by a department of science is located in biological diversity learning center completed in eastern part, April, 2013 of the campus [30]. The hall is aimed for the natural history education for preservation of the biological diversity of the whole study, area of the biological diversity and earth and documentation, Auburn University and Alabama state people [31]. They are collected in the hall, and the animals and plants which become targeted for a study, display rise to 57,000 kinds of plants [37] including 20,000 kinds of aquatic invertebrates [32], fish 450,000 kinds [33], amphibians, reptiles 40,000 kinds [34], birds 2,000 kinds [35], mammals 1,500 kinds [36] and fungi.
Terfair Pete Theater of the liberal arts department is located to a shop of the campus central part and the south, the immediate north of the area where the student dormitory is concentrated. The theater becomes the stronghold of the mosaic theatrical company consisting of the student of the Auburn University, and the performance of the theatrical company is performed. The member of this theatrical company is chosen from the student of every department by an audition not only drama specialty [38].
Sports
I belong to south eastern conference (the SEC) to belong to division I (as for the football FBS/ old I-A) of NCAA, and Auburn Tigers competes in the boy seventh kind, the girl tenth kind. The conference is known as a most fierce battle ward by the football in particular, and importance of the football is particularly high for Tigers. The football team of Tigers bases on the Jordan hair stadium having 87,491 seats [39], and the game at the home calls out the audience who greatly exceeds the total population of the city. With Crimson Tide of the Alabama university which is another skilled player in the state, I build the rival relations called the iron bowl. In 2010, Tigers carried out first United States championship in history of university for the second that it was 53 years since then, a general champion since 1957 [40]; [41].
Population dynamics
Refer to Columbus (Georgia) # urban area population for the population of the whole Columbus Auburn オーペライカ wide area urban area.
I show below a change [42] of the city limits population in Auburn City from 1870 through 2010 in a graph and a table.
| The statistics year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1870 | 1,018 people |
| 1880 | 1,161 people |
| 1890 | 1,440 people |
| 1900 | 1,447 people |
| 1910 | 1,408 people |
| 1920 | 2,143 people |
| 1930 | 2,800 people |
| 1940 | 4,652 people |
| 1950 | 12,939 people |
| 1960 | 16,261 people |
| 1970 | 22,767 people |
| 1980 | 28,471 people |
| 1990 | 33,830 people |
| 2000 | 42,987 people |
| 2010 | 53,380 people |
Note
- ^ a b c d e Causey, Evelyn D. Auburn. Encyclopedia of Alabama. November 25, 2013.
- ^ a b c American FactFinder. U.S. Census Bureau. February 4, 2011.
- ^ a b History of Auburn High School. Auburn High School.
- ^ a b c History of Auburn University. Auburn University.
- ^ a b Auburn Research Park: Home. Auburn Research and Technology Foundation.
- ^ a b Historical Weather for Auburn, Alabama, United States of America. Weatherbase.com.
- ^ a b c Quick Facts. Auburn University.
- I study in the ^ United States Alabama Oban University a year and program it. Nippon University department of economics.
- It is National University Rankings. p.4. ^ Best Colleges 2014 U.S. News & World Report. 2013.
It was the 91st place in the version (2013 publication) for 2,014 years. - ^ Schools. Auburn City Schools.
- ^ "Qualifications of city manager; duties; designation or appointment of administrative officer to perform duties of manager during temporary absence or disability; Appointment of officers and employees". Sec.2-52. Code of Ordinances. City of Auburn. 1984.
- ^ "Powers of council". Sec.2-24. Code of Ordinances.
- ^ "Duties of mayor; vacancy in office of mayor to be filled by mayor pro tem; vacancies on council". Sec.2-23. Code of Ordinances.
- ^ "Designation of offices by name". Sec.8-2. Code of Ordinances.
- ^ "Municipal elections". Sec.8-3. Code of Ordinances.
- ^ MRI Research Center. Auburn Research and Technology Foundation.
- ^ Auburn Business Incubator. Auburn Research and Technology Foundation.
- ^ Columbus. (Form 5010) Airport Master Record. Federal Aviation Administration. December 12, 2013
- ^ Professional Flight Management: About. Auburn University.
- ^ Airlines at CSG, Daily Arrivals and Departures. Columbus Airport.
- ^ Flight Information. Montgomery Regional Airport.
- ^ Opelika, AL. Greyhound.
- ^ Lee-Russell Public Transit (LRPT). Lee-Russell Council of Governments.
- ^ Home. Tiger Transit, Auburn University.
- ^ Collections. Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art, Auburn University.
- ^ a b Collection Highlights. Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art, Auburn University.
- ^ The Louise Hauss and David Brent Miller Audubon Collection. Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art, Auburn University.
- ^ The Helen and Dwight Carlisle Collection of Irish Belleek Porcelain. Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art, Auburn University.
- ^ Advancing American Art. Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art, Auburn University.
- ^ Birchfield, Candis. The College of Sciences and Mathematics opens Biodiversity Learning Center. College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University. April 26, 2013.
- ^ Auburn University Natural History Museum. College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University.
- ^ Aquatic Invertebrates. Auburn University Museum of Natural History.
- ^ Fishes. Auburn University Museum of Natural History.
- ^ Amphibians and Reptiles. Auburn University Museum of Natural History.
- ^ Birds. Auburn University Museum of Natural History.
- ^ Mammals. Auburn University Museum of Natural History.
- ^ Plants. Auburn University Museum of Natural History.
- ^ Mosaic Theatre Company. Department of Theatre, College of Liberal Arts, Auburn University.
- ^ Jordan-Hare Stadium. Auburn University.
- ^ Klein, Gary. Auburn defeats Oregon, 22-19, to win BCS national championship game. Los Angeles Times. January 10, 2011.
- Ohio State University (AP2 rank) became championship by the coach vote by championship only for AP at the time of first championship of ^ 1957.
- ^ Census of Population and Housing: 1790-2010. U.S. Census Bureau.
Outside link
- Official site of the City of Auburn, AL - city
- Auburn Chamber of Commerce
- Auburn University
- Auburn Research Park
- Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art
- Auburn University Museum of Natural History
- Auburn Tigers
- Auburn City Schools
- Auburn, Alabama - City-Data.com
- Map of Auburn, AL - Yahoo!Map
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Auburn (Alabama)
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