U.K. territory East Africa
The colony where the U.K. territory East Africa (British East Africa) was established in the East Africa in 1895 of the U.K.
Table of contents
Summary
In 1888, empire U.K. East Africa company () (IBEA) of the Imperial grant company is established and, based on the commercial right which the U.K. had around Mombasa Port, starts management. A part equivalent to current Kenya in 1895 became the protectorate. This protectorate followed until it became the Kenyan colony () of the direct control in 1920.
History
Prehistory
Zanzibar sultan country based in Zanzibar governed the Indian Ocean Coast part whole area of the East Africa substantially and performed management and farm management, the slave trade of the port town. However, a propagator European than the 1840s started the settlement under the protection of the sultan of Zanzibar nominally in Kilimanjaro from around shore of Mombasa. In addition, the U.K. forbade slave trade at the end of 19th century and occupied the harbor city of the East Africa of the Zanzibar territory and pressed Zanzibar.
Division in Africa
In the principle of the division decided in Congress of Berlin (1884 through 1885) in 1885 in Africa, in the country which possessed a coastal place, the possession of the hinterland was to be recognized, too.
For Deutsches Reich which sent a fleet to Zanzibar that a colony made an area equal to Tanzania in the back it in August, 1886, the U.K. in response to a support request from Zanzibar intervened in the East Africa, too. As a result of discussion of three countries which contained France, a split bar is drawn in the East Africa, and the U.K. will take the part equal to Kenya at the north present of the boundary line in a part (the German East Africa) equal to Tanzania at the south present of the boundary line Germany. Because the rule range was a shoreline of 150 miles (240 kilometers) to the boundary line with the German East Africa via Mombasa from the river mouth of the Kenyan longest river Tana, the sphere of influence by this became approximately equal to the range of current Kenya.
East Africa company in the U.K.
The British Government concentrated power on securing of rights and interests in southern African Continent in those days and decided to borrow a private hand because it had no room and recommended the construction of the U.K. sphere of influence in the eastern part of Africa to president of British India steamship company () (British India Steam Navigation Company) which opened a route throughout the Indian Ocean, and performed the transaction with Zanzibar sultan country and the East Africa whole area, William Macchi non () (William Mackinnon).
The Macchi non formed British East Africa association (British East Africa Association) and I received Imperial grant in 1888 and established empire U.K. East Africa company () (Imperial British East Africa Company, IBEA) of the Imperial grant company. I put Uganda in the sphere of influence of the U.K. more in 1890, and the British East Africa company began railroad (Ugandan railroad) construction or farmland development from Mombasa to Lake Victoria, but I had the opposition with propagators who ruled over Kabaka (King) and each place of the ブガンダ kingdom (existing Uganda), and power and time were cut by this, and the management turned worse.
It is a protectorate
I declared becoming it, and, on July 1, 1895, the British Government assumed a protectorate of the U.K. territory East Africa the jurisdiction of the Foreign Office. Uganda became part in 1902, too, and the East Africa syndicate (East Africa Syndicate) got the development authorization of 500 square mile (1,300 square kilometers) in order to make a white settlement in the inland plateau zone.
The settlement to the plateau of white and Indian emigrant to the city
In April, 1902, the British East Africa's first land application was carried out by "East Africa syndicate" (East Africa Syndicate). Investors who belonged to the British South African company established this company, and were going to use the land of 500 square mile of the well cool plateau zone of the climate because of the colonization by the European. Furthermore, I want to do the application to prepare the Jewish settlement into the appropriate place (British I possess it and plan Ugandan). In April, 1903, American Frederick raschel Barnum () that was the director of the East Africa syndicate dispatched the expeditionary party for mineral resources in the famous African explorers of British troops. The expeditionary party led in John Weston Brooke () lacked water to the Lake Rudolf (existing Turkana lake) west coast via Mt. Elgon from Nairobi and carried out a dangerous trip to meet with many times with the Masai. In 1903, several hundred settlers arrived at Kenya from South Africa. However, a problem over the right maintenance of the live stock farming of the Masai happened, and decision not to accept an application of the use of land of the big area was done in future.
Over accomplishment of this colonial policy, I had a debate among Minister of Foreign Affairs orchids down marquises of the U.K. with Lord commissioner Charles Elliott of British East Africa at the time. The orchids down marquis was going to follow the oath that I gave the East Africa syndicate and did it when you should authorize lease of 500 square mile for them. However, as a result of talks with the protectorate bureaucrat who was in London, he refused a conclusion of Eliot that it was said to lease 50 square mile to a settler from South Africa particularly. Sir Eliot speaks the conclusion of the orchids down marquis which follow the advantageous lease to the East Africa syndicate while forbidding new lease with unfair land monopoly and resigns it. The jurisdiction moved from the Foreign Office to the colony ministry () in 1905, and the capital moved from Mombasa of the shore to Nairobi of the inland plateau zone in the same year.
I it after the establishment of the Kenyan colony
After the fight of the African front of World War I, it became the Kenyan colony () of the own country direct control from the protectorate in 1920. A farm of coffee and the tea by the management of white opened as "white Highlands" in the State of Chuo whole area, and the number of white reached 30,000 in the 1930s. The white farm occupying the land of the plateau later becomes the target of various movements for racial liberation such as revolts of Mau Mau by the キクユ group insisting on original land-ownership.
On the other hand, the Indian emigrant who performed finance, commerce, the manual industry came in Kenya and, since 1896, changed the economy of the urban area. Furthermore, a large number of Indians came for railroad construction in Uganda in Kenya and Uganda. The isolation according to the race was accomplished, and a place of residence limit and the Indian settlement restrictions in the city to the plateau zone were carried out, but the Indian overwhelmed a white with a number. They hit the estimated population at the stage of Kenya with 2,376,000 people in 1921, and, as for 9,651, as for European, 22,822, Indian, 10,102 were Arabs. The most big city was Mombasa, and the population was 32,000 people.
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