ヴルガータ
With ヴルガータ (or ウルガタ Luo: Vulgata), it is Latin: By abbreviation of editio Vulgata (will of "the cointerpreter"), it is the standard Latin translation Bible of the Catholic Church. It was established as an official edition of the Latin Bible in the トリエント council that began in 1545. I am considered to be translation by ヒエロニムス traditionally, but really trace a more complicated conclusion process. In addition, it is "ウルガータ" according to it because Vu was pronounced a cormorant in the ancient Latin not ヴ.
Table of contents
History
I am until the Middle Ages by establishment of ヴルガータ
Before the ヒエロニムス reason, editio Vulgata, the name "ヴルガータ" were used, but this pointed at the Old Latin Bible. In other words, there has been already much Latin translation in the Bible from a complete thing to a fragmentary thing in the times of ヒエロニムス. The business results of ヒエロニムス are to have completed a choice of the Latin translation while referring to the original after having been based on those Latin translation.
ヒエロニムス which stayed in Rome would revise the Latin translation Bible by a life of the Pope lump soot first in A.D. 382 and firstly started the New Testament. I corrected the part which the evangelistary checked old Latin translation against Greek text and took the wrong. A first revision version of the New Testament by ヒエロニムス was approximately just completed using old Latin translation about other documents here.
ヒエロニムス which moved to Palestine for 386 years started revision of the Old Testament. Firstly, using 70 reason Bible and hexaplastic (six column contrast Old Testament) of Origenes, I translated Book of Job, poem, each generation, various books belonged to to Solomon traditionally, 40-55 chapters of Isaias (about 385 - about 89). I borrowed the hand of the Palestinian Jewish teacher and wrestled in reason from the Masora text which I learned Hebrew and was able to suffer from in Hebrew (about 390 - about 405) and completed an old promise afterwards. A description of Tobit, a description of Jehudit translated an addendum of Book of Esther as Book of Daniel by a brisk walk about so-called "deuterocanonical books" among the Old Testament again and did not touch a hand in others. In addition, three kinds of poems of the ヒエロニムス reason exist. It is (1) Rome poem: The thing which revised the old Latin translation of the poem by 70 reason, (2) Gaul poem: The thing which I revised to let old Latin translation support the Masora text, (3) Hebrew poem: I translated it from the Masora text directly.
Latin translation of the Bible by ヒエロニムス established in this way was so-called "ヴルガータ", and, in the splendor of articulateness and the writing style of the meaning, it was the prominent result to exceed conventional Latin translation much more. It was the fifth century that "ヴルガータ" was renowned in the west world and came to be used widely in the whole area of Europe in early Middle Ages.
Because not only "ヴルガータ" but also the old Latin translation Bible was used in parallel in the Middle Ages, the pureness which I was combined with a mistake at the time of the manuscript making, and originally "ヴルガータ" gradually had was lost. However, the reconstruction, the activity to maintain was able to continue "ヴルガータ" original writing style through revision of Alcuin and others in the Renaissance and revision business in the Paris University of the thirteenth century for Carlovingian.
ヴルガータ after the early modern times
John Gutenberg established a print technology in the West, and it was "the Gutenberg Bible" that was a print book of the ヴルガータ Bible that asked as the result in the life in 1455. After that the ヴルガータ Bible comes to be read by more people. An original study by Hebrew and the Greek became popular under the influence of a scholar of such flow and humanism, and the Bible itself came to be studied by an original text. Because a fault of the "ヴルガータ" Bible came to be criticized in this flow, the トリエント council of 1546 reconfirmed for authority of the Latin translation Bible as the official Bible of the Catholic Church in the "ヴルガータ" Bible. But "ヴルガータ" shows what was evaluated in the history and a tradition to this in the Latin Bible that various things spread in those days, and attention is necessary for not being at all a thing denying the Bible written in the original. I decide that the トリエント council revises "ヴルガータ" in the evidence more strictly and publishes the new Latin Bible.
I received this decision, and a committee was organized, and the new "ヴルガータ" Bible was revised. Pope Sixtus V announced the new text for getting started before everything is set because I hurried completion adding a hand by oneself and performed announcement to assume this a choice as "Sixtus edition". However, this was canceled immediately for the reason of being too insufficient scientifically, and further revision was performed by a committee led by Roberto Bellarmine and was announced as "a Sixtus Clementina version" in 1592 in the Clement VIII times.
When the 20th century begins, revision of "ヴルガータ" based on the latest study is decided with the Pope Pius tenth, and a new text is announced by Benedict members. Furthermore, revision of the "ヴルガータ" Bible based on the original is decided in 1965 by instructions of the Pope Paul sixth and is completed in 1979. This is said to be the Nova Vulgata, "new ヴルガータ" Bible.
The "ヴルガータ" Bible comes from ヒエロニムス in this way and maintains the position as the choice of the Latin translation of the Bible by study and revision without dying out up to the present age.
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