Heinrich Heine
| Heinrich Heine Heinrich Heine | |
|---|---|
 Portrait (1831) of Heine by M, D Oppenheim | |
| Birth | Harry Heine 1797December 13  Berg dukedom, Dusseldorf |
| Death | February 17, 1856 (58 years old death) Empire, Paris, France |
| Occupation | Poet、Journalist、Commentator |
| Genre | Lyric poetry、Gest、Lampoon、Account of a trip |
| Literature activity | Romanticism, earlier period of March |
| Masterpiece | "Book of Songs" (1833) |
| I affected it | |
 Wiki portal literature | |
Christian Johan Heinrich Heine (Christian Johann Heinrich Heine, from December 13, 1797 to February 17, 1856) is German writer, poet, literary critic, essayist, journalist. I am born in the Jewish family of Dusseldorf. Noble Gottingen graduation from university, the Bachelor of Law acquisition. I aimed at a merchant followed by the lawyer at first, but I receive teaching of Hegel boom in Berlin University of A W シュレーゲル at a university and leave it as a writer. A travelogue and literature based on many trip experiences reviewed lyric poetry such as "Book of Songs" at the beginning and wrote a political review. I emigrated to Paris from 1831 and had interchange with a large number of artists, and there was friendship with Marx of the young day.
I belong to a flow of the Romantic school for the history of literature, but a lot of lampoon and current events poetry lined in critical mind announce it because I experienced the times of the political disturbance. Music is added to the poetry of Heine written by easy expression by a person of various composition and is got close to still today many people.
Table of contents
Life
Breeding
Heine caught the life in the Jewish family of Dusseldorf as Harry Heine (Harry Heine) on December 13, 1797. Father ザムゾン Heine (Samson Heine, from 1764 to 1828) was a textile dealer from the clans which moved to Hamburg from Hannover, and mother Betty (Betty, from 1771 to 1859) was from the banker gel ten whole families with the Imperial Court. Heine is the eldest son and marries into a merchant of シャルロッテ はのち Hamburg of the younger sister, and, in マクシミーリアン of the second son, Gustav of the pupil at the lowest rank becomes a newspaper publisher of Vienna to a doctor of St. Petersburg after I grow.
In 1803, I enter the Israeli private school lintel zone. Because Napoleon code is promulgated in the next year, and it was allowed for even a Jew to enter the school of the Christian, I enter the standard school in the Francisco group monastery parallel to a lintel zone. Heine of the boyhood became a target of neighboring shucking and jiving for the British name called "Harry" and Jewish blood relationship. In 1807, I enter the spare class of リュツェウム at 10 years old and enter the gymnasium of Dusseldorf in 1810. Parallel to these, I take a drawing and music, a dance, the French personalized lesson.
Heine quitted a gymnasium in 1814 and went to the fur Ren accompaniment commercial school to become a merchant. After having done an unpaid probationer under banker Linz glass of Frankfurt for approximately two months when I became 18 years old, I worked as not being paid probation for 3 years with uncle ザロモン Heine () who was a famous banker, charitable person of Hamburg. I ran "the Harry Heine firm" by the help of the uncle for last one year, but am destroyed during one year. Heine lived in the villa of uncle ザロモン in Hamburg, but I had love feeling towards daughter (i.e., a cousin of Harry) アマーリエ of ザロモン and became the starting point of the lost love experience がのちの love lyric poetry of this time.
College student days
In 1819, Heine stops walking the way of the merchant and I receive the financial support of the uncle and enter the university boom. It was entrance to school that I aim at the lawyer, but I take the lecture of the literature at the side of law and the public administration and am impressed to listen to a lecture of Petrarch by August Wilhelm シュレーゲル. I write article "Romanticism" and drama "Arman sol" at this time and begin writing activity.
In 1820, I drop out of a university boom in 2 intersessions and enter the noble Gottingen university. However, I cause duel case and become the official suggestion withdrawal from school in only three months and move to the Berlin University immediately. I met Hegel whom I would look up to as a teacher for life in Berlin and learned his logic, philosophy of religion, aesthetics. Heine published the first book "book of verse" in 1822 and got fame and popularity as a rising writer including dramatic publication of "William Radcliffe" successively and went in and out of a salon of the ラーエル ファルンハーゲンs (Rahel Varnhagen von Ense) in Berlin and had アーデルベルト phone シャミッソー and Christian Dietrich グラッベ and interchange.
I come back to the Gottingen University again to settle it in studies in 1824. After performing a walkabout (gathered up as "Harz travelogue" in the next year) to pass through the Harz Mountains from these nine a year moon to October, and having visited each place, I visit Goethe of ヴァイマル, but receive a cold treatment. In June, 1825, I am converted to Protestantism from Judaism and am baptized in Gottingen suburbs ハイリゲンシュタット and become Christian Johan Heinrich Heine. This conversion was carried out without telling a family, and it was to become much after it that parents knew the conversion. I graduated from this age Gottingen University and acquired a bachelor of the law.
Writing life in Germany
Heine whom I had already contributed to the magazine which was more more than 50 than school days began an occupation writer, the activity as the journalist. At first I took the rest in norDell Ney Island after a university and emigrated to Hamburg after having visited Luneburg where parents lived in afterwards. I start publication of "Pictures of Travel" at a cheat sheet bookstore of Hamburg from 1826 and publish representative book of verse "Book of Songs" which repeated 13 until the year of a person's death in 1827 from an ibidem shop.
I move to Munich in 1827, but, in this trip, get Ludwig Borne and an acquaintance with the Grimm brothers in Cassell in Frankfurt. I became a "newly general political yearbook" editor of the cotter publication in Munich and bound friendship together with Roberto Schumann who would attach music to much poetry of Heine again. I move to Berlin afterwards in 1829. Meanwhile, they travel in the U.K., the Netherlands (1827) Italian (1829) ヘルゴラント Island (1830), and those experiences bear fruit in works such as "Pictures of Travel" or "quotation in the U.K.".
By political criticism and the social criticism that come to get close to the principle of sun = Simon from 1830, but is writing gradually from the German authorities of the monitoring will be paid more attention.
Times in France
Heine decided emigration in France and moved to Paris that became the home until a lifetime in May, 1831. Heine has many well-known artists, literary people and sun = シモニスト and interchange in the French times, and composer Hector Berlioz, Frederick Chopin, Franz List, ジョアキーノ Rossini, Felix Mendelssohn, Richard Wagner, writer オノレ de Balzac, Victor Hugo, George Sand, Alexandre Dumas pere and others are included in that.
In 1832, I received death of Goethe and wrote を as "financial statements of the literature" for "a history of the German modern literature". I come to have writer Heinrich ラウベ and the interchange of the young man Germany group from these days, but the publication of the young man Germany group is prohibited in 1835 by German Federal Congress, and Heine is given to their first on the list. In 1839, I receive death of Ludwig Borne and work on "Bernay memorandum". In 1841, I marry クレッサンス you Jennie mirror (nickname Mathilde).
In 1843, I conclude friendship with 25-year-old curl Marx in Paris and meet until the departure of Marx of 1845 frequently. Marx helped with the publication of "German Winter's Tale" (thing about the first trip in 13 years to Germany) of Heine and tried for help and Heine read much poetry to Marx, too and demanded an opinion. I announce current events poetry "poor workmen" ("a workman of Silesia") about the revolt that the textile mechanic which was in needy circumstances of Silesia caused in 1844 to "four Abe Ruth" and receive high praise of Friedrich Engels with the bulletin of the socialist. I publish "a collection of avant-garde poetry" in the same year.
Uncle ザロモン Heine who helped Heine throughout the life in 1844 dies, and an intense inheritance fight happens between the relatives who included Heine. I followed until the curl of the nephew visited Heine of Paris as for this fight in 1847, and an agreement was concluded. Heine worsened health condition having the paralysis (it is thought that it is multiple sclerosis or syphilis) rapidly from these days, and a false report of the Heine death drifted in Germany in 1846. Half of the bodies did not move in 1848 and were not able to go out by Louvre visit of May last. In 1851, I publish "ロマンツェーロ" called three major lyric poetry with "Book of Songs" "collection of avant-garde poetry". A young woman called エリーゼ chestnut Nitze () called by a nickname of ムーシュ (fly) to Heine of the sickbed in 1855 came to often come and had interchange with the poet in the most later years until the death in the next year. Heine died on February 17, 1856 and was buried in the Montmartre graveyard. Wife Mathilde died in 1883. Two people did not have the child.
Inheritance
Music is added to poetry of Heine by many musicians, and many songs come out of poetry of "Book of Songs" among other things. "Lorelei" ("Book of Songs" collecting) whom music was given to in 1838 by Friedrich Silcher was well known, and the writing of Heine became a target of the book burning for Nazis Era, but the name of the rhymer was crossed, and only this poetry was sung. Franz List, Clara Schumann add music to this poetry, too.
In addition, Roberto Schumann who had the interchange from the Munich times makes the songs such as the "love "Liederkreis work 24" "two grenadiers" of the poet" from the work group recorded in "Book of Songs", and poetry has its liederkranz "swan song" of Franz Schubert stolen from "the return" in this book of verse. It is poetry from "Book of Songs" on "the wings of the song" which Felix Mendelssohn composed. ツェーザリ Cui composes an opera "William lah advantageous riff" based on tragedy of Heine elsewhere.
In Japan, a book more large number of than the Meiji era was translated including what Ougai Mori translated and was got close to many poets such as Sakutaro Hagiwara, Haruo Sato.
Main book
- Book of verse (Gedichte, 1821)
- Tragedy (Tragödien, nebst einem lyrischen Intermezzo, 1823) with the lyricism intermezzo
- Pictures of Travel (Reisebilder, from 1826 to 1831)
- Harz travelogue (Die Harzreise, 1826) Tadashi Naito reason, Iwanami library (1934)
- Quotation (Englische Fragmente, 1827) in the U.K.
- Book of Songs (Buch der Lieder, 1827) Shozo Inoue reason, Iwanami library (1950)
- The present conditions (Französische Zustände, 1833) of France
- For the history of the German modern literature (Zur Geschichte der neueren schönen Literatur in Deutschland, 1833)
- Romantic school (Die romantische Schule, 1836) Shoho Yamazaki reason
- Tannhauser legend (Der Tanhaeuser-Eine Legende, 1836)
- Salon (Der Salon, from 1836 to 1840)
- Ludwig Borne memorandum (Über Ludwig Börne, 1840)
- New book of verse (Neue Gedichte, 1844)
- Winter's Tale (Deutschland. Ein Wintermärchen, 1844) Etsuji Ikumi translation in Germany, Iwanami library (1941)
- アッタ トロル (Atta Troll. Ein Sommernachtstraum, 1847) Etsuji Ikumi reason
- ロマンツェーロ (Romanzero, 1851) Etsuji Ikumi reason, Iwanami library (1951)
- Faust doctor (Der Doktor Faust, 1851)
- Gods (Les Dieux en Exil, 1853) of the exile
- Gods, apparition of a living person story Toshio Ozawa reason of the exile, Iwanami library (1980)
- ルテーチア (Lutezia, 1854) Yoshinobu Doi reason, Hiroshi Koba, Etsugi Miyano, Nobuyuki Kobayashi reason
- Miscellaneous writings (Vermischte Schriften, 1854)
- Essence Tsutomu Ito reason Iwanami library (1951) of the German classic philosophy
Allied item
- When I was assassinated in the Nicolai second - Russian Revolution, I am informed it when one paragraph of poetry "Persia colander king" ("Book of Songs") of Heine was written down on the wall of the basement which is the killing spot.
- It was renamed to "Heinrich Heine University" from Dusseldorf University -1988 year.
References
The current version refers to Masao Ichijo "Heine" mainly.
- Shigenobu Funaki "poet Heine" Tsukama bookshop, 1964
- It is morning sun publishing company, 1977 in the Shozo Inoue "Heine and time"
- Hiroshi Koba "dream Japan broadcast publication association that Heine had", 1994
- Masao Ichijo "Heine" spring water study, 1997
Outside link
- Work (German) of Heine in project Gutenberg
- Shungetsu Ikuta reason Heine book of verse (Japanese) in the story club
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia Heinrich Heine
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