The Bahadur Shah first
| The Bahadur Shah first ب ہادرشاهاول | |
|---|---|
| The Mogul Empire seventh charges emperor | |
 The Bahadur Shah first | |
| The reign | 1707June 19 - 1712February 27 |
| Coronation | 1707March 27 （May 2） |
| Another name | パードシャー |
| All names | クトゥブッディーン Muhammad ムアッザム |
| Birth | 1643October 14 Bulldog Hahn pull |
| The death | 1712February 27 Lahore |
| Burial | It is moo a tea trout didoh |
| Spouse | ニザーム bar E |
| Children | ジャハーンダール Shahs |
| Dynasty | ムガル morning (Timur dynasty) |
| Father | アウラングゼーブ |
| Mother | ナワーブ bar E |
| Religion | Islam religion (Sunni) |
The Bahadur Shah first (Urdu: for بہادرشاهاول, Bahadur Shah I, from October 14, 1643 to February 17, 1712) north India, the seventh monarch (the reign: for from 1707 to 1712) of Mogul Empire. I am known as Shah アーラム (Shah Alam) or the Shah アーラム first (Shah Alam I). In the second sons of the sixth monarch アウラングゼーブ, mother is ナワーブ bar E.
After death of father, the Bahadur Shah first defeated brothers アーザム and カーム バフシュ of two people and did a royal rank that it was firm.
But reaction in the reign of father began to appear, and there were muller terラージプート, ジャート, the estrangement of the pagan including the Sikh, too, and the battle for these brought the empire a large amount of expenditure. In addition, as a result, it led to fiscal aggravation to have given ジャーギール too much.
In 1712, the Bahadur Shah first died, and there was royal rank succession war by four sons after the death.
Table of contents
Life
I it before the enthronement
On October 14, 1643, ムアッザム, also known as the Bahadur Shah first was born between emperor アウラングゼーブ of Mogul Empire and the princess ナワーブ bar E [1]; [2] [3].
When father アウラングゼーブ succeeded to the throne to the emperor, I abandoned a religion generosity policy of Mogul Empire and came to oppress a pagan. But ムアッザム objected to it and had different one side with father.
When the Jai thing (the monarch of the Ann veil kingdom) of the decane governor-general died in July, 1661, ムアッザム took a turn for decane as the successor.
When ムアッザム reached アウランガーバード of decane, muller terの leader シヴァージー opposed to アウラングゼーブ sent son sun burgee as a messenger in those days in October. When sun burgee arrived at アウランガーバード in the same month, ムアッザム welcomed sun burgee, and, as for them, it was very close relations, and it was in concluding a peace treaty.
But, in father emperor アウラングゼーブ, it was harmful to ムアッザム that muller terと became closely, and he was demoted as the Afghanistani governor-general.
However, ムアッザム was a constant friendship to the Buddhist master グル ゴーヴィンド thing of the Sikhism of Punjab opposed to father after I was dispatched in Afghanistan although I did not reach it for peace.
After September, 1681, father emperor アウラングゼーブ made an expedition to decane (decane war) and defeated the decane countries in a series of battles, and the sun burgee was murdered in March, 1689, too and maximized the territory of the empire by the year of a person's death [4].
The enthronement and fight with younger brothers
When アウラングゼーブ died with decane on March 3, 1707, ムアッザム declared a royal rank as a successor of アウラングゼーブ in Kabul on same month 27 or 29th and called "Bahadur Shah" (the first) who meant bold King it [2]. But it may be said that it is ペシャーワル on May 2, the same year to have declared a royal rank [2].
I suppressed the Treasury afterwards after ムアッザム leaving Afghanistan immediately, and having arrived at アーグラ [5].
However, the Bahadur Shah first decided to subdue these because they also declared a royal rank against this, and younger brother アーザム and カーム バフシュ had begun to resist you openly in each place [5].
On June 19, the same year, the Bahadur Shah first defeated the military of アーザム by a fight of ジャージャウー, and killed him and the son Vidar Shah (suppressed the son ワッラー jar); [6]. Dead because of the wound that different younger brother カーム バフシュ resisted it with decane, but beat him in high dollar birds on January 13, 1709, and カーム バフシュ received by this war on the next day (fight of the high dollar bird); [1].
I killed two younger brothers and two nephews, and the Bahadur Shah first made the throne a firm one in this way [5].
Rule
When the Bahadur Shah first begins the rule, I review a religion non-generosity policy of アウラングゼーブ, and there was not the thing that ヒンドゥー temple of the empire territory is destroyed by the reign.
However, for the countries of ラージプート, I was going to strengthen the rule to not only the marl Waal kingdom opposed to father but also the faithful Ann veil kingdom and was going to change the Ann veil King Jai thing second to the ヴィジャイ thing of the younger brother [7]. In addition, I let an army station in both nations of origin Ann veil and Joad pull each and was going to let you surrender to the authority of the empire [7].
However, the place of the constipated station failed in this trial, and the Bahadur Shah first concluded a peace conference with the two countries. However, wow, the feudal lord (スーバダール) rank of や Gujarat refused man sub(ranking) marl of the high rank than the King of the two countries required it [7].
On the other hand, I make peace with the Sikhism Buddhist master ゴーヴィンド thing of Punjab by giving man sub and meet you. The ゴーヴィンド thing was faithful to the Bahadur Shah first and joined the muller terの subjugation to decane in 1708, but governor ワズィール Hahn of シルヒンド doubted peace with the emperor and has assassinated him in October.
Empire and peace of the Sikh break down and the Sikh is led in Vander バハードゥル and will in this way cause a revolt in the empire.
A way and death to latter term Mogul Empire
However, it was Iranian, and it let Turkey system, a Mongolian noble feel indignant that the Bahadur Shah first appointed the Indian who made meritorious services in war in a battle between the reign as a noble a lot and invited division of the ムガル Imperial Court [5]. Besides, the administration of the empire turned worse as a result that the Bahadur Shah first gave ジャーギール (salary place) too much, and the finance turned worse rapidly [8].
Furthermore, after death of アウラングゼーブ, revolts were frequent in each place in the territory of Mogul Empire and they regained muller terが force and plundered decane and each place of the north India area [5].
I continued a revolt in バラトプル of the neighborhood of アーグラ, and the Jat whom there was from the reign of father in rebellion came to threaten the basis of Mogul Empire [9].
Because ゴーヴィンド thing was assassinated in Punjab, I was led in Vander バハードゥル, and there was a Sikh in rebellion.
The ラージプート monarch country regained the sovereignty of one's territory, and I became independent virtually from the empire, and the big thing made it partial independence in zemindar, and the person who refused the tax payment appeared.
Such a succession to the Imperial Throne war and the fight with the rebel army will force the empire to a large amount of expenditure [9]. I suppressed the finance that turned worse since decane war all the time more, and the Treasury of the empire where there was 130 million rupees at a stage of 1707 bottomed out in the reign [8]. About the reign of the Bahadur Shah first, historian her fee Hahn asserts in this way [5].
| " | "The empire does not have the income that only serves expenditure" | " |
His reign was a beginning to Mogul Empire in the latter period without you doing for what the empire which gradually faced the collapse as a result of misgovernment posthumously of アウラングゼーブ in the Bahadur Shah first [5].
On February 27, 1712, the Bahadur Shah first died in Lahore while I did so it [2]. The next succession to the Imperial Throne war began over a royal rank among sons of four, and the empire walked a way to ruin again [5]; [8].
Person, evaluation
The Bahadur Shah first was an educated able person, but was contrastive than 49 years and the reign of father emperor アウラングゼーブ which continued for a long time too briefly when the reign was filled for five years.
Her fee Hahn gives a person image of the Bahadur Shah first as follows [3].
| " | "I am not tainted with vice, but and one よがりで is neglectful, and the defense of the country and the rule of the territory become when managed" | " |
However, the Bahadur Shah first is the person who was going to follow the religion generosity policy of the empire unlike a father emperor, and it is also a fact that he was going to remove the problem from charges of father during the short reign [8].
Bibread Chandra tells that the fate of the empire might improve for the better more or less if the reign of the Bahadur Shah first continues a little for a longer time [8].
Family
Parents
Queen consort
Reception room
- ニザーム bar E
- アムリタ bar E
- Unknown a full name (daughter of Abdul Mumin)
- ヌールンニサー ベーグム
- ミフルンニサー ベーグム
- アマトゥル ハビーブ ベーグム
- Tea Tal bar E
- Dill ルバー bar GUM
Eight people [2] in total.
Concubine
Unavailable.
Son
- ジャハーンダール Shah
- アアッズッディーン Muhammad
- アズィーム ウッシャーン
- ラフィー ウッシャーン
- ダウラト Afzal
- ジャハーン Shah
- フマーユーン
- Unknown a full name (son between アマトゥル ハビーブ ベーグム)
Eight people [2] in total.
Daughter
- ダフル アフルーズ bar gnu ベーグム
- ミフルンニサー ベーグム
- アズィーズンニサー ベーグム
Three people [2] in total.
Footnote
- ^ a b Delhi 7
- ^ a b c d e f g Delhi 9
- ^ a b Robinson "ムガル emperor each generation," it is p.247
- ^ Robinson "ムガル emperor each generation," it is p.242
- ^ a b c d e f g h Robinson "ムガル emperor each generation," it is p.248
- ^ Delhi 8
- The ^ a b c Chandra "modern Indian history," it is p.3
- The ^ a b c d e Chandra "modern Indian history," it is p.4
- ^ a b Robinson "ムガル emperor each generation," it is p.227
References
- Francis Robinson; Origin of Sachi Tsukimori reason "rise and fall (from 1206 to 1925) of ムガル emperor each generation India, Iran, the Islam monarch country in Central Asia" wound company, 2009.
- Bibread Chandra; Toshie Kurihara reason "history Yamakawa publishing company of modern India", 2001.
Allied item
This article is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia The Bahadur Shah first
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